-, Rafik (2019) Karakteristik Laban Tembakau Varietas Kemloko, di Kabupaten Temanggung, Jawa Tengah: Tinjauan Dari Sifat Fisika Tanah. Sarjana thesis, Universitas Brawijaya.
Abstract
Kabupaten Temanggung merupakan salah satu kabupaten di Jawa T engah yang terkenal dengan tembakau rajangan dengan kualitas mutu yang sangat baik memberikan ciri khas aroma dan rasa yang kuat pada rokok kretek. Petani Kabupaten Temanggung menanam tembakau Varietas Kemloko, Varietas Kemloko dapat menghasilkan tembakau dengan kualitas super dengan kadar nikotin sekitar 3-8 %. Kebutuhan tembakau dari Kabupaten Temanggung sebesar 31.200 ton/tahun, namun tembakau yang dihasilkan dari Kabupaten Temanggung hanya sebesar 6.923 ton/tahun. Karakterisitik lahan diduga berpengaruh terhadap produksi dan mutu tembakau, karakteristik lahan sifat fisika tanah yang terdiri dari berat isi tanah, tekstur tanah, dan fraksi bahan kasar berkaitan erat terhadap penetrasi akar dalam tanah, drainase, aerasi dan nutrisi tanaman. Untuk meningkatkan produksi dan mutu tembakau temanggung perlu dilakukan penelitian untuk mengidentifikasi dan mengkaji pengaruh sifat fisika tekstur tanah, berat isi, dan fraksi bahan kasar terhadap produksi dan indeks mutu tanaman tembakau. Penelitian dilaksanakan di Kabupaten Temanggung, Jawa Tengah. Pelaksanaan penelitian dibagi menjadi dua kegiatan yaitu pengambilan contoh tanah dan kegiatan survei lapangan, kegiatan ini dilakukan pada bulan April 2016. Titik pengamatan sebanyak 105 titik sampel tersebar di tujuh sentra tembakau di Kabupaten Temanggung. Pengambilan sampel rajangan tembakau dan data wawancara produksi pada bulan Agustus -Desember 2016. Hasil penelitian menunjukkan produksi tertinggi pada Sentra Lamuk yaitu sebesar 609,05 kg.ha-' . Indeks mutu tertinggi terdapat pada Sentra Tionggang dan Sentra Lamuk masing - masing sebesar 48,00 dan 43,33, Analisa laboratorium menunjukkan bahwa rerata berat isi tanah berkisar antara 0,78g/cm3 sampai 1,07 g/cm3 semakin tinggi nilai berat isi maka tanah semakin padat sehingga akan mengganggu pertumbuhan dan penyerapan nutrisi tanaman, tekstur tanah didominasi tekstur lempung berdebu dan lempung berpasir tanaman tembakau yang ditanam pada tekstur tanah berpasir akan memiliki mutu yang lebih baik dibandingkan pada tekstur tanah liat, rerata fraksi bahan kasar tertingi terdapat pada sentra Lamuk yaitu sebesar 17 ,50 % dan rerata fraksi bahan kasar terendah pada Sentra Tualo 7 ,5% , semakin tinggi bahan kasar maka akan meningkatkan aerasi tanah dan pertumbuhan akar tembakau. Korelasi antara sifat fisika: tekstur tanah, berat isi tanah, dan fraksi bahan kasar nilai korelasi (r= >0,39) sangat lemah hal ini menunjukkan bahwa sifat fisika tanah tidak berpengaruh terhadap produksi dan indeks mutu tanaman tembakau. Penyebab rendahnya korelasi antara sifat fisika tanah dengan produksi dan mutu tembakau temanggung, pada tahun 2016 dipengaruhi oleh kondisi iklim basah dengan curah hujan sepanjang tahun.
English Abstract
Temanggung Regency is one of the regencies in Central Java which is famous for its Chopped tobacco, it has very good quality, and gives a strong aroma and taste to cigarettes. Temanggung Regency farmers plant Kemloko Varieties,of tobbaco which can produce super quality tobacco with nicotine content around 3- 8%. The need for tobacco from Temanggung Regency is 31,200 tons/year, but the tobacco produced from Temanggung Regency is only 6,923 tons/year, It is assumed that the land characteristics influence the tobacco production and quality, The land characteristic of soil physical properties, including soil density, soil texture, and rough matrial fraction which is highly releated to root penetration in the soil, drainage, aeration, and plant nutrition. To increase the production and quality of temanggung tobacco, research needs to be carried out to identify and to assess the effect of physical properties of soil texture, weight density, and the fraction of coarse material on the production and quality index of tobacco plants. The study was conducted in Temanggung Regency, Central Java. The research was divided into two activities, namely soil sampling, and field survey activities, this activity was conducted in April 2016. The observation points covered 105 sample points spread in seven tobacco centers in Temanggung Regency. The tobacco sampling and production interview data were conducted in August - December 2016. The results showed that the highest production was found at the Lamuk Center which was 609.05 kg.ha-1 . The highest quality indexes were found in Tionggang and Lamuk Centers 48.00 and 43.33 respectively. Laboratory analysis showed that the average soil weight density ranged from 0.78g I cm3 to 1.07 g I cm3 , the higher the weight density value, the more the soil dense so that it would interfere the growth and absorption of plant nutrients. The texture of the soil was dominated by the texture of silt loam and sandy loam. The tobacco plants planted on the sandy soil would have better quality than the plants which were planted in the texture of clay. The highest fraction of coarse material fraction was found in the center of Lamuk which was equal to 17.50% and the lowest average raw material fraction was found at Tualo Center which was 7.5%, the higher the coarse material, the higher the soil aeration and tobacco root growth. The correlation among physical properties: soil texture, soil weight density, and a coarse material fraction (r => 0.39) was very weak and showed that the physical properties of the soil did not affect the productivity and quality index of tobacco plants. The cause of the low correlation among the physical properties of the soil with the production and quality of the temanggung tobacco, in 2016 was influenced by wet climatic conditions with rainfall throughout the year.
| Item Type: | Thesis (Sarjana) |
|---|---|
| Identification Number: | SKR/FP/2019/217/051906960 |
| Uncontrolled Keywords: | - |
| Subjects: | 600 Technology (Applied sciences) > 679 Other products of specific kinds of materials > 679.7 Products of tobacco |
| Divisions: | Fakultas Pertanian > Ilmu Tanah |
| Depositing User: | Endang Susworini |
| Date Deposited: | 10 Aug 2020 06:49 |
| Last Modified: | 10 Aug 2020 06:49 |
| URI: | http://repository.ub.ac.id/id/eprint/173796 |
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