Dalimunthe, Siska Theresia Br (2018) Efektivitas Isolat Bakteri Endofit Dalam Meningkatkan Pertumbuhan, Hasil Serta Serapan N Dan P Tanaman Bawang Merah (Allium Ascalonicum L.) Pada Tanah Andisol. Sarjana thesis, Universitas Brawijaya.
Abstract
Produktivitas bawang merah yang menurun pada tahun 2016 (Kementan, 2017) serta kebutuhan yang terus meningkat, menyebabkan perlu dilakukan intensifikasi terutama didaerah yang memiliki potensi sebagai penghasil bawang merah, seperti provinsi Jawa Barat. Daerah Jawa Barat didominasi dengan jenis tanah Andisol (BBSDLP, 2017). Intensifikasi dengan pemupukan kimia tidak ramah lingkungan sehingga perlu digunakan teknologi alternatif non kimiawi seperti bakteri endofit. Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk mengetahui pengaruh penambahan pupuk anorganik berbagai taraf dosis dan inokulasi isolat bakteri endofit terhadap pertumbuhan, hasil serta serapan N dan P tanaman bawang merah pada tanah Andisol. Penelitian dilaksanakan pada November 2017 hingga Februari 2018 di Balai Penelitian Tanah, Bogor. Penelitian ini menggunakan metode Rancangan Acak Lengkap Faktorial (RALF) yang terdiri dari dua faktor. Faktor pertama adalah pupuk anorganik berbagai taraf dosis: (P1) Dosis Pupuk Anorganik 25%; (P2) Dosis Pupuk Anorganik 75% dan (P3) Dosis Pupuk Anorganik 100%. Sedangkan faktor kedua adalah penginokulasian isolat bakteri endofit: (I0): Tanpa Isolat (Kontrol); (I1): Isolat 5D.3.3; (I2): Isolat II.5D.2.1; (I3): Isolat II.2D.E.2; (I4): Isolat II.3D.1.5; (I5): Isolat S.2D.3.1. Parameter yang diamati pada penelitian ini meliputi tinggi, jumlah daun, jumlah anakan, jumlah umbi, bobot basah umbi, bobot kering umbi eskip, bobot basah dan kering tanaman serta serapan N dan P tanaman. Data yang diperoleh dianalisis dengan menggunakan analisis ragam (uji F) pada taraf 5%. Apabila terdapat berpengaruh nyata, maka dilanjutkan dengan uji DMRT dengan taraf 5%. Keterkaitan antar peubah diuji dengan korelasi dan regresi. Hasil penelitian menunjukkan bahwa isolat bakteri endofit efektif dalam meningkatkan pertumbuhan tanaman bawang merah yang ditunjukkan dengan efektivitas sebesar 8,72% terhadap rerata tinggi tanaman, begitupun pada hasil tanaman yang ditunjukkan dengan efektivitas sebesar 26,25% pada rerata bobot basah umbi serta efektif dalam meningkatkan serapan N dan P tanaman masing-masing 20,35% dan 15,38%. Hasil analisis sidik ragam juga menunjukkan adanya interaksi yang nyata antara perlakuan isolat bakteri endofit dengan perlakuan pupuk anorganik berbagai taraf dosis terhadap rerata jumlah daun tanaman pada 28 HST, bobot basah umbi, bobot kering umbi eskip, bobot basah tanaman, bobot kering tanaman serta serapan N dan P tanaman bawang merah. Adapun Kombinasi perlakuan isolat bakteri endofit dengan dosis pupuk yang lebih rendah menunjukkan hasil lebih baik dibandingkan dengan tanaman yang diinokulasi bakteri endofit dengan dosis pupuk yang lebih tinggi. Perlakuan I1P1 (Isolat 5D.3.3 + Dosis Pupuk Anorganik 25%) dan perlakuan I3P1 (Isolat II.2D.E.2 + Dosis Pupuk Anorganik 25%) adalah perlakuan yang paling efektif dalam meningkatkan pertumbuhan, hasil serta serapan N dan P tanaman bawang merah.
English Abstract
As the productivity of shallot decreased in 2016 (Ministry of Agriculture, 2017) and the consumption of shallot that continues to increasingly nowadays, so intensification needs to be carried out, especially in areas that have the potential to gain the productivity of shallots plants, such as in the province of West Java. West Java is dominated by Andisols soil type (BBSDLP, 2017). Intensification with chemical fertilization is not environmentally friendly so it is necessary to use nonchemical alternative technology such as endophytic bacteria. This study aims to determine the effect of inorganic fertilizer addition of various dosage levels and inoculation of endophytic bacteria isolates to promote plant growth, yield and N and P uptake of Shallot plants on Andisols. Research was conducted in November 2017 until February 2018 at Balittanah, Bogor. This research used factorial randomized block design with two factors. The first factor is inorganic fertilizer at various dosage levels: (P1) 25% Recommended Fertilizer Dose; (P2) 75% Recommended Fertilizer Dose and (P3) 100% Recommended Fertilizer Dose. The second factor is the endophytic bacterial isolates: (I0): Without Isolate (Control); (I1): Isolate 5D.3.3; (I2): Isolate II.5D.2.1; (I3): Isolate II.2D.E.2; (I4): Isolate II.3D.1.5; (I5): Isolate S.2D.3.1. The number of treatment combinations was 18 with 3 replications resulting in 54 experimental units. The parameters observed in this study includes plants height, number of leaf, number of tillers, number of bulb, wet and dry weight of bulb, wet weight and dry plant and N and P uptake of Shallot plant. The data obtained were analyzed by using variance analysis (F test) at 5% level. If there is a significant differences, then continued with DMRT with the level of 5%. Interrelations between variables were tested by correlation and regression. The results showed that endophytic bacteria isolates were effective in promoting the plant growth of shallot plants as indicated by the effectiveness in amount of 8,72% on the average of plant height, as well as the yield of plants which was shown 26,25% effectiveness in the average of wet weight of bulbs and effective in increasing N and P uptake of plants were 20.35% and 15.38% respectively. The results of the analysis of variance also showed a real interaction between endophytic bacteria isolate treatments with inorganic fertilizer treatments of various dosage levels on the average number of leaves of plants at 28 Days After Planting (DAP), wet and dry weight of bulbs, wet and dry weight of plants and also on N and P uptake of shallot plant. The combination of treatment with endophytic bacteria isolates with lower fertilizer doses showed better results compared to plants treatments with endophytic bacteria with higher fertilizer dosages. The I1P1 treatment (Isolate 5D.3.3 + Inorganic Fertilizer Dosage 25%) and I3P1 treatment (Isolate II.2D.E.2 + Inorganic Fertilizer Dosage 25%) is the most effective treatments in increasing plant growth, yield and N and P uptake of shallot plants.
| Item Type: | Thesis (Sarjana) |
|---|---|
| Identification Number: | SKR/FP/2018/483/051809318 |
| Uncontrolled Keywords: | Hasil Serta Serapan N Dan P Tanaman Bawang Merah |
| Subjects: | 600 Technology (Applied sciences) > 635 Garden crops (Horticulture) > 635.2 Edible tubers and bulbs > 635.26 Alliaceous plants / Garlic |
| Divisions: | Fakultas Pertanian > Ilmu Tanah |
| Depositing User: | Nur Cholis |
| Date Deposited: | 21 Mar 2019 02:17 |
| Last Modified: | 19 Oct 2021 23:39 |
| URI: | http://repository.ub.ac.id/id/eprint/161659 |
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