Adirama, Ririe Arjune (2019) Pengaruh Mulsa dan Pupuk Bokashi pada Pertumbuhan dan Hasil Tanaman Bit Merah (Beta vulgaris L.) di Dataran Rendah. Sarjana thesis, Universitas Brawijaya.
Abstract
Bit merah merupakan tanaman semusim dengan akar tunggang yang tumbuh menjadi umbi. Salah satu permasalahan yang terjadi dalam budidaya bit merah adalah kondisi lingkungan untuk budidaya bit merah yang terbatas. Upaya dalam meningkatkan produksi bit merah yaitu modifikasi iklim mikro tanaman dengan pemanfaatan dataran rendah sebagai lahan budidaya dengan pemberian mulsa serta pupuk organik. Mulsa plastik hitam perak memberikan pengaruh terhadap suhu dan kelembaban didalam dan dipermukaan tanah. Pemberian pupuk organik bokashi mampu memperbaiki kondisi tanah dalam menjaga kelembaban dan kadar air didalamnya sehingga dapat menunjang pertumbuhan tanaman. Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk mempelajari dan mendapatkan kombinasi antara pengaruh mulsa dan dosis pupuk bokashi yang tepat terhadap manipulasi iklim mikro tanaman bit merah didataran rendah. Hipotesis yang diajukan adalah penggunaan mulsa plastik hitam perak dengan dosis pupuk 30 ton ha-1 mampu memberikan iklim mikro yang sesuai sehingga dapat meningkatkan pertumbuhan dan hasil umbi bit merah. Penelitian dilaksanakan di Agro Techno Park kebun Jatikerto Universitas Brawijaya Malang bulan Desember 2018 hingga Maret 2019. Alat yang digunakan adalah penggaris, timbangan analitik, meteran, gembor, Leaf Area Meter, jangka sorong, Royale Horticultural Society (RHS colour chart), cetok, cangkul, oven, alat tulis, termometer tanah, soiltester, lux meter dan thermohygrometer. Bahan yang digunakan adalah benih bit merah, mulsa plastik hitam perak, dan pupuk bokashi. Penelitian menggunakan Rancangan Acak Kelompok (RAK) dengan 6 perlakuan yang diulang sebanyak 4 kali sehingga diperoleh 24 satuan perlakuan. Pengamatan yang dilakukan meliputi pengamatan pertumbuhan (luas daun, panjang tanaman, jumlah daun dan warna daun), hasil (diameter umbi, berat segar umbi, berat segar tanaman, berat kering tanaman, produktivitas umbi, warna umbi dan grading ukuran umbi), dan lingkungan (suhu tanah, kelembaban tanah, cahaya pantul, suhu udara, dan kelembaban udara). Data pengamatan dianalisis menggunakan analisis data (uji F) dengan taraf 5% dan dilanjutkan uji BNJ dengan taraf 5%. Hasil penelitian menunjukkan perlakuan tanpa mulsa dengan penambahan pupuk bokashi 20 ton ha-1 mampu memberikan hasil yang berbeda tidak nyata pada parameter panjang tanaman diameter umbi, berat segar umbi, berat kering tanaman dan produktivitas umbi dengan perlakuan permberian pupuk organik bokashi dengan dosis perlakuan tertinggi. Selisih hasil produktivitas umbi bit merah didataran rendah perlakuan tanpa mulsa + pupuk bokashi 10 ton ha-1 dengan perlakuan tanpa mulsa + pupuk bokashi 30 ton ha-1 yaitu 8,4 ton ha-1 atau 17,7% dan selisih hasil produktivitas umbi bit merah antara perlakuan penggunaan MPHP + pupuk bokashi 10 ton ha-1 dengan perlakuan penggunaan MPHP + pupuk bokashi 30 ton ha-1 yaitu 6,4 ton ha-1 atau 13,7%
English Abstract
Red beet is an annual plant with taproots that grows into tubers. One of the problems that occur in the cultivation of red beets is the environmental conditions for the cultivation of limited red beets. Efforts to increase the production of red beet, namely modification of plant microclimate with the use of lowlands as cultivation land by giving mulch and organic fertilizer. Black silver plastic mulch has an influence on temperature and humidity inside and on the surface of the ground. Provision of bokashi organic fertilizer can improve soil conditions in maintaining moisture and moisture content in it so that it can support plant growth. This study aims to study and obtain a combination of the influence of mulch and doses of bokashi fertilizer on the manipulation of microbial red beetles in the lowlands. The hypothesis proposed is the use of black silver plastic mulch with a dose of 30 tons ha-1 fertilizer is able to provide a suitable microclimate so that it can increase the growth and yield of red beet tuber. The research was conducted at Agro Techno Park in Jatikerto Gardens, Brawijaya University, Malang in December 2018 to March 2019. The tools used were ruler, analytical scales, meter, stringent, Leaf Area Meter, sorong term, Royale Horticultural Society (RHS color chart), sparkle, hoe , oven, stationery, soil thermometer, soiltester, lux meter and thermohygrometer. The ingredients used are red beet seeds, black silver plastic mulch, and bokashi fertilizer. The study used a Randomized Block Design (RBD) with 6 treatments which were repeated 4 times to obtain 24 treatment units. Observations carried out included observations of growth (leaf area, plant length, leaf number and leaf color), yield (tuber diameter, tuber volume, tuber size grading, tuber hardness, tuber color, sweetness level, fresh tuber weight, and tuber dry weight) , and environment (soil temperature, soil moisture, reflected light, air temperature, and air humidity). Observation data were analyzed using data analysis (F test) with a level of 5% and continued with BNJ test with a level of 5%. The results showed that treatment without mulch with the addition of 20 tons of ha-1 of bokashi fertilizer was able to give no significant results on the parameters of plant length of tuber diameter, tuber fresh weight, plant dry weight and tuber productivity with the treatment of bokashi organic fertilizer with the highest dose of treatment. The yield difference of red beet tuber productivity is low in treatment without mulch + bokashi fertilizer 10 tons ha-1 with treatment without mulch + bokashi fertilizer 30 tons ha-1 which is 8.4 tons ha-1 or 17.7% and the difference in beet tuber productivity results red between the treatment of using MPHP + bokashi fertilizer 10 tons ha-1 with the treatment of the use of MPHP + 30 tons ha-1 bokashi fertilizer which is 6.4 tons ha-1 or 13.7%
| Item Type: | Thesis (Sarjana) |
|---|---|
| Identification Number: | SKR/FP/2019/295/051907017 |
| Uncontrolled Keywords: | - |
| Subjects: | 600 Technology (Applied sciences) > 635 Garden crops (Horticulture) > 635.1 Edible roots > 635.11 Beets > 635.118 Special cultivation methods; Fertilizers, soil conditioners, growth regulators |
| Divisions: | Fakultas Pertanian > Agroekoteknologi |
| Depositing User: | soegeng sugeng |
| Date Deposited: | 14 Oct 2019 03:23 |
| Last Modified: | 05 Nov 2020 15:53 |
| URI: | http://repository.ub.ac.id/id/eprint/173336 |
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