Silahturrohmah, Siti (2018) Pengaruh Pemberian Bahan Organik Dan ZnSO4 Terhadap Pertumbuhan Dan Hasil Tanaman Gandum (Triticum Aestivum L.) Varietas Dewata. Sarjana thesis, Universitas Brawijaya.
Abstract
Tanaman gandum (Triticum aestivum L.) ialah salah satu tanaman graminae yang dimanfaatkan bijinya untuk dijadikan tepung terigu. Permintaan gandum semakin meningkat seiring dengan meningkatnya kebutuhan tepung terigu yang biasanya digunakan sebagai bahan baku pembuatan roti. Gandum mengandung Karbohidrat 60 - 80%, Protein 10 - 18%, Lemak 2 - 2,5%, dan Mineral 4 - 4,5%. Peningkatan produksi dan kualitas gandum harus terus dilakukan guna memenuhi permintaan gandum. Selain di dataran tinggi, peningkatan gandum juga dapat dilakukan di dataran medium. Permasalahan penanaman gandum di dataran medium ialah kesuburan tanah dan ketersediaan unsur mikro seng (Zn) yang rendah. Oleh karena itu perlu dilakukan upaya penambahan bahan organik dan pupuk Zn yang bertujuan untuk meningkatkan kesuburan tanah, meningkatkan hasil tanaman dan meningkatkan kualitas biji. Tujuan penelitian ini ialah untuk mempelajari pengaruh pemberian bahan organik dan ZnSO4 terhadap pertumbuhan dan hasil tanaman gandum (Triticum aestivum L.) varietas dewata, dan Mendapatkan dosis bahan organik dan atau pupuk ZnSO4 yang tepat pada pertumbuhan dan hasil tanaman gandum (Triticum aestivum L.) varietas dewata. Penelitian telah dilaksanakan pada bulan Juni - September 2018 di Desa Dadaprejo, Junjerojo, Batu. Penelitian ini ialah penelitian faktorial dengan menggunakan rancangan acak kelompok (RAK), faktor pertama ialah dosis bahan organik yang terdiri dari 3 taraf yaitu B1 = 10 ton ha-1, B2 =, 15 ton ha-1 dan B3 = 20 ton ha-1, sedangkan faktor kedua ialah dosis pupuk ZnSO4 dengan 3 taraf yaitu S1 = 15 kg ha-1, S2 = 20 kg ha-1, S3 = 25 kg ha-1 setiap kombinasi diulang sebanyak 3 kali, sehingga perlakuan berjumlah 27 petak dan ukuran setiap petak 1,1 m x 0,9 m dengan jumlah polibag sebanyak 9. Alat-alat yang digunakan pada penelitian ialah timbangan analitik, timbangan digital, oven, meteran, cangkul, tugal, spidol, penggaris, gembor, papan label, dan kamera, spektrofotometer, mortal, pistil, cuvet, vortex, tabung reaksi, kertas whatman, gelas beker, dan pipet. Bahan-bahan yang digunakan ialah benih gandum varietas dewata, polibag, bahan organik, pupuk ZnSO4, Urea, SP-36, KCl, nitrogen cair, aseton, insektisida dan fungisida. Pengamatan pada penelitian ini yaitu pengamatan pertumbuhan dan pengamatan hasil panen. Pengamatan pertumbuhan terdiri dari panjang tanaman (cm) per rumpun, jumlah daun per rumpun, jumlah anakan per rumpun, kandungan klorofil, bobot kering brangkasan (g) per rumpun. Sedangkan pengamatan panen terdiri dari waktu muncul malai (hst), jumlah malai per rumpun, jumlah spikelet per rumpun, jumlah biji per rumpun, dan bobot 100 biji (g) per rumpun. Data hasil pengamatan di analisis dengan menggunakan uji F untuk mengetahui ada atau tidaknya pengaruh dari perlakuan. Apabila terdapat interaksi atau pengaruh nyata dari perlakuan, maka dilanjutkan dengan uji antar perlakuan dengan menggunakan BNJ pada taraf kepercayaan 5%. Hasil penelitian menunjukkan bahwa terdapat interaksi antara pemberian bahan organik dan pupuk ZnSO4 pada parameter rerata panjang tanaman per rumpun, rerata jumlah daun per rumpun, rerata jumlah anakan per rumpun, rerata kandungan klorofil, rerata jumlah malai per rumpun, rerata panjang malai per rumpun, dan rerata jumlah biji per rumpun. Sedangkan perlakuan pemberianii bahan organik sebanyak 20 ton/ha dan pupuk ZnSO4 25 kg/ha dapat meningkatkan 36,82% pada rerata jumlah malai. Pada perlakuan yang sama juga menghasilkan rerata panjang malai per rumpun 28,48%, dan 8,81% jumlah biji per malai lebih tinggi dibandingkan dengan perlakuan pemberian bahan organik 20 ton/ha dan pupuk ZnSO4 15 kg/ha. Secara terpisah, perlakuan bahan organik 10 ton/ha (B1) dan 20 ton/ha (B3) menunjukkan hasil yang tdak berbeda nyata pada rerata jumlah spikelet per rumpun. Namun, perlakuan pupuk ZnSO4 berpengaruh terhadap rerata berat kering brangkasan dan rerata jumlah spikelet per rumpun.
