Simanjuntak, Devi Arinda (2018) Uji Efektivitas Pupuk Hayati Petroboost terhadap Pertumbuhan dan Hasil Tanaman Kubis (Brassica oleraceae L.). Sarjana thesis, Universitas Brawijaya.
Abstract
Kubis merupakan tanaman sayuran famili Brassicaceae berupa tumbuhan berbatang lunak yang sudah dikenal sejak zaman purbakala. Produksi kubis di Indonesia, selain untuk memenuhi keperluan dalam negeri, juga termasuk komoditas ekspor. Berdasarkan data ekspor komoditi Hortikultura, Kementrian Pertanian Pusat Data dan Sistem Informasi Pertanian Periode Januari s/d Juni 2016, kubis tercatat diekspor ke empat negara tujuan, ialah Taiwan, Singapore, Malaysia dan Christmas Islands dengan total sebanyak 30,2 ribu ton, senilai US$ 5.8 juta. Konsumsi kubis akan mengalami peningkatan sesuai dengan pertumbuhan jumlah penduduk, meningkatnya daya beli masyarakat, kemudahan kubis diperoleh dipasar, dan peningkatan pengetahuan akan gizi. Hasil rata-rata produksi kubis di Indonesia masih tergolong rendah, yaitu berkisar 10-15 t ha-1 dibandingkan dengan potensi produksi 40-45 t ha-1. Salah satu faktor yang menjadi penyebab menurunnya produktivitas kubis diantaranya adalah rendahnya kandungan bahan organik tanah karena penggunaan pupuk anorganik yang secara terus-menerus dan berlebihan. Usaha dan strategi yang tepat untuk meningkatkan produktivitas kubis yaitu, dengan pemanfaatan pupuk hayati. Pupuk hayati Petroboost mengandung mikroorganisme Stenotrophomonas sp., dan Paenibacillus polymyxa yang bermanfaat untuk fiksasi nitrogen, meningkatkan ketersediaan nutrisi, penghasil fitohormon, penghasil anti mikroba, meningkatkan pertumbuhan tanaman, serta meningkatkan ketahanan tanaman terhadap hama dan penyakit. Penelitian bertujuan untuk mengetahui pengaruh efektivitas dan mendapatkan dosis optimal pupuk hayati Petroboost terhadap pertumbuhan dan hasil tanaman kubis (Brassica oleraceae L.) Penelitian ini dilaksanakan pada bulan Mei - Agustus 2018 di Agro Techno Park Cangar Desa Sumberbrantas, Kelurahan Tulungrejo, Kecamatan Bumiaji, Kota Batu Jawa Timur dengan ketinggian diatas 1700 mdpl dengan suhu 18ºC. Alat yang digunakan dalam penelitian ialah cangkul, polybag, plastik, penggaris/meteran, timbangan analitik, ember, oven, kamera, amplop, alat tulis, LAM, dan SPAD. Bahan yang digunakan ialah benih kubis, tanah, air, pupuk urea (46% N), SP36 (18% P2O5), KCL (60% K2O) dan pupuk hayati Petroboost. Rancangan yang digunakan dalam penelitian adalah Rancangan Acak Kelompok (RAK) yang terdiri dari 14 perlakuan dan 3 ulangan yaitu P0: kontrol (tanpa pupuk), P1: NPK sesuai rekomendasi, P2: Pupuk hayati Petroboost 250 g ha-1, P3: ¼ NPK + 250 g ha-1 pupuk hayati Petroboost, P4: ½ NPK + 250 g ha-1 pupuk hayati Petroboost, P5: ¾ NPK + 250 g ha-1 pupuk hayati Petroboost, P6: 625 g ha-1 pupuk hayati Petroboost, P7: ¼ NPK + 625 g ha-1 pupuk hayati Petroboost, P8: ½ NPK + 625 g ha-1 pupuk hayati Petroboost, P9: ¾ NPK + 625 g ha-1 pupuk hayati Petroboost, P10: 1250 g ha-1 pupuk hayati Petroboost, P11: ¼ NPK + 1250 g ha-1 pupuk hayati Petroboost, P12: ½ NPK + 1250 g ha-1 pupuk hayati Petroboost, P13: ¾ NPK + 1250 g ha-1 pupuk hayati Petroboost. Pelaksanaan penelitian yaitu persemaian, persiapan polybag, penanaman dan pemeliharaan. Pengamatan yang dilakukan yaitu: pengamatan pertumbuhan terdiri atas panjang tanaman, jumlahdaun, hijau daun, luas daun, dan bobot kering total tanaman kemudian pengamatan