Wahyuni, Rini Dwi (2011) Effect of Enzyme Supplementation in Total Mixed Ration Containing Oil Palm Frond Silage on Productive Performance of Goat. Magister thesis, Universitas Brawijaya.
Abstract
Percobaan ini dilakukan untuk mempelajari efek penambahan TMR yang mengandung silase kelapa sawit (OPF) dengan berbagai tingkat enzim pada asupan pakan, kecernaan tampak, ekologi rumen, kinerja pertumbuhan dan biaya produksi kambing. Dua puluh empat post-weaning boer x thai kambing jantan asli dengan berat badan awal (BW) dari 11 hingga 18 kg, diatur untuk menerima empat perawatan diet dalam desain blok lengkap acak. Diet yang digunakan dalam studi mengandung 60% silase kelapa sawit dan konsentrat 40% (dasar DM). Campuran enzim yang diproduksi oleh Aspergillus spp. BCC 274 kira-kira berisi 1 x 10 7, 9 x 10 6, 2 x 10 6, 1 x 10 6 dan 2 x 10 6 Unit / kg Berat kering untuk xilanase, β-glukanase, selulase, mannanase, dan amilase, ditambah Untuk berkonsentrasi pada bagian 0, 2, 4 dan 6 g / kgdm TMR. Periode studi eksperimen adalah 90 hari. Hasil menunjukkan bahwa suplementasi enzim ke TMR tidak mempengaruhi (P0.05) asupan DM (55,64 hingga 57,04 g / kgbw 0,75), OM (48,41 hingga 50,68 g / kgbw 0,75), cp (9,12 hingga 9,25 g / kgbw 0,75) dan ADF (15,71 hingga 16,56 g / kgbw 0,75), kecuali asupan NDF yang kuadratik dipengaruhi oleh suplementasi enzim (p 0,01). Kambing yang menerima TMR yang ditambah dengan enzim pada 2 g / kgdm memiliki gain harian rata-rata tertinggi secara numerik (ADG) dan penambahan berat badan (40,86 g / d dan 3,67 kg, dan pakan terbaik (10,76). Koefisien kecernaan DM, OM dan CP tidak dipengaruhi secara signifikan oleh suplementasi enzim. Efek kuadrat dari suplementasi enzim pada koefisien kecernaan NDF (p 0,01) diamati. Meningkatnya tingkat suplementasi enzim dalam TMR menghasilkan peningkatan linear (P 0,01) dan kubik (P 0.01) dalam koefisien kecernaan ADF. Mengenai parameter fermentasi rumen, pH cairan ruminal, sarana keseluruhan dari total asam lemak volatil (VFA), termasuk jumlah asam asetat (C 2), asam propionat (C3), dan asam butyric (C 4) dalam cairan rumen, dan darah Konsentrasi urea nitrogen (BUN) tidak berbeda secara signifikan (P0.05) di antara perawatan. Namun, cara keseluruhan konsentrasi ruminal NH 3 -N secara signifikan lebih rendah pada kambing menerima TMR yang ditambah dengan enzim pada 2 g / kgdm (12,56 mg / dl) daripada kambing yang menerima TMR tanpa suplementasi enzim (15,83 mg / dL). Sarana keseluruhan populasi bakteri (1,14 hingga 1,55 x10 10 sel / ml) dan zoospora jamur (4,74 hingga 5,45 x10 6 sel / ml) dalam cairan rumen tidak mempengaruhi suplementasi enzim (P0.05) kecuali populasi protozoa. Sarana keseluruhan populasi protozoa, termasuk Holotrich sp. dan Endodiniomorphs sp. Peningkatan (linear: p 0,05) sebagai akibat dari peningkatan tingkat suplemen enzim. Mempertimbangkan biaya produksi, membesarkan kambing dengan TMR yang ditambah dengan enzim pada 0, 2, 4 dan 6 g / kgdm memiliki untung selama 90 hari membesarkan, bahkan biaya tenaga kerja. Rentang laba adalah 375,00 hingga 480,45 baht / kepala. Namun, ketika mengecualikan biaya tenaga kerja, membesarkan kambing dengan TMR yang ditambah dengan enzim memiliki lebih banyak keuntungan yang berkisar antara 566,25 hingga 671,70 baht / kepala. biaya pemeliharaan per kg kenaikan berat badan terendah ketika kambing menerima tmr ditambah dengan enzim pada 2 g / kgdm (54,57 baht / kepala) diikuti oleh kambing menerima tmr dilengkapi dengan enzim pada 0, 4 dan 6 g / kgdm (64,34, 66,74 dan 74.56 Baht / kepala, masing-masing). Berdasarkan eksperimen ini, penerapan enzim pada 2 g / kgdm di TMR yang mengandung OPF silase dapat meningkatkan ketersediaan ruminal karbohidrat yang dapat dicerna perlahan dan meningkatkan kinerja kambing. Fur rmore, membesarkan kambing dengan TMR yang ditambah dengan enzim pada 2 g / kgdm menunjukkan keuntungan tertinggi dan biaya termurah per kg kenaikan berat badan.
