Barasa, Binsar Mangatas Tua (2019) Pengaruh Tingkat Tutupan Kanopi Pohon Terhadap Nilai Erodibilitas Di Ub Forest. Sarjana thesis, Universitas Brawijaya.
Abstract
Salah satu variasi tutupan lahan adalah tutupan kanopi, faktor kanopi berhubungan dengan kemampuan vegetasi dalam mengintersepsi air hujan yang mampu mengurangi energi penyebab terjadinya erosi percik. Tutupan Kanopi secara alami dapat memperkecil jumlah air hujan lansung mengenai tanah, dan dapat menekan laju erosi. Dari beberapa faktor penyebab erosi, salah satu faktor erosi adalah erodibilitas tanah. Dengan tutupan kanopi pohon secara alami dapat menekan laju erosi, secara langsung tutupan kanopi dapat menekan nilai erodibilitas. Erodibilitas tanah adalah mudah atau tidaknya suatu tanah untuk dihancurkan oleh kekuatan butir-butir hujan yang mengenai tanah. Nilai erodibilitas pada penelitian ini dihitung dengan persamaan Wischmeier and Smith (1978), sebelum penentuan nilai erodibilitas harus diketahui terlebih dahulu sifat fisik (tekstur, struktur, permebealitas) dan kimia tanah (bahan organik tanah). Penelitian dilaksanakan pada awal April sampai Juni 2019, tahapan penelitian dimulai survei lapang, penentuan plot penelitian, pengambilan sampel tanah, analisis laboratorium hingga analisis data. Lokasi dan lahan penelitian yang digunakan berada di UB Forest yang terletak di Dusun Sumberwangi, Desa Tawangargo, Kabupaten Malang. Penentuan plot berdasarkan tingkat tutupan kanopi pohon pinus diukur menggunakan aplikasi Canopy app, dari hasil persentase menggunakan aplikasi Canopy app dilakukan pengkelasan tutupan kanopi yaitu tingkat tutupan kanopi pinus rapat, sedang dan jarang. Berdasarkan tingkat tutupan kanopi yang diketahui, selanjutnya dibuat plot penelitian. Plot penelitian berukuran 30x30 meter dan didalam plot tersebut dibuat sub plot berukuran 10x10 meter yang berfungsi sebagai ulangan. Dari pengkelasan tersebuy digunakan sebagai perlakukan untuk pengambilan sampel tanah yang digunakan dalam menganalisis sifat fisik dan kimia. Pengambilan sampel tanah dilakukan pada kedalaman 0-20 cm dan 20-40 cm dengan sampel tanah utuh (tidak terganggu) dan sampel tanah terganggu dengan kedalaman yang sama. Untuk analisa sampel tanah dilakukan di laboratorium fisika dan kimia tanah Fakultas Pertanian Universitas Brawijaya. Hasil penelitian ini menunjukkan tingkat tutupan kanopi pinus memberikan pengaruh terhadap sifat fisik, kimia tanah dan nilai erodibilitas tanah. Dari analisis sampel tanah yang telah dilakukan untuk mengetahui sifat fisik, kimia tanah secara keseluruhan tutupan kanopi pinus rapat lebih baik dibanding tutupan kanopi pinus sedang dan jarang. Dari sifat fisik dan kimia tanah yang didapat tentunya mempengaruhi nilai erodibilitas tanah. Setelah dianalisis dengan menggunakan persamaan Wischmeier-Smith, 1998 diketahui nilai erodibilitas tanah. Nilai erodibilitas tanah pada tutupan kanopi rapat sebesar 0,07 dengan kelas sangat rendah. Pada tutupan kanopi pinus sedang nilai erodibilitas tanah sebesar 0,21 dengan kelas sedang. Pada tutupan kanopi pinus jarang nilai erodibilitas tanah sebesar 0,34 dengan kelas tinggi. Dari hasil penelitian yang telah dilakukan dapat diambil kesimpulan bahwa semakin tinggi tingkat tutupan kanopi maka, nilai erodibilitas tanah dapat ditekan
English Abstract
One of the land cover variations is canopy cover, the canopy factor is related to the vegetation capability to intercept the rainwater which may reduce the energy causing splash erosion. Canopy cover can naturally reduce the amount of rainwater that hits the ground, and can also reduce erosion. From some of the factors causing erosion, one of the factors erosion is soil erodibility. Canopy cover can naturally reduce the rate of erosion, directly canopy caover can reduce the value of erodibility. Soil erodibility is the intrinsic susceptibility of a soil to erosion by runoff and raindrop impact. Erodibility values of this study calculated by the Wischmeier and Smith (1978) equation. Before determining the erodibility values, it must be known in advance the soil physical properties (texture, structure, permebeality) as well as the soil chemical properties (soil organic matter). The study was conducted in early April to June 2019. The research phase began with a field survey, research plot determination, soil sampling, laboratory analysis up to the data analysis. The study area was in UB Forest, located in Sumberwang Hamlet, Tawangargo Village, Malang Regency. The determination of the research plot was based on the level of canopy cover of pine trees measured by using the Canopy app. By the percentage results using the Canopy app, the canopy cover was classified into the dense, medium, and sparse level of pine canopy cover. Based on the level of canopy cover, the research plot was determined. The research plot was 30x30 meters in size and a 10x10 meter sub-plot was made in the plot which required for the sampling repetition. The canopy cover classification was carried out for soil sampling which aims to analyze the physical and chemical properties. Soil sampling was done at depths of 0-20 cm and 20-40 cm with undisturbed soil samples and disturbed soil samples at the same depth. Soil sample analysis was conducted in the soil physics and chemistry laboratory of the Faculty of Agriculture, Brawijaya University. The results of this study indicated the level of pine canopy cover affects the physical and chemical properties of the soil, as well as the soil erodibility value. By the analysis of soil samples that has been conducted to determine the physical and chemical properties, on the whole, dense pine canopy cover is superior to medium and sparse pine canopy. The physical and chemical properties of the soil obtained certainly affect the soil erodibility value. After being analyzed by using the Wischmeier-Smith (1998) equation the value of soil erodibility then can be known. The soil erodibility value of the dense canopy cover is 0.07 with very low class. In the medium pine canopy cover, the soil erodibility value is 0.21 with medium class. In the dense pine canopy cover, the soil erodibility value is 0.34 with high class. Based on results of the study, it can be concluded that the higher the level of canopy cover, the more the soil erodibility can be reduced.
| Item Type: | Thesis (Sarjana) |
|---|---|
| Identification Number: | SKR/FP/2019/716/051907596 |
| Subjects: | 600 Technology (Applied sciences) > 631 Specific techniques; apparatus, equipment materials > 631.4 Soil science > 631.45 Soil erosion |
| Divisions: | Fakultas Pertanian > Ilmu Tanah |
| Depositing User: | Nur Cholis |
| Date Deposited: | 24 Aug 2020 07:18 |
| Last Modified: | 24 Aug 2020 07:18 |
| URI: | http://repository.ub.ac.id/id/eprint/173582 |
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