Ahmad, Mauludin (2019) Respon Pertumbuhan dan Hasil Bawang Merah (Allium Ascalonicum L.) akibat Perlakuan Dosis Pupuk Organik. Sarjana thesis, Universitas Brawijaya.
Abstract
Bawang merah (Allium ascalonicum L.) adalah komoditas sayuran yang digunakan sebagai rempah. Budidaya bawang merah di Indonesia sangat potensial, permintaan bawang merah dari tahun ketahun selalu meningkan sejalan dengan kenaikan jumlah penduduk di Indonesia. Menurut Data dan Sistem Informasi Pertanian (2015) permintaan kebutuhan masyarakat Indonesia akan selalu meningkat dan diproyeksikan peningkatan tersebut sebesar 2,50 kg/kap/tahun. Prodiktivitas bawang merah di Indonesia rata-rata saat ini mencapai 10,22 ton/ha (Direktorat Jenderal Hortikultura, 2014). Sementara potensi produktivitas bawang merah menurut (Sumarni dan Achmad, 2005) dapat mencapai > 13 ton/ha untuk musim hujan dan > 25 ton/ha saat musim kemarau. Penyebab belum optimalnya produktivitas bawang merah dikarenakan penurunan kesuburan tanah, disebabkan pengunaan pupuk anorganik terus-menerus. Solusi yang bisa diterapkan salah satunya adalah pengurangan pupuk organik yang dapat memperbaikinya. Maka dari itu, penting mengetahui pengaruh pupuk organik terhadap bawang merah. Penelitian dilaksanakan pada kebun percobaan Agro Techno Park (ATP) Jatikerto kecamatan Kromengan Kabupaten Malang. Analisis tanah dan serapan unsur hara pada tanaman bawang merah dilakukan pada Laboratorium Kimia tanah Fakultas Pertanian Universitas Brawijaya. Waktu pelaksanaan penelitian dilaksanakan bulan November 2018 sampai Januari 2019. Penelitian dilaksanakan menggunakan Rancangan Acak Kelompok (RAK) sederhana dengan 6 kombinasi perlakuan yaitu (P0) Kontrol = Pupuk anorganik Urea 400 kg/ha, SP36 250 kg/ha dan KCl 200 kg/ha. (P1)= Pupuk organik 6 ton/ha + pupuk anorganik Urea 200 kg/ha, SP36 150 kg/ha dan KCl 100 kg/ha, (P2) = Pupuk organik 8 ton/ha + pupuk anorganik Urea 200 kg/ha, SP36 150 kg/ha dan KCl 100 kg/ha, (P3) = Pupuk organik 10 ton/ha + pupuk anorganik Urea 200 kg/ha, SP36 150 kg/ha dan KCl 100 kg/ha, (P4)= pupuk organik12 ton/ha + pupuk anorganik Urea 200 kg/ha, SP36 150 kg/ha dan KCl 100 kg/ha dan (P5) = pupuk organik 14 ton/ha + pupuk anorganik Urea 200 kg/ha, SP36 150 kg/ha dan KCl 100 kg/ha. Pengamatan percobaan terdiri sampel non destruktif (panjang tanaman, jumlah daun jumlah anakan dan kandungan klorofil), destruktif (jumlah umbi dan bobot umbi), pengamatan panen (bobot umbi per rumpun dan bobot umbi perhektar) dan pegamatan tambahan (analisa kandungan awal unsur hara tanah dan analisa serapan unsur hara tanaman). Hasil penelitian ini menunjukkan pupuk organik berpengaruh nyata terhadap pertumbuhan bawang merah yaitu panjang tanaman dan kandungan klorofil daun, tetapi tidak berpengaruh nyata terhadap jumlah anakan dan jumlah daun Aplikasi pupuk organik berpengaruh nyata terhadap hasil bawang merah yaitu jumlah umbi, bobot umbi segar, bobot umbi kering dan produksi per hektar tanaman bawang merah. Aplikasi pupuk organik tidak berpengaruh nyata terhadap serapan N, P dan K bawang merah. Penggunaan pupuk organik 10 ton/ha dapat mengurangi penggunaan dosis pupuk anorganik 50% rekomendasi menjadi menjadi (200 kg/ha Urea, 150 kg/ha SP36 dan 100 kg/ha KCl).
