Laju Dekomposisi Biomassa Akar Halus Berbagai Pohon Di Berbagai Kondisi Lingkungan Menurut Metode Litter Transfer

Aprianti, Safira Eka (2019) Laju Dekomposisi Biomassa Akar Halus Berbagai Pohon Di Berbagai Kondisi Lingkungan Menurut Metode Litter Transfer. Sarjana thesis, Universitas Brawijaya.

Abstract

Kawasan UB Forest terdapat berbagai sistem penggunaan lahan salah satunya adalah berbagai jenis agroforestri. Perbedaan pengelolaan dari setiap lahan menyebabkan perbedaan kondisi lingkungan yang dapat berpengaruh terhadap kesuburan tanah. Salah satu faktor kesuburan tanah adalah seresah di permukaan tanah, tetapi juga dari akar tanaman yang mati di berbagai lapisan tanah. Peran akar dalam siklus karbon berpotensi penting dalam penyusunan bahan organik tanah dan siklus hara. Perbedaan kondisi lingkungan berpengaruh terhadap mikroorganisme tanah dan laju dekomposisi akar. Beberapa faktor yang mempengaruhi dekomposisi akar di antaranya adalah iklim mikro, organisme tanah, dan kualitas seresah akar. Tujuan dari penelitian ini adalah untuk mempelajari pengaruh perbedaan jenis akar dan sistem kondisi lingkungan terhadap laju dekomposisi akar di UB Forest dengan metode litter transfer. Penelitian dilaksanakan pada bulan Februari sampai April 2019 di UB Forest, Dusun Sumbersari, Kecamatan Karangploso, Kabupaten Malang, Jawa Timur. Data pendukung diuji menggunakan Rancangan Acak Kelompok ( R A K ) dengan sumber keragaman yaitu jenis seresah: akar halus pinus, akar halus kopi, dan akar halus mahoni yang diletakkan di beberapa lokasi, yaitu AF Pinus+Kopi, AF Mahoni+Kopi, dan AF Jeruk+Sayuran. Setiap kombinasi perlakuan diulang sebanyak 5 kali. Pengamatan kehilangan berat massa seresah dilakukan sebanyak 5 kali (1, 2, 4, 8 dan 12 minggu setelah aplikasi). Parameter lain yang diamati adalah karakteristik kimia bahan organik (C-Organik, N Total, Ca tersedia, Lignin, dan Polifenol), dan karakteristik tanah (tekstur, BI, BJ, pH, C-Organik, Ca, C-ref, dan N-total), dan iklim mikro masing-masing lokasi. Laju dekomposisi akar yang diletakkan di lingkungan asalnya dan lingkungan lain menunjukkan hasil yang berbeda. Hasil menunjukkan bahwa akar kopi mengalami dekomposisi yang paling cepat (k-value = 0,020, t50 = 35 minggu) yang terjadi di lokasi Agroforestri Jeruk + Sayuran (AF JS). Sedangkan akar yang paling lambat terdekomposisi adalah akar mahoni (k-value = 0,009-0,011, t50 = 63-77 minggu) di semua lokasi pengamatan. Akar mahoni mengalami Home-Field Advantage (akar mahoni lebih cepat terdekomposisi di lingkungannya sendiri) dengan k-value = 0,011 dan t50 = 63 minggu pada lokasi Agroforestri Mahoni+Kopi, dan HFA terjadi pada minggu ke-8 pengamatan. Laju dekomposisi akar lebih erat hubungannya dengan kualitas seresah dibandingkan dengan faktor eksternal. Kualitas bahan organik yaitu kandungan lignin, polifenol dan nitrogen (L+P)/N berpengaruh lebih kuat dibandingkan dengan kualitas bahan organik lainnya dalam proses dekomposisi akar.

English Abstract

UB Forest area has various land use systems, one of the land use system is various types of agroforestry. Differences in management of each land cause different environmental conditions that can affect soil fertility. One of the factors of soil fertility is litter on the soil surface, but also from the dead roots in various layers of soil. The role of roots in the carbon cycle is potentially important in the input of soil organic matter and nutrient cycles. Different environmental conditions affect soil microorganisms and the rate of root decomposition. Some of the factors that influence root decomposition include microclimate, soil organisms, and root litter quality. The purpose of this research is to study the effect of different types of fine roots and environmental conditions on the rate of fine root decomposition in UB Forest with the litter transfer method. The research was conducted from February to April 2019 at UB Forest, Sumbersari Hamlet, Karangploso District, Malang Regency, East Java. The data were analyzed using Randomized Block Design (RAK) with various litter types; pine, coffee and mahogany fine roots that placed in various location; Pine AF + Coffee, Mahogany AF + Coffee, and Orange AF + Vegetables. Each treatment combination was repeated 5 times. Observation of weight loss during decomposition was done 5 times (1, 2, 4, 8 and 12 weeks after application). Other parameters observed were chemical characteristics of organic matter (C-Organic, Total N, available Ca, Lignin, and Polyphenols), and soil characteristics (texture, BI, BJ, pH, C-Organic, Ca, C-ref, and N -total), and microclimate of each observation location. The rate of fine root decomposition placed in the original environment and other environments showed different results. The results showed that coffee roots experienced the fastest decomposition (k-value = 0.020, t50 = 35 weeks) than other roots, which occurred at the orange + vegetable agroforestry location, whereas the mahogany roots decomposed slowest (k-value = 0.009-0.011 and t50 = 63-77 weeks) at all observation locations. Mahogany fine roots experienced Home-Field Advantage (mahogany roots decomposed faster in their own environment) with a k-value 0.011 and t50 = 63 weeks at the mahogany + coffee agroforestry location that occurs in the 8th week of observation. The rate of fine root decomposition is more closely related to litter quality compared to the external factors. The quality of organic matter, such as lignin contents, polyphenols and nitrogen (L + P) / N, has a stronger effect compared to the quality of other organic materials in the root decomposition process.

Other obstract

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Item Type:	Thesis (Sarjana)
Identification Number:	SKR/FP/2019/742/051907626
Subjects:	600 Technology (Applied sciences) > 631 Specific techniques; apparatus, equipment materials > 631.4 Soil science > 631.43 Soil physics > 631.433 Soil mechanics
Divisions:	Fakultas Pertanian > Ilmu Tanah
Depositing User:	Nur Cholis
Date Deposited:	24 Aug 2020 07:18
Last Modified:	06 Oct 2023 04:04
URI:	http://repository.ub.ac.id/id/eprint/173586

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