Prasetiyo, Agung (2019) Pengaruh Penerapan Pengendalian Hama Terpadu (Pht) Dan Konvensional Terhadap Populasi Spodoptera Exigua Hubner (Lepidoptera : Noctuidae) Pada Lahan Bawang Merah Di Desa Ampeldento Kecamatan Karangploso Kabupaten Malang. Sarjana thesis, Universitas Brawijaya.
Abstract
Ulat bawang Spodoptera exigua Hubner (Lepidoptera : Noctuidae) merupakan salah satu organisme pengganggu tanaman (OPT) utama pada tanaman bawang merah yang menyerang sepanjang tahun, baik musim kemarau maupun musim hujan. Di Indonesia, S. exigua merupakan salah satu hama yang sering menyebabkan kekagalan panen pada pertanaman bawang merah di dataran rendah di pulau Jawa, dan pada keadaan tertentu menyebabkan kerusakan pada bawang daun di dataran tinggi. Kehilangan hasil panen akibat serangan ulat bawang dapat mencapai 100% jika tidak dilakukan upaya pengendalian karena hama ini bersifat polifag. Upaya pengendalian ulat bawang S. exigua yang dilakukan oleh petani saat ini masih bergantung pada penggunaan insektisida. Namun mengakibatkan masalah baru seperti resistensi dan resurjensi hama. Upaya mengurangi dan membatasi penggunaan pestisida untuk meminimalkan dampak samping yang merugikan telah lama dibahas oleh para pakar hama tanaman di seluruh dunia termasuk di Indonesia dengan konsep pengendalian hama terpadu (PHT). Penelitian ini dilaksanakan pada bulan Februari hingga April 2019 di Desa Ampeldento Kecamatan Karangploso Kabupaten Malang dan Laboratorium Hama Jurusan Hama dan Penyakit Tumbuhan Fakultas Pertanian Universitas Brawijaya. Praktik budidaya bawang merah yang dilakukan yaitu pengolahan lahan, penanaman tanaman refugia, pembuatan bedengan, perlakuan bibit dan penanaman bibit bawang merah, pengairan atau penyiraman, pemupukan, aplikasi Plant Growth Promoting Rhizobacteria (PGPR), S. litura Nuclear Polyhedrosis Virus (SlNPV), dan Agens Hayati kompleks, pengendalian gulma, dan pengendalian ulat bawang. Parameter dalam penelitian ini yaitu pengamatan populasi larva S. exigua, intensitas serangan, imago S. exigua, keberadaan musuh alami dan pengamatan pertumbuhan tanaman seperti tinggi tanaman, jumlah daun, jumlah umbi (anakan) dan bobot umbi. Analisis data menggunakan Uji T dengan tingkat ketelitian 5 %. Pengolahan data menggunakan bantuan aplikasi SPSS 22. Hasil pengamatan menunjukkan bahwa penerapan pengendalian hama terpadu (PHT) dan konvensional terhadap rerata jumlah populasi larva, imago S. exigua, intensitas serangan dan musuh alami tidak berbeda nyata. Populasi larva dan serangan mulai ditemukan pada umur 14 hari setelah tanam. Rerata tinggi tanaman dan jumlah daun tidak berbeda nyata pada kedua lahan. Jumlah umbi (anakan) dan bobot umbi pada lahan PHT lebih rendah dari pada lahan konvensional. Rerata hasil produksi berat basah bawang merah pada lahan PHT seberat 101,7 g per 10 rumpun dan berat kering seberat 94,8 g per 10 rumpun, sedangkan pada lahan konvensional berat basah umbi bawang merah seberat 135,8 g per 10 rumpun dengan berat kering seberat 131,3 g per 10 rumpun
English Abstract
Onion caterpillar Spodoptera exigua Hubner (Lepidoptera : Noctuidae) is one of the main pests in onion plants that attack araund the year, in the dry and rainy season. In Indonesia, S. exigua is one of the pests that often causes crop failure in the lowlands of Java, and causes damage to the leek in the highlands. Caterpillar can cause crop losses until 100 % if no control efforts are made because these pests are polyphagous. Efforts to control S. exigua carried out by farmers are still dependent on the use of insecticides. But it causes new problems such as pest resistance and resurgence. Efforts to reduce and limit the use of pesticides to minimize adverse side effects have long been discussed by experts on plant pests around the world including in Indonesia with the Integrated Pest Control (IPM). This study was conducted in February until April 2019 at Ampeldento Village, Karangploso Sub-District, Malang Regency and Pest Laboratory, Department of Plant Pests and Diseases, Faculty of Agriculture, Brawijaya University. The practice of shallots cultivation was by processing land, planting refugia plants, making beds, treating seeds and planting seedlings onion, irrigation or watering, fertilizing, applying Plant Growth Promoting Rhizobacteria (PGPR), S. litura Nuclear Polyhedrosis Virus (SlNPV), and complex biological agents, weed control, and controlling onion worms. The parameters in this study were the observation of the population of larvae of S. exigua, the intensity of the attack, the image of S. exigua, the existence of natural enemies and observations of plant growth such as plant height, number of leaves, number of tubers and tillers. The datas were analyzed using T Test with a level of accuracy of 5% using the SPSS 22 application. The results of the observation showed that the application of IPM and conventional to the average population of larvae, the image of S. exigua, the intensity of attacks and natural enemies were not significantly different. Larval populations and attacks began to be found at the age of 14 day after plant. The average of plant heights and number of leaves were not significantly different in the two fields. The number of tubers (tillers) and its weight on IPM land is lower than conventional land. The yield average of onion fresh weight on IPM land was 101.7 g per 10 clumps and dry weight was 94.8 g per 10 clumps, while in conventional land the wet weight of onion tuber was 135.8 g per 10 clumps with dry weight was 131.3 g per 10 clumps.
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| Item Type: | Thesis (Sarjana) |
|---|---|
| Identification Number: | SKR/FP/2019/120/051906837 |
| Subjects: | 600 Technology (Applied sciences) > 635 Garden crops (Horticulture) > 635.2 Edible tubers and bulbs > 635.25 Onions |
| Divisions: | Fakultas Pertanian > Hama dan Penyakit Tanaman |
| Depositing User: | Nur Cholis |
| Date Deposited: | 24 Aug 2020 06:58 |
| Last Modified: | 22 Oct 2021 02:06 |
| URI: | http://repository.ub.ac.id/id/eprint/172907 |
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