hasil yaitu lingkar krop, bobot segar total tanaman, bobot segar krop dan indeks panen. Data pertumbuhan dan hasil pertumbuhan tanaman diolah secara statistik dengan ANOVA, apabila terjadi pengaruh yang nyata diantara perlakuan maka dilakukan uji lanjut Duncan (DMRT) pada taraf uji 5%. Berdasarkan hasil penelitian menunjukkan bahwa kombinasi pupuk hayati dengan pupuk anorganik NPK berpengaruh nyata pada pertumbuhan dan hasil tanaman kubis. Dosis ¼, ½, ¾ N,P,K + 1250 g ha-1 pupuk hayati Petroboost memberikan respon yang paling tinggi terhadap panjang tanaman, jumlah daun, luas daun, hijau daun dan bobot kering total tanaman dibandingkan dengan perlakuan lainnya dan juga terhadap hasil tanaman kubis yaitu lingkar krop, bobot segar total tanaman, dan bobot segar krop, namun tidak berpengaruh nyata pada indeks panen. Sehingga dapat disimpulkan bahwa pemberian pupuk hayati dengan ¼, ½, ¾ N,P,K dikombinasikan dengan 1250 g ha-1 pupuk hayati Petroboost merupakan dosis yang paling efektif dan berpengaruh pada pertumbuhan dan produksi kubis serta dapat direkomendasikan untuk petani, karena dosis yang paling efektif secara agronomis, ialah memiliki nilai RAE 161,9%; 175,7%; dan 217,6% yang berarti jika nilai RAE >100%, pupuk yang diuji lebih baik dibanding dengan perlakuan kontrol dan secara ekonomi memiliki nilai R/C ratio 1,66; 1,67;dan 1,87 yang berarti R/C ratio >1, usaha tani layak dikembangkan.
English Abstract
Cabbage is a vegetable plant of the Brassicaceae family in the form of soft-stemmed plants that have been known since ancient times. Cabbage production in Indonesia, in addition to fulfilling domestic needs, also includes export commodities. Based on data on commodity exports of Horticulture, Ministry of Agriculture Center for Agricultural Data and Information Systems for the period January to June 2016, cabbage was exported to four destination countries, namely Taiwan, Singapore, Malaysia and Christmas Islands with a total of 30,2 thousand tons, worth US $ 5,8 million. Cabbage consumption is expected to increase according to population growth, increased purchasing power, ease of cabbage obtained in the market, and increased knowledge of nutrition. The average yield of cabbage production in Indonesia is still relatively low, which ranges from 10-15 t ha-1 compared to the production potential of 40-45 t ha-1. One of the factors that caused the decline in cabbage productivity included low soil organic matter content due to continuous and excessive use of inorganic fertilizers. The right business and strategy to increase cabbage productivity is by utilizing biofertilizers. Petroboost biological fertilizers contain microorganisms Stenotrophomonas sp., and Paenibacillus polymyxa which are useful for nitrogen fixation, increase nutrient availability, phytohormone producing growth regulators, anti-microbial producers, increase plant growth, and increase plant resistance to pests and diseases. The study aimed to determine the effect of effectiveness and get the optimal dose of Petroboost biological fertilizer on the growth and yield of cabbage (Brassica oleraceae L.) This research was conducted since May up to August 2018 at Agro Techno Park (ATP) Cangar, in Sumberbrantas Village, Bumiaji Subdistrict, Batu City at altitude of 1700 masl, temperature of 18⁰C. The tools used in the research are hoes, polybags, plastics, rulers/meters, analytical