Ersally, Virna (2019) Kelimpahan Populasi Dan Diversitas Bakteri Selulolitik Pada Berbagai Jenis Tutupan Lahan Di Ub Forest. Sarjana thesis, Universitas Brawijaya.
Abstract
Setiap tahun jumlah penduduk di Indonesia semakin meningkat. Hal tersebut menyebabkan kebutuhan lahan untuk tempat tinggal dan kebutuhan pangan meningkat sehingga masyarakat memanfaatkan lahan hutan dengan mengalihgunakannya menjadi lahan pertanian untuk memenuhi kebutuhan hidup. Alihguna lahan hutan menjadi lahan pertanian dengan sistem agroforestri seperti yang ada di UB Forest tentunya dapat mempengaruhi kesuburan tanah, karena perubahan vegetasi yang ada. Berkurangnya vegetasi dapat mempengaruhi kerapatan tajuk dan masukan bahan organik ke dalam tanah. Bahan organik berupa serasah merupakan tempat hidup bagi mikroorganisme tanah salah satunya yaitu bakteri selulolitik yang mampu menghasilkan enzim selulase untuk mendegradasi selulosa. Penelitian dilakukan pada Bulan Oktober 2018 - Juni 2019. Lokasi penelitian di UB forest, terdiri dari 2 lokasi yaitu Dusun Sumbersari, Desa Tawangargo dan Dusun Buntoro, Desa Bocek, Kecamatan Karangploso, Kabupaten Malang. Pengambilan sampel diambil pada 5 tutupan lahan yaitu Kawasan Lindung (KL), Pinus + Semusim wortel (PS), Pinus Kopi (PK), Mahoni + Semusim talas (MS), dan Mahoni Kopi (MK) dengan 3 kali pengulangan, kemudian data yang didapat diuji menggunakan rancangan acak kelompok (RAK) dan diolah menggunakan aplikasi Genstat edisi 4. Luas area sampling yang digunakan 20 x 20m. Parameter yang diamati dari aspek biologis tanah terdiri dari kadar lignin serasah, kadar serasah selulosa, dan populasi serta keanekaragaman bakteri selulolitik. Dalam aspek kimia parameter yang diamati terdiri dari pH tanah, N-total serasah, dan C-organik serasah. Dalam aspek lingkungan, parameter yang diamati terdiri dari suhu udara dan tanah, kelembaban udara, kadar air tanah, tutupan kanopi, ketebalan serasah, dan nekromassa serasah. Hasil penelitian menunjukkan bahwa Isolasi bakteri dari lahan di UB Forest menunjukkan adanya bakteri yang berkemampuan selulolitik. Pada berbagai tutupan lahan yang ada di UB Forest dari tutupan lahan agroforestri ditunjukkan pada plot PK (Pinus kopi) yang menunjukkan adanya bakteri selulolitik paling tinggi yaitu dengan total populasi bakteri sebesar 55,44 x 106 CFU/ml. Pada plot tutupan lahan KL (kawasan lindung) terdapat 4 isolat, pada PS (pinus semusim) terdapat 5 isolat, pada PK (Pinus kopi) terdapat 2 isolat, pada MS (mahoni semusim) terdapat 4 isolat, dan pada MK (mahoni kopi) terdapat 5 isolat. Kondisi faktor lingkungan pH dan suhu dapat mempengaruhi pertumbuhan bakteri selulolitik. Tutupan lahan di UB Forest dari masing-masing plot memiliki rata-rata pH tanah 4-5 yang termasuk pH masam.
English Abstract
Every year the population in Indonesia is increasing. This causes the need for land for housing and food needs to increase so that people use forest land by diverting it into agricultural land to meet their daily needs. The conversion of forest land into agricultural land with agroforestry systems such as those in UB Forest is certainly done by land cultivation which can affect to soil fertility. The use of land certainly changes the existing vegetation. Reduced vegetation can affect the density of the canopy and input organic matter into the soil. Organic material in the form of litter is a place of life for soil microorganisms, one of which is cellulolytic bacteria that can produce cellulase enzymes to degrade cellulose. The research activity was started in October 2018 until June 2019. The research location at UB forest consisted of 2 locations: Dusun Sumbersari, Tawangargo Village and Dusun Buntoro, Bocek Village, Karangploso District, Malang Regency. Sampling was taken at 5 land uses that is combination of Pine + Seasonal plants (PS), combination of Pine + Coffee plants (PK), combination of Mahogany plants + Seasonal plants (MS), and combination of Mahogany + Coffee plants (MK) with 3 repetitions to produce 15 combinations of treatments, then the data obtained were tested using a randomized block design (RBD) and processed using the Genstat 4th edition application.. The sampling area used is 20 x 20m. Parameters observed from the biological aspects of the soil consisted of lignin levels of litter, litter cellulose levels, and the population and diversity of cellulolytic bacteria. In the chemical aspects the parameters observed consisted of soil pH, N-total litter, and C-organic litter. In the environmental aspects the parameters observed consisted of air and soil temperature, air humidity, soil water content, canopy cover, litter thickness, and litter necromass. The results showed that bacterial isolation from the land in UB Forest showed the presence of cellulolytic-capable bacteria. On various land uses in UB Forest from agroforestry land use, shown in PK (combination of Pine + Coffee plants) plots which showed the highest cellulolytic bacteria with a total bacterial population of 55.44 x 106 CFU / ml. In the land use KL plot (protected area) there were 4 isolates, in PS plot (combination of Pine + Seasonal plants) there were 5 isolates, in PK plot (combination of Pine + Coffee plants) there were 2 isolates, in MS plot (Mahogany plants + Seasonal plants) there were 4 isolates, and in MK plot (combination of Mahogany + Coffee plants) there are 5 isolates. The environmental conditions of pH and temperature could influence the growth of cellulolytic bacteria. The land use in UB forest from each other treatment has an average soil pH of 4-5 which includes acidic pH.
| Item Type: | Thesis (Sarjana) |
|---|---|
| Identification Number: | SKR/FP/2019/318/051907061 |
| Subjects: | 600 Technology (Applied sciences) > 631 Specific techniques; apparatus, equipment materials > 631.4 Soil science > 631.46 Soil biology |
| Divisions: | Fakultas Pertanian > Ilmu Tanah |
| Depositing User: | Nur Cholis |
| Date Deposited: | 24 Aug 2020 07:00 |
| Last Modified: | 22 Oct 2021 04:06 |
| URI: | http://repository.ub.ac.id/id/eprint/173080 |
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