English Abstract
Wheat (Triticum aestivum L.) crop is one of the gramineae plants utilized the seeds to be used as wheat flour. The demand for wheat has increased along with the increasing demand of wheat flour which is usually used as raw material for making noodles or cakes. Wheat contains 60 - 80% Carbohydrates, 10 - 20% Protein, 2 – 2,5% Fats, and 4 – 4,5% Minerals. The increase of wheat production and quality of wheat should be continue to supply the demand of wheat. In addition to the highlands, increased wheat can also be done in the medium lands. The problems of growing wheat in the medium land are low soil fertility and low availability of micro elements zinc (Zn). Therefore it needs to be done by the innovation of adding organic materials and Zn fertilizer which aims to improve soil and yields. The aims of this research are study the effect of giving organic matter and ZnSO4 on the growth and yield of wheat plants (Triticum aestivum L.) varieties of dewata and Get the right dose of organic matter and or ZnSO4 for the growth and yield of wheat (Triticum aestivum L.) varieties dewata. The research has been conducted in June - September 2018 in Dadaprejo Village, Junjerojo, Batu. This research is using factorial randomized block design (RAK), the first factor is the dose of organic material consist of 3 levels ie B1 = 10 tons ha-1, B2 = 15 tons ha-1 and B3 = 20 tons ha-1, while the second factor is the dose of ZnSO4 fertilizer with 3 levels such is S1 = 15 kg ha-1, S2 = 20 kg ha-1, S3 = 25 kg ha-1 each combination is repeated 3 times, thus the treatments given was 27 plots and the size of each plot 1,1 m x 0,9 m with the number of polybags as much as 9. The tools used in the research are analytical scales, digital scales, ovens, gauges, hoes, patches, markers, rulers, sprinkler, label boards, cameras, spectrophotometer, mortal, pistil, cuvet, vortex, test tube, whatman paper, beker glass, and pipette. The materials used are wheat seeds dewata varieties, polybags, organic matter, ZnSO4 fertilizer, Urea, SP-36, KCl, nitrogen liquid, aceton, insectisides and fungicides. The observation that used in this study are about the growth and the harvest. The growth observation consists of plant length (cm) per clump, number of leave per clump, number of tillers per clump, content chlorophyll, dry weight per plant (g). While the harvest observations consists of flowering Time (hst), number of panicles per clump, penicle length per clump (cm), number of spikelet per clump, number of seeds per clump, weight 100 seeds (g) per clump. The data were analyzed by using F test to determine the significant or not the effect of the treatment. If there is any interaction or significant effect of the treatment, then it is followed by interagency test using BNJ at 5% confidence level. The results showed there is an interactions due by giving of organic matter and ZnSO4 fertilizer on the parameters of average plant length per clump, average number of leaves per clump, average number of tillers, average content chlorophyll, average number of panicles per clump, average panicle length per clump, and average number of seeds per clump. Meanwhile the treatment of the giving organic matter 20 tons/ha and 25 kg/ha ZnSO4 fertilizer can increase 36.82% in the average number of panicles. In addition, on this treatment as well as reached the highest average panicle length per clump of 28.48%, and 8.81% the number of seeds per panicle compaired the treatment 20tons/ha and 15 kg/ha ZnSO4. As separately, The dose of organic matter 10 tons/ha (B1) and 20iv tons/ha (B3) have the same results on average of number spikelet per clump. Mainwhile, the treatment of 25 kg/ha ZnSO4 fertilizer only effect on the average dry weight and the average number of spikelet per clump higher than its at other treatments.
| Item Type: | Thesis (Sarjana) |
|---|---|
| Identification Number: | SKR/FP/2018/939/051900908 |
| Uncontrolled Keywords: | Bahan Organik, ZnSO4, Tanaman Gandum, Pertumbuhan |
| Subjects: | 600 Technology (Applied sciences) > 631 Specific techniques; apparatus, equipment materials > 631.8 Fertilizers, soil conditioners, growth regulators |
| Divisions: | Fakultas Pertanian > Agroekoteknologi |
| Depositing User: | Nur Cholis |
| Date Deposited: | 13 May 2019 02:38 |
| Last Modified: | 20 Oct 2021 02:47 |
| URI: | http://repository.ub.ac.id/id/eprint/165222 |
Preview |
Text
Siti Silahturrohmah.pdf Download (2MB) | Preview |
Actions (login required)
 |
View Item |