Djayastra, IKetut (2012) Peranan Lembaga Perkreditan Desa dalam Pemberdayaan Ekonomi Masyarakat Desa Adat Berlandaskan Modal Sosial. Doctor thesis, Universitas Brawijaya.
Abstract
Lembaga Perkreditan Desa (LPD) di Bali sejak berdiri hingga sekarang secara kuantitas dan kinerja keuangan terus berkembang, tetapi kondisi tersebut tidak didukung oleh masyarakat secara maksimal.Demikian pula LPD Desa Adat Kedonganan, selain partisipasi masyarakat belum maksimal, ternyata modernisasi pembangunan sarana pariwisata di pantai Kedonganan telah menimbulkan persaingan usaha yang ketat dan diperkirakan dapat merubah perilaku kehidupan masyarakat. Oleh karena itu, modal sosial (yakni: kepercayaan, kelembagaan, norma dan jejaring sosial) sebagai identitas perilaku masyarakat diperkirakan berubah secara signifikan, dimasa yang akan datang. Penelitian ini berjudul `peran LPD dalam pemberdayaan ekonomi masyarakat desa adat berlandaskan modal sosial (studi kasus: di desa adat Kedonganan-Kuta, Kabupaten Badung, Provinsi Bali.Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk mengetahui, mengkaji, dan menginterpretasikan faktor-faktor modal sosial sebagai landasan LPD dalam pemberdayaan ekonomi masyarakat desa adat, di Desa Adat Kedonganan-Kuta, Kabupaten Badung, Provinsi Bali. Berdasarkan hasil penelitian dapat diketahui, bahwa: 1) kepercayaan, kelembagaan, norma dan jejaring sosial menjadi landasan LPD dalam pemberdayaan ekonomi masyarakat desa adat, 2) faktor-faktor modal sosial menjadi landasan LPD dalam strategi dan pendekatan pemberdayaan ekonomi masyarakat desa adat, 3) pemaknaan faktor-faktor modal sosial oleh LPD dalam pemberdayaan ekonomi masyarakat desa adat dapat dilihat melalui: (a) ekonomi, yaknidari penguatan modal ekonomi masyarakat desa adat, (b) sosial, yaknidari pemberian bantuan sosial kepada masyarakat desa adat yang berhak memperolehnya, (c) budaya, yakni dari pelestarian adat dan budaya masyarakat lokal, (d) agama Hindu, ditunjukkan dari keberhasilan LPD dalam membangun sarana fisik dan non fisik keagamaan dan penataan zone pantai untuk aktivitas upacara keagamaan. Pemaknaan dari faktor-faktor modal sosial dapat dilihat, melalui: (a) Parhyangan (religius), yakni, renovasi Pura Khayangan Desa, Pura Segara, zone peruntukan kegiatan upacara keagamaan masyarakat Hindu , (b)Pawongan ( kesejahteraan) yakni perluasan kesempatan kerja, meningkatkan pendapatan masyarakat dan meningkatkan jejaring sosial antara warga, warga dengan lembaga adat, antara lembaga dengan pemerintah, (c) Palemahan (lingkungan) yakni penataan pantai Kedonganan untuk: zone ekonomi (kuliner/kafe, pasar-seni/cendramata), zone keagamaan ( Upacara Melasti ), zone konservasi dan pelestarian sumber alam (penanaman Bakau), dan zone kegiatan nelayan (pasar ikan, penambatan perahu, pelelangan ikan). Kemudian, tingkat koletibilitas dan NPLdari LPD Desa Adat Kedonganan yang masih tinggi menandakan, bahwa LPD masih perlu melakukan penguatan modal sosial masyarakat yakni melalui pembinaan dan penagihan kredit secara intensif dalam rangka meningkatkan kesadaran debitur untuk membayar angsuran sesuai dengan perjanjian yang disepakati. Untuk itu LPD disarankan lebih selektif merealisasikan kredit sebagai upaya menciptakan pelayanan kredit yang sehat dan rendah resiko, sehingga LPD lebih mampu mensejahterakan perekonomian masyarakat desa adat ke depan. Kunci keberhasilan LPD Desa Adat Kedonganan adalah terletak pada lingkungan pengendaliannya yang mengadopsi `kearifan lokal`, terutama dalam mengikat warga desa adat dan nasabah dengan awig-awig desa adat. Dalam kenyataannya bahwa awig-awig desa adat telah puluhan tahun berhasil menekan NPL, di mana sampai saat ini NPL rata-rata masih berada dalam batas mampu menjaga tingkat kesehatan LPD Desa Adat Kedonganan.
