Fitriyani, Ulfa (2019) Upaya Peningkatan Serapan P dan Si Tanaman Padi Pada Ultisol Lampung dengan Aplikasi Material Silika. Sarjana thesis, Universitas Brawijaya.
Abstract
Ultisol merupakan tanah yang banyak terdapat di Indonesia dan telah diupayakan untuk memproduksi tanaman padi. Namun Ultisol memiliki beberapa permasalahan yang dapat mengganggu pertumbuhan dan produksi tanaman, diantaranya yaitu memiliki pH yang masam, C-organik rendah, dan unsur hara P serta Si yang rendah. Aplikasi silika ke dalam tanah dapat meningkatkan serapan P dan Si pada tanaman padi. Selain itu, silika juga diketahui dapat meningkatkan pH dan ketersediaan P dalam tanah. Tujuan dari penelitian ini, yaitu: 1) menganalisis pengaruh aplikasi material silika terhadap serapan P dan Si pada tanaman padi. 2) menganalisis pengaruh aplikasi material silika pada pertumbuhan dan hasil tanaman padi. Penelitian dilaksanakan di rumah kaca dan Laboratorium Kimia Tanah, Balai Penelitian Kimia Tanah Bogor, pada bulan Juli 2018 – April 2019. Parameter pengamatan meliputi pertumbuhan tanaman padi (tinggi tanaman dan jumlah anakan tanaman padi) dan produksi tanaman (berat jerami kering dan berat 1000 butir gabah) serta serapan P dan Si pada tanaman. Metode penelitian menggunakan Rancangan Acak Lengkap (RAL) dengan 6 perlakuan dan 4 ulangan, sehingga terdapat 24 unit percobaan. Perlakuan berupa aplikasi 5 material yang diketahui mengandung silika, meliputi perlakuan kontrol (tanpa material silika) (P0), kompos tandan kosong kelapa sawit (P1), abu merapi (P2), abu tandan kosong kelapa sawit (P3), fly ash batubara (P4) dan limbah media jamur/baglog (P5). Setiap perlakuan diberi pupuk dasar dan dosis yang sama, yaitu Urea 200 kg ha-1, SP-36 75 kg ha-1 dan KCl 50 kg ha-1. Analisis data menggunakan uji ANOVA, dan dengan uji DMRT 5% (Duncan Multiple Range Test) serta dilakukan uji korelasi dan regresi. Hasil penelitian menunjukkan bahwa aplikasi material silika berpengaruh nyata terhadap serapan P dan Si pada tanaman padi. Hasil tertinggi serapan P adalah pada perlakuan kompos tandan kosong kelapa sawit dengan nilai 70,35 mg rumpun-1, dibandingkan perlakuan kontrol yakni 31,26 mg rumpun-1, sedangkan hasil tertinggi untuk serapan Si adalah pada perlakuan fly ash batubara dengan nilai 502,2 mg rumpun-1 dibandingkan kontrol yakni 278,8 mg rumpun-1. Aplikasi silika juga dapat meningkatkan pertumbuhan tanaman dan produksi tanaman. Hasil produksi tertinggi untuk berat 1000 butir gabah dan berat jerami kering diperoleh pada perlakuan kompos tandan kosong kelapa sawit dan fly ash batu bara dengan peningkatan masing-masing sebesar 60,99% dan 43,46% dibandingkan kontrol.
English Abstract
Ultisols are widely available in Indonesia and has been used for rice production. However, Ultisol have several problems that can interfere plant growth and production; they are; having low pH, , low organic matter and low of P and Si contents. Application of silica us able to increase the P and Si uptake of rice. Silica also has been known as nutrient which is able to increase pH and P availability in the soil. The purpose of this research were: 1) to analyse the effect of silica material application on P and Si uptake in rice plants. 2) to analyse the effect of silica material application on the growth and production of rice plants. The research held in 2018 - April 2019, at greenhouse and Soil Chemistry Laboratory, Bogor Soil Chemical Research Institute. The observation parameters included growth components (plant height and number of tillers), yield components (straw yield and 1000 grain weight) and nutrient uptake of P and Si in plant. The research method was Completely Randomized Design with 6 treatments and 4 replications; there were 24 experimental units. The treatment used 5 materials which contained silica, including control (P0), palm of nut-sell compost (P1), Merapi ash (P2), ash of oil palm empty bunches (P3), coal fly ash (P4) baglog of mushroom (P5). Each treatment experienced basic fertilizer and the same doses, they were; Urea 200 kg ha-1, SP-36 75 kg ha-1 and KCl 50 kg ha-1. The data was analyzed by using ANOVA test, with 5% DMRT test (Duncan Multiple Range Test). After that, with correlation and regression test were conducted. The results showed that the application of silica material had a significant effect on P and Si uptake in rice plants. The highest of P uptake was in palm of nut-sell compost treatment with a value of 70,35 mg per clump, compared to the control was 31,26 mg per clump, while the highest for Si uptake was in coal fly ash treatment with a value of 502,2 mg per clump, compared to control, with the value 278,8 mg per clump. Silica application could also increase growth and yield of rice. The highest yield for the 1000 grain weight and the straw yield was obtained in palm of nut-sell and coal fly ash treatments (the increase was 60,99% and 43,46% respectively) compared to control.
| Item Type: | Thesis (Sarjana) |
|---|---|
| Identification Number: | SKR/FP/2019/270/051907013 |
| Uncontrolled Keywords: | - |
| Subjects: | 600 Technology (Applied sciences) > 633 Field and plantation crops > 633.1 Cereals > 633.18 Rice |
| Divisions: | Fakultas Pertanian > Agroekoteknologi |
| Depositing User: | soegeng sugeng |
| Date Deposited: | 24 Aug 2020 07:11 |
| Last Modified: | 24 Aug 2020 07:11 |
| URI: | http://repository.ub.ac.id/id/eprint/173327 |
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