English Abstract
This experiment was conducted to study effects of supplementing TMR containing oil palm frond (OPF) silage with different levels of enzyme on feed intake, apparent digestibility, rumen ecology, growth performance and production cost of goat. Twenty four post-weaning Boer X Thai Native crossbred male goats with initial body weight (BW) of 11 to 18 kg, were arranged to receive four dietary treatments in a randomized complete block design. diet used in study contained 60% oil palm frond silage and 40% concentrate (DM basis). enzyme mixture produced by Aspergillus spp. BCC 274 approximately contained 1 X 10 7 , 9 X 10 6 , 2 X 10 6 , 1 X 10 6 and 2 X 10 6 unit/kg dry weight for xylanase, β-glucanase, cellulase, mannanase and amylase, respectively, were supplemented to concentrate portion at 0, 2, 4 and 6 g/kgDM of TMR. experiment period of study was 90 days. results showed that supplementation of enzyme to TMR did not affect (P0.05) intake of DM (55.64 to 57.04 g/kgBW 0.75 ), OM (48.41 to 50.68 g/kgBW 0.75 ), CP (9.12 to 9.25 g/kgBW 0.75 ) and ADF (15.71 to 16.56 g/kgBW 0.75 ), except NDF intake which was quadratic effected by enzyme supplementation (P 0.01). Goats receiving TMR supplemented with enzyme at 2 g/kgDM had numerically highest average daily gain (ADG) and weight gain (40.86 g/d and 3.67 kg, respectively) and best feed per gain (10.76). Digestibility coefficients of DM, OM and CP were not significantly affected by enzyme supplementation. A quadratic effect of enzyme supplementation on NDF digestibility coefficient (P 0.01) was observed. Increasing level of enzyme supplementation in TMR resulted in a linear (P 0.01) and cubic (P 0.01) increase in ADF digestibility coefficient. Regarding rumen fermentation parameters, ruminal fluid pH, overall means of total volatile fatty acid (VFAs), including amount of acetic acid (C 2 ), propionic acid (C 3 ), and butyric acid (C 4 ) in rumen fluid, and blood urea nitrogen (BUN) concentration were not significantly different (P0.05) among treatments. However, overall means of ruminal NH 3 -N concentration was significantly lower in goat receiving TMR supplemented with enzyme at 2 g/kgDM (12.56 mg/dl) than that of goat receiving TMR with no enzyme supplementation (15.83 mg/dl). Overall means of bacteria population (1.14 to 1.55 x10 10 cell/ml) and fungi zoospores (4.74 to 5.45 x10 6 cell/ml) in rumen fluid did not affect by enzyme supplementation (P0.05) except population of protozoa. Overall means of protozoa population, including both Holotrich sp. and Entodiniomorphs sp. increased (linear: P 0.05) as a result of an increase in level of enzyme supplementation. Considering production cost, rearing goats with TMR supplemented with enzyme at 0, 2, 4 and 6 g/kgDM had a profit during 90 days rearing, even cost of labor was included. range of profit was 375.00 to 480.45 baht/head. However, when excluding cