Keragaman Genetik Lima Strain Ikan Mas (Cyprinus Carpio L.) Berdasarkan Marka DNA Mikrosatelit

Chomsy, Indah Nur (2018) Keragaman Genetik Lima Strain Ikan Mas (Cyprinus Carpio L.) Berdasarkan Marka DNA Mikrosatelit. Sarjana thesis, Universitas Brawijaya.

Abstract

Tujuan penelitian ini adalah menganalisis heterozigositas alel dari lima strain ikan Mas (Cyprinus carpio L.) berdasarkan marka DNA mikrosatelit dan mengetahui hubungan kekerabatan antara kelima strain ikan Mas berdasarkan heterozigositas alel menggunakan marka tersebut. Metode penelitian ini isolasi DNA sesuai protokol kit TIANGEN menggunakan sampel jaringan otot dari lima strain ikan Mas lokal Indonesia, yaitu strain Sinyonya, Punten, Majalaya, Koi, dan Najawa. Amplifikasi DNA dilakukan menggunakan sepuluh primer mikrosatelit. Pita yang teramati pada hasil uji kualitatif gel agarosa 1% dikonversikan jaraknya menjadi panjang fragmen (bp) berdasarkan kurva standar marker 100-3000bp DNA Ladder. Heterozigositas alel dianalisis menggunakan GenAlex 6.503. Panjang fragmen tiap lokus diuji menggunakan uji analisis varian. Hubungan kekerabatan dianalisis menggunakan POPGENE 1.32 untuk mengkonstruksi dendrogram UPGMA yang dimodifikasi dari NEIGHBOR Procedure of PHYLIP 3.5 dan divisualisasi dengan MEGA7. Heterozigositas alel dari kelima strain ikan Mas di Indonesia diketahui signifikan dan merepresentasikan variasi alel yang cukup baik. Strain Punten diketahui memiliki karakter lokus paling polimorfik (90%). Hubungan kekerabatan berdasarkan hasil analisis heterozigositas alel DNA mikrosatelit menunjukkan bahwa terdapat dua kelompok strain yang dipisahkan oleh jarak genetis yang signifikan. Kelompok pertama terdiri dari tiga strain yakni Koi, Majalaya, dan Punten, sementara kelompok kedua terdiri dari strain Sinyonya dan Najawa. Pengelompokan tersebut dipengaruhi oleh proses budidaya lokal intensif, dan dalam jangka waktu lama.

English Abstract

The purpose of this research was to analyze the heterozygosity of alleles from five strains of common carp (Cyprinus carpio L.) based on microsatellite DNA markers and to know the relationship between those common carp’s strain using heterozygosity of alleles based on the marker. The method of this research were DNA isolation according to TIANGEN protocol kit using sample of the muscle tissue from five local Indonesian Common carp strains, namely Sinyonya, Punten, Majalaya, Koi, and Najawa. Amplification was performed using ten primers for DNA microsatellites. Bands observed in the qualitative test on 1% agarose gel were converted into fragments length (bp) based on 100-3000bp DNA Ladder’s standard curve. Heterozygosity alleles were analyzed using GenAlex 6.503. Variation of fragment length of each locus was analyzed using variance analysis test. The relationship among strains was analyzed using POPGENE 1.32 to construct a UPGMA dendrogram modified from NEIGHBOR Procedure of PHYLIP 3.5 and visualized using MEGA7 software. Heterozygosity of alleles among strains of Indonesian common carp shows a significant and represent as good alleles of the population. Punten strain has the most polymorphic locus character (90%). The relationship based on heterozygosity analysis of DNA microsatellite alleles shows that there are two groups separated by significant genetic distances. The first group consisted of three strains: Koi, Majalaya, and Punten, while the second group consisted of Sinyonya and Najawa strains. The strains grouping is caused by intensive and local culture systems over long time.

Item Type: Thesis (Sarjana)
Identification Number: SKR/MIPA/2018/223/051806161
Uncontrolled Keywords: alel, Cyprinus carpio L., DNA mikrosatelit, heterozigositas, hubungan kekerabatan allele, Cyprinus carpio L., microsatellite DNA, heterozygosity, phylogenetic
Subjects: 500 Natural sciences and mathematics > 597 Cold-blooded vertebrates > 597.4 Miscellaneous superorders of Actinopterygii > 597.48 Cypriniformes > 597.483 Cyprinus carpio (Common carp)
Divisions: Fakultas Matematika dan Ilmu Pengetahuan Alam > Biologi
Depositing User: Budi Wahyono Wahyono
Date Deposited: 22 Aug 2019 01:44
Last Modified: 18 Oct 2021 03:33
URI: http://repository.ub.ac.id/id/eprint/168145
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