Putri, Liffika Andika (2019) Analisis Pertumbuhan Dan Hasil Aksesi Jahe Gajah ( Zingiber Officinale Var Offichinarum) Di Dataran Tinggi. Sarjana thesis, Universitas Brawijaya.
Abstract
Jahe (Zingiber officinale) termasuk jenis tanaman yang termasuk kedalam famili Zingiberaceae. Bagian tanaman jahe yang dimanfaatkan ialah rimpangnya untuk bumbu dapur dan bahan baku industri obat tradisional, makanan dan minuman. Produksi jahe nasional dari tahun ke tahun mengalami peningkatan. Sentra produksi jahe terbesar di Indonesia adalah Provinsi Jawa Timur dengan total produksi 65.028 ton ha-1 atau menyumbang sekitar 27,74% dari total produksi jahe nasional (BPS,2017). Pada tahun 2018, Azizah et al. telah melakukan koleksi 9 aksesi jahe gajah dari 7 kabupaten yaitu Ngawi,Trenggalek, Malang, Sumenep, Mojokerto, Pasuruan dan Banyuwangi. Aksesi jahe gajah yang telah dikoleksi tersebut memiliki potensi hasil yang berbeda. Salah satu hal yang diduga menjadi perbedaan potensi produksi setiap aksesi jahe ialah faktor lingkungan tumbuh yang beragam. Oleh karena itu, penelitian ini bertujuan untuk membandingkan pertumbuhan dan hasil 9 aksesi jahe gajah, serta untuk mendapatkan aksesi jahe gajah yang berpotensi memiliki daya hasil tinggi untuk ditanam di dataran tinggi (UB Forest). Penelitian ini telah dilaksanakan pada bulan Desember 2018 hingga Juni 2019 di lahan percobaan kawasan UB Forest tepatnya di lereng gunung arjuna yang terletak di Desa Tawangargo, Kecamatan Karangploso, Kabupaten Malang. Penelitian ini menggunakan Rancangan Acak Kelompok (RAK) dengan 9 aksesi jahe gajah yang berasal dari beberapa Kabupaten di Jawa Timur, yaitu JG M Jb(Jahe Gajah Jabung,Malang), JG Sm (Jahe Gajah Sumenep), JG M Kr (Jahe Gajah Karangploso,Malang), JG Nw (Jahe Gajah Ngawi), JG Mj (Jahe Gajah Mojokerto), JG Ps (Jahe Gajah Pasuruan), JG Bw (Jahe Gajah Banyuwangi), JG TgSd (Jahe Gajah Sidomulyo,Trenggalek), dan JG b (Jahe Gajah Pule,Trenggalek). Pengamatan dilakukan secara destruktif dan panen. Variabel pengamatan pertumbuhan tanaman secara destruktif meliputi tinggi tanaman, jumlah daun, luas daun, panjang akar, jumlah akar, jumlah anakan, persentase tumbuh, jumlah ruas rimpang per tanaman, panjang rimpang, diameter rimpang, rata-rata bobot kering total tanaman, jumlah anakan, kandungan klorofil, kadar air rimpang, laju pertumbuhan tanaman, bobot segar rimpang total per tanaman dan bobot segar rimpang total per hektar. Variabel pengamatan panen meliputi jumlah ruas rimpang per tanaman, panjang rimpang, diameter rimpang, kadar air rimpang, bobot segar rimpang total per tanaman, bobot segar rimpang per hektar yang dilakukan saat tanaman berumur 6 bulan setelah tanam. Data pengamatan yang diperoleh dianalisis menggunakan uji ragam (uji F) pada taraf 5% untuk mengetahui pengaruh lingkungan maupun genetik terhadap pertumbuhan tanaman. Apabila hasilnya berbeda nyata, maka dilanjutkan dengan uji Duncan pada taraf 5% . Hasil penelitian menunjukkan bahwa variabel pengamatan tinggi tanaman, jumlah daun, luas daun, panjang akar, jumlah akar, jumlah anakan, persentase tumbuh, jumlah ruas rimpang, panjang rimpang, diameter rimpang, laju pertumbuhan tanaman, kadar air, bobot segar rimpang per tanaman dan bobot segar rimpang per hektar menunjukkan hasil yang berbeda nyata, sedangkanvariabel pengamatan kandungan klorofil tidak berbeda nyata pada semua aksesi. Aksesi jahe gajah yang berpotensi memiliki daya hasil tinggi dan ditanam di dataran tinggi yaitu aksesi JG Nw (Ngawi), JG Ps (Pasuruan), JG M Jb (Jabung,Malang), JG Mj (Mojokerto), dan JG Sm (Sumenep) masing-masing memberikan hasil rimpang jahe gajah sebesar 64,91 g tan-1, 60,31 g tan-1, 50,64 g tan-1, 48,33 g tan-1 dan 46,79 g tan-1.
English Abstract
Ginger (Zingiber officinale) is a type of plant that belongs to the Zingiberaceae family. Part of the ginger plant that is used is the rhizome for spices and raw materials for traditional medicine, food and beverage industries. National ginger production from year to year has increased. The largest center of ginger production in Indonesia is East Java Province with a total production of 65,028 tons ha-1 or contributing around 27.74% of the total national ginger production (BPS, 2017). In 2018, Azizah et al. has collected 9 accessions of big white ginger from 7 districts namely Ngawi, Trenggalek, Malang, Sumenep, Mojokerto, Pasuruan and Banyuwangi. The big white ginger accessions that have been collected have different potential results. One of the things that is thought to be a difference in the production potential of each of the ginger accessions is a diverse growth environment factor. Therefore, this study aims to compare the growth and yields of 9 big white ginger accessions, and to obtain big white ginger accessions that have the potential to have high yields to be planted in the highlands (UB Forest). This research was conducted in December 2018 to June 2019 in the experimental area of the UB Forest area precisely on the slopes of Mount Arjuna located in Tawangargo Village, Karangploso District, Malang Regency. This study uses a Randomized Block Design (RBD) with 9 accessions of big white ginger originating from several regencies in East Java, namely JG M Jb(Jahe Gajah Jabung,Malang), JG Sm (Jahe Gajah Sumenep), JG M Kr (Jahe Gajah Karangploso,Malang), JG Nw (Jahe Gajah Ngawi), JG Mj (Jahe Gajah Mojokerto), JG Ps (Jahe Gajah Pasuruan), JG Bw (Jahe Gajah Banyuwangi), JG TgSd (Jahe Gajah Sidomulyo,Trenggalek), dan JG b (Jahe Gajah Pule,Trenggalek). Observations carried out destructive and harvested. Destructive observation of plant growth include plant height, number of leaves, leaf area, root length, number of roots, number of tillers, percentage of growth, number of plantations, rhizome length, rhizome diameter, average plant dry weight, number of tillers, chlorophyll content, water content of rhizomes, plant growth rates, fresh weight of total rhizomes per plant and fresh weight of total rhizomes per hectare. The parameters of harvest observations included the number of rhizomes per plant, rhizome length, rhizome diameter, rhizome moisture content, total wet rhizome weight per plant, rhizome wet weight per hectare which was carried out when the plants were 6 months after planting. Observation data obtained were analyzed using a variety test (F test) at the level of 5% to determine the environmental and genetic influences on plant growth. If the results are significantly different, then proceed with the Duncan test at the level of 5%. The results showed that the variables of plant height, number of leaves, leaf area, root length, number of roots, number of tillers, percentage of growth, number of rhizomes, rhizome length, rhizome diameter, plant growth rate, water content, fresh weight of rhizomes per plant and the fresh weight of rhizomes per hectare showed significantly different results, while the observed variable of chlorophyll content was not significantly different in all accessions. Big whiteginger accessions that have the potential to have high yields and are planted in the highlands are the accessions of JG Nw (Ngawi), JG Ps (Pasuruan), JG M Jb (Jabung,Malang), JG Mj (Mojokerto), and JG Sm (Sumenep) each giving the results of an big white ginger rhizome of 64.91 g tan-1, 60, 31 g tan-1, 50.64 g tan-1, 48.33 g tan-1 and 46.79 g tan-1.
Other obstract
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| Item Type: | Thesis (Sarjana) |
|---|---|
| Identification Number: | SKR/FP/2019/94/051906811 |
| Subjects: | 600 Technology (Applied sciences) > 633 Field and plantation crops > 633.8 Other crops grown for industrial processing > 633.85 Plants producing nonvolatile oils > 633.851 Oil palms > 633.851 8 Special cultivation methods; Fertilizers, soil conditioners, growth regulators |
| Divisions: | Fakultas Pertanian > Budidaya Pertanian |
| Depositing User: | Nur Cholis |
| Date Deposited: | 24 Aug 2020 07:11 |
| Last Modified: | 21 Oct 2021 06:54 |
| URI: | http://repository.ub.ac.id/id/eprint/173349 |
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