English Abstract
Shallot (Allium ascalonicum L.) is a vegetable that is used as an herrb. Shallot cultivation in Indonesia is very potential, the demand for shallots from year to year is always increasing demand with an increase in the population in Indonesia. Data dan Sistem Informasi Pertanian (2015) the demand for the needs of the people of Indonesia will always increase and is projected to increase by 2.50 kg / cap / year. Onion production in Indonesia on average currently reaches 10.22 tons / ha ((Direktorat Jenderal Hortikultura, 2014).). While the economic potential of shallots (Sumarni dan Achmad, 2005) can reach> 13 tons / ha for the rainy season and> 25 tons / ha during the dry season. The cause of not yet optimal production of shallots is due to a decrease in soil fertility, causing continuous use of inorganic fertilizers. One solution that can be applied is the application of organic fertilizer that can fix it. Therefore, it is important to know the effect of organic fertilizer on shallots. The location of the study was conducted at the Agro Techno Park (ATP) experimental garden in Jatikerto, Kromengan sub-district, Malang Regency. Analysis of soil and nutrient uptake on shallots was carried out at the Laboratory of Soil Chemistry, Faculty of Agriculture, Universitas Brawijaya. The time of the research was carried out from November 2018 to January 2019. The research was carried out using a simple Randomized Block Design with 6 treatment combinations (P0) Control = Inorganic fertilizer Urea 400 kg / ha, SP36 250 kg / ha and KCl 200 kg / ha , (P1) = Organic fertilizer 6 tons / ha + inorganic fertilizer Urea 200 kg / ha, SP36 150 kg / ha and KCl 100 kg / ha, (P2) = organic fertilizer 8 tons / ha + inorganic fertilizer Urea 200 kg / ha, SP36 150 kg / ha and KCl 100 kg / ha, (P3) = Organic fertilizer 10 tons / ha + inorganic fertilizers Urea 200 kg / ha, SP36 150 kg / ha and KCl 100 kg / ha, (P4) = organic fertilizer 12 tons / ha + inorganic fertilizer Urea 200 kg / ha, SP36 150 kg / ha and KCl 100 kg / ha and (P5) = organic fertilizer 14 tons / ha + inorganic fertilizer Urea 200 kg / ha, SP36 150 kg / ha and KCl 100 kg / ha. Experimental observations consisted of non-destructive (plant length, number of leaves, number of tillers and the content of chlorophyll leaves), destructive (number of tubers and tuber weight), harvest observations ( tuber weight and tuber weight per hectare) and additional observations (content analysis soil nutrients and analysis of plant nutrient uptake). Results of this study organic fertilizer a significant on the growth of long shallots of plants and the content of chlorophyll leaves, but has no significant on the number of saplings and the number of leaves application of organic fertilizer a significant the yield of shallot amounts of tuber, fresh weight bulbs, dry weight and production per hectare of red onion plants. Application of organic fertilizer has no significant on the uptake of N, P and K shallots. The use of organic fertilizer 10 ton/Ha in shallots can reduce the use of inorganic fertilizer dose 1/2 recommended to be (200 kg/ha Urea, 150 kg/ha SP36 and 100 kg/ha KCl).
| Item Type: | Thesis (Sarjana) |
|---|---|
| Identification Number: | SKR/FP/2019/414/051907152 |
| Uncontrolled Keywords: | - |
| Subjects: | 600 Technology (Applied sciences) > 635 Garden crops (Horticulture) > 635.2 Edible tubers and bulbs > 635.26 Alliaceous plants / Garlic |
| Divisions: | Fakultas Pertanian > Agroekoteknologi |
| Depositing User: | soegeng sugeng |
| Date Deposited: | 23 Oct 2019 08:52 |
| Last Modified: | 15 Jul 2022 02:51 |
| URI: | http://repository.ub.ac.id/id/eprint/173477 |
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