scales, buckets, ovens, cameras, envelopes, stationery, LAM, and SPAD. The materials used were cabbage seeds, soil, water, urea fertilizer (46% N), SP36 (18% P2O5), KCL (60% K2O) and biofertilizer from Petroboost. The experiment was designed in a Randomized Block Design (RBD) consisting of 14 treatments and 3 replicates, P0: control (without fertilizer), P1: NPK as recommended, P2: Petroboost Biofertilizer 250 g ha-1, P3: ¼ NPK + biological fertilizer Petroboost 250 g ha-1, P4: ½ NPK + biological fertilizer Petroboost 250 g ha-1, P5: ¾ NPK + biological fertilizer Petroboost 250 g ha-1, P6: biological fertilizer Petroboost 625 g ha-1, P7: ¼ NPK + biological fertilizer Petroboost 625 g ha-1, P8: ½ NPK + biological fertilizer Petroboost 625 g ha-1, P9: ¾ NPK + biological fertilizer Petroboost 625 g ha-1, P10: biological fertilizer Petroboost 1250 g ha-1, P11: ¼ NPK + biological fertilizer Petroboost 1250 g ha-1, P12: ½ NPK + biological fertilizer Petroboost 1250 g ha-1, P13: ¾ NPK + biological fertilizer Petroboost 1250 g ha-1. Research implementation is nursery, polybag preparation, planting and maintenance. Observations were made: growth observations consisting of plant length, leaf number, leaf green, leaf area, and total dry weight of the plant then observedresults namely crop circumference, total fresh weight of plants, crop fresh weight and harvest index. Growth data and plant growth results were statistically processed by ANOVA. If there was a real effect between treatments, Duncan (DMRT) continued the test at the 5% test level. Based on the results of the study showed that the combination of biofertilizers with NPK inorganic fertilizers significantly affected the growth and yield of cabbage plants. Dosage ¼, ½, ¾ N,P,K + 1250 g ha-1 Petroboost biological fertilizer gave the highest response to plant length, leaf number, leaf area, leaf green and total dry weight of the plant compared to other treatments and also to yield cabbage plants namely crop circumference, total fresh weight of plants, and fresh crop weight, but did not significantly affect the harvest index. So it can be concluded that the administration of biological fertilizers with ¼, ½, ¾ N,P,K combined with 1250 g ha-1 of biofertilizer Petroboost is the most effective dose and affects the growth and production of cabbage and can be recommended for farmers, because the most agronomically effective, is to have a RAE value of 161,9%; 175,7% and 217,6%, which means that if the RAE value is >100%, the fertilizer tested is better than the control treatment and economically has an R/C ratio of 1,66; 1,67 and 1,87 which means R/C ratio >1, farming is feasible to develop.
Other obstract
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| Item Type: | Thesis (Sarjana) |
|---|---|
| Identification Number: | SKR/FP/2018/910/051900280 |
| Uncontrolled Keywords: | Pupuk Hayati, Petroboost, Tanaman Kubis, Brassica oleraceae L |
| Subjects: | 600 Technology (Applied sciences) > 631 Specific techniques; apparatus, equipment materials > 631.8 Fertilizers, soil conditioners, growth regulators > 631.86 Organic fertilizers |
| Divisions: | Fakultas Pertanian > Agroekoteknologi |
| Depositing User: | Nur Cholis |
| Date Deposited: | 06 May 2019 01:22 |
| Last Modified: | 20 Oct 2021 01:52 |
| URI: | http://repository.ub.ac.id/id/eprint/167009 |
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