English Abstract
Village Credit Institutional (LPD) in Bali since it first established until now quantitatively and financial performance has kept developing, but the condition has not been supported by community maximize. So is LPD customary village of Kedonganan, besides community participation is not optimal, it turns out that the modernization of tourist facility development at Kedonganan beach has generated a strict business competition and is predicted it could change the behavior of communities life. Therefore, social capital (those are: trust, institutional, norms, and networks) as the identity of communities behavior, are predicted to change significantly in the future. The topic of the research is `the role of LPD in the economy empowerment of customary village community based on social capital (case study: at customary village of Kedonganan-Kuta, regency of Badung, province Bali)`. This research is aimed to recognize, study and interpretation of the social capital factors as a basis of LPD`s in economy empowerment of community, at customary village of Kedonganan-Kuta, regency Badung, Province Bali. Based on the result of research is could recognized, those are: 1) trust, institutional, norms and networks become a foundation by LPD`s in the economy empowerment of customary village community, 2) the social capital factors become a foundation by LPD`s in the strategy and the approach in the economy empowerment of customary village community, 3) the implication of the social capital factors by LPD`s in the economy empowerment of customary village community can be seen through: (a) the economy, is strengthening the economy capital of customary village community, (b) the social, is giving contribution social to customary village community who deserved it, (c) the culture, is preserving customary and culture of local community, (d) Hindu religion, is developing physical and non physical (ceremony) facilities and structuring of the beach zone for a ceremonial activity. The meaning of social capital factors can be seen through: (a) Parhyangan (religious), those are a development or renovation to the Kahyangan desa , segara temple, and structuring to the beach of Kedonganan for religious ceremonial of Hindu community, (b) Pawongan (community welfare), those are the wide of employment, increasing income of people, Strengthening the relations and the networks among the individual, between individual to institutional or institutional to government, (c) Palemahan (environment), those are structuring at Kedonganan beach such as: the economy zone (café, arts-market/ souvenir), the activity ceremonial zone ( Melasti ceremony),the activity fisherman zone (fish-market, fisherman infrastructure), the conservation and preservation zone (mangrove crops). Further, the highest level of the collecting and NPL of LPD customary village of Kedonganan, it indicates that the LPD still needs to strengthen to the social capital of community through the coaching and colleting the loans intensively in order to increase the debtor awareness to pay the installment according to the agreement. For that reason LPD is suggested to be more selective to realize the credits as the effort to create the credit service which healthier and lower in risk. So the LPD could be more capable to prosper the economy of customary village community in the future. The key to success of the LPD customary village of Kedonganan, is located on the controller environment of local wisdom adoption, especially on restrictive the union customary village community and customers of The LPD with the customary village awig-awig. In the reality that is the customary village of awig-awig pressed successive to the NPL of LPD over ten year and in this time still in the average of the constraint of NPL for to guard the wealth level of the LPD customary village of Kedonganan.
| Item Type: | Thesis (Doctor) |
|---|---|
| Identification Number: | DES/332.3/DJA/p/061205662 |
| Subjects: | 300 Social sciences > 332 Financial economics > 332.3 Credit and loan institutions |
| Divisions: | S2/S3 > Doktor Ilmu Ekonomi, Fakultas Ekonomi dan Bisnis |
| Depositing User: | Endro Setyobudi |
| Date Deposited: | 23 Jan 2013 16:58 |
| Last Modified: | 23 Jan 2013 16:58 |
| URI: | http://repository.ub.ac.id/id/eprint/160737 |
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