Setiawan, Indra Karra (2019) Uji Daya Hasil 6 Genotipe Tanaman Cabai Besar (Capsicum Annuum L.) Di Dataran Tinggi. Sarjana thesis, Universitas Brawijaya.
Abstract
Cabai besar ialah sayuran yang dapat dikonsumsi secara langsung maupun tidak langsung. Tanaman cabai dapat tumbuh pada dataran tinggi. Meskipun memiliki daya adaptasi yang cukup luas namun pertumbuhan tanaman cabai pada dataran tinggi masih tergolong lambat jika dibandingkan pada dataran rendah atau medium. Pada tahun 2015 produksi cabai besar ialah 1.045.200 ton/ha dan terus meningkat hingga mencapai 1.206.266 ton/ha pada tahun 2017. Meskipun jumlah produksi meningkat, pada tahun 2015 produktivitas cabai besar hanya sebesar 7,49 ton/ha, sedangkan potensi produktivitas cabai besar bisa mencapai 12 ton/ha. Salah satu cara untuk mengatasinya ialah dengan menghasilkan varietas unggul baru berdaya hasil tinggi melalui kegiatan pemuliaan tanaman dengan ciri dapat beradaptasi pada dataran tinggi. Tujuan dari penelitian ini ialah mengetahui daya hasil 6 calon varietas hibrida cabai besar (Capsicum annuum L.) pada lingkungan dataran tinggi. Hipotesis penelitian ini ialah minimal satu calon varietas hibrida cabai besar memiliki daya hasil tinggi pada lingkungan dataran tinggi. Penelitian ini dilaksanakan pada bulan November 2018 hingga april 2019. Tempat penelitian berlokasi di kebun percobaan stasiun pengujian BUSS, Lembang. Rancangan yang digunakan ialah RAK (Rancangan Acak Kelompok) dengan 8 perlakuan dan 4 ulangan. Setiap perlakuan berisi 20 tanaman. Lahan penelitian juga akan ditanami tanaman jagung sebagai tanaman pagar. Pengamatan dilakukan pada setiap ulangan genotipe tanaman. Setiap satu ulangan genotipe diambil 10 sampel tanaman. Karakter yang diamati terdiri dari karakter kuantitatif dan karakter kualitatif. Karakter kuantitatif meliputi tinggi tanaman, diameter batang, lebar tajuk, panjang daun, lebar daun, umur berbunga, jumlah bunga, umur panen, jumlah buah, bobot buah, bobot buah per tanaman, panjang buah, diameter buah, dan bobot 1.000 biji. Karakter kualitatif meliputi, orientasi tanaman, intensitas pewarnaan antosianin pada buku, bentuk daun, orientasi pedunkel cabai, pemunculan stigma cabai, warna buah mentah, warna buah masak, posisi buah, dan bentuk ujung buah. Data kuantitatif di analisis dengan menggunakan analisis ragam uji F pada taraf 5%. Jika terdapat pengaruh nyata maka dilanjutkan dengan uji DMRT pada taraf 5%. Analisis data kuantitatif menggunakan aplikasi DAASTAT. Data kualitatif digunakan sebagai informasi tambahan pada deskripsi masingmasing genotip. Hasil penelitian ini menunjukkan bahwa seluruh genotip harapan memiliki potensi hasil yang lebih tinggi dari varietas pembanding. Seluruh genotip harapan F1 mampu beradaptasi dengan baik pada lingkungan dataran tinggi. Masing-masing genotip harapan memiliki nilai komponen pertumbuhan dan hasil yang berbeda serta karakter kualitatif sebagai ciri khas suatu genotip sehingga mampu menambah pilihan bagi petani.
English Abstract
Chili is a vegetable that can be consumed directly or indirectly. Chili can grow in the highlands. Even though it has a fairly extensive adaptability, the growth of chili plants in the highlands is still relatively slow compared to the lowlands or medium. In 2015 large chili production was 1,045,200 tons/ha and continued to increase to reach 1,206,266 tons/ha in 2017. Although the amount of production increased, in 2015 the productivity of large chili was only 7.49 tons/ha, while the potential for large chili productivity can reach 12 tons/ha. One way to overcome this is to produce new high yielding varieties through plant breeding activities with characteristics that can adapt to the highlands. The purpose of this study was to determine the yield strength of 6 prospective large chili (Capsicum annuum L.) hybrids in the highland environment. The research hypothesis is that at least one prospective large chili hybrid variety has high yield in highland environments. This research was conducted from November 2018 to April 2019. The research site was located in the experimental garden of the BUSS testing station, Lembang. The design was used RBD (Randomized Block Design) with 8 treatments and 4 replications. Each treatment contains 20 plants. The research land will also be planted with corn as hedgerows. The measureent were made on each replication of plant genotypes. Each replication of the genotype was taken 10 plant samples. The characters observed consisted of quantitative characters and qualitative characters. Quantitative characters include plant height, stem diameter, leaf length, leaf width, flowering age, flower number, harvest age, number of fruits, fruit weight, fruit weight per plant, fruit length, fruit diameter, and weight of 1.000 seeds. Qualitative characters include, type of growth, intensity of anthocyanin staining on the stem, leaf shape, position of chili flowers, position of chili pistil, raw fruit color, ripe fruit color, fruit position, and shape of fruit tip Quantitative data were analyzed using analysis of the F test variety at the level of 5%. If there is significanydifferent, then proceed with the DMRT test at the level of 5%. Quantitative data analysis will use the DAASTAT application. Qualitative data used as additional information on the description of each genotype. The results of this study indicated that all promising genotypes have higher potential yields than comparable varieties. All F1 genotypes were able to adapted well to highland environments. Each expectation genotype has different values of growth and yield components as well and qualitative characteristics as a characteristic of each genotype so that it can increase choices for farmers.
Other obstract
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| Item Type: | Thesis (Sarjana) |
|---|---|
| Identification Number: | SKR/FP/2019/104/051906821 |
| Subjects: | 600 Technology (Applied sciences) > 633 Field and plantation crops > 633.8 Other crops grown for industrial processing > 633.84 Hot spices |
| Divisions: | Fakultas Pertanian > Budidaya Pertanian |
| Depositing User: | Nur Cholis |
| Date Deposited: | 24 Aug 2020 07:15 |
| Last Modified: | 21 Oct 2021 07:12 |
| URI: | http://repository.ub.ac.id/id/eprint/173430 |
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