Rahman, Farid Abdul (2018) Potensi Biogas Dan Asam Asetat Dari Ampas Tahu Dengan Campuran Gracilaria Sp. Sarjana thesis, Universitas Brawijaya.
Abstract
Tingginya konsumsi bahan bakar minyak bumi (BBM) di Indonesia perlu dikurangi, salah satunya yaitu dengan memanfaatkan biomasa sebagai energi baru terbarukan (EBT). Ampas tahu dan rumput laut Gracilaria sp. merupakan biomasa yang dapat dimanfaatkan sebagai bahan baku pembuatan bioenergi. Kedua bahan berpotensi karena memiliki kandungan organik seperti protein dan serat yang tinggi serta ketersediaan yang melimpah di Indonesia. Bioenergi dihasilkan dari proses pencernaan anaerobik yang merombak senyawa organik kompleks dengan bantuan mikroorganisme dalam keadaan anaerob, selain itu proses ini juga akan menghasilkan bahan kimia berupa asam organik khususnya asam asetat. Penelitian ini menggunakan metode Biochemical Methane Potential (BMP) untuk menentukan biodegradabilitas dan hasil metana dari proses degradasi secara anaerobik, dengan bahan baku ampas tahu dan Gracilaria sp. Penelitian ini menggunakan rancangan acak lengkap (RAL) dengan 3 kali pengulangan dan faktor rasio pencampuran yang terdiri dari 2 kontrol yaitu kontrol blank (inokulum saja), kontrol alpha cellulose dan 4 perlakuan yaitu 100% AT (ampas tahu), 50 AT: 50 RL(Gracilaria sp.), 70 AT: 30 RL, 30 AT: 70 RL. Uji kandungan terhadap bahan dilakukan untuk menentukan potensi metana dan kalori secara teoritis dan dibandingkan dengan hasil percobaan. Volume biogas diukur sehingga dapat dikonversikan estimasi potensi listrik yang akan dihasilkan dan residu organik yang dihasilkan dilakukan uji terhadap kandungan asam asetat.Hasil penelitian menunjukan pencernaan anaerob dengan ampas tahu memiliki potensi yang lebih besar dibandingkan perlakuan lainnya. Ampas tahu viii memiliki kandungan VS sebesar 98.84%TS, dengan potensi metana spesifik yang dihasilkan yaitu sebesar 0.228 m3/kgVS. Potensi energi listrik yang dihasilkan yaitu sebesar 216.7 kWh. Kandungan asam asetat yang dihasilkan yaitu sebanyak 0.03% yang mengindikasikan proses pembentukan biogas berjalan optimal.
English Abstract
High consumption of fossil fuels in Indonesia needs to be reduced by using renewable energy, such as from biomass. Tofu dregs and seaweed (Gracilaria sp.) are potential biomass for bioenergy energy production due to their high organic contents (i.e. protein and fiber).Furthermore, both tofu dregs and Gracilaria sp. are highly abundant in Indonesia. But, valorization of those biomass into bioenergy and/or high value added chemicals is still very limited. Bioenergy, particularly biogas/methane, is produced from biodegradation of complex organic compounds under anaerobic condition with the help of microorganism consortia. Other than biogas, the process, known as anaerobic digestion, also produced organic residues (digestate) and/or organic acid (volatile fatty acids) such as acetic acid. This study used Biochemical Methane Potential (BMP) test to determine the biodegradability and methane potential from tofu dregs and Gracilaria. sp either as single- or co-digestion feedstock.The samples were include blank control (inoculum only), positive control (α-celullose), 100% TD (tofu dregs), 50 TD: 50 RL (Gracilaria sp.), 70 TD: 30 RL, and 30 TD: 70 R. All sampels were prepared in triplicate. Prior BMP test, physical and chemical characterization of the biomass samples were carried out. Biogas volume was calculated in a daily basis and compared with the theoretical values based on the Buswell equation. The electrical potential was also calculated. At the end of BMP test, the digestate was analyzed for the acetic acid content. The results showed that TD has a great potential as feedstock for anaerobic digestion alone or mixed with other biomass. This is due to a high organic content in tofu dregs, with VS value of 98.84% TS. The specific methane potential (SMP) x of tofu dregs was 228 m3/ kgVS, the highest SMP compared to that of other biomass mixture tested. The theoretical electrical potential from tofu dregs is 216.7 kWh/tone, which is enough to fulfill the electrical needs of 43 household for 24 hours. The acetic acid content is very low at value of 0.03% indicates that the majority of acetic acid was transformed into biogas during the anaerobic process.
| Item Type: | Thesis (Sarjana) |
|---|---|
| Identification Number: | SKR/FTP/2018/517/051810607 |
| Uncontrolled Keywords: | Ampas tahu, bioenergy, biogas, Gracilaria sp., asam asetat,/Acetic acid, biogas, Gracilaria sp., tofu dregs, bioenergy. |
| Subjects: | 600 Technology (Applied sciences) > 662 Explosives of explosives, fuels, related products > 662.8 Other fuels > 662.88 Biomas as fuel |
| Divisions: | Fakultas Teknologi Pertanian > Teknologi Industri Pertanian |
| Depositing User: | Endang Susworini |
| Date Deposited: | 23 Oct 2019 03:12 |
| Last Modified: | 17 Mar 2022 07:10 |
| URI: | http://repository.ub.ac.id/id/eprint/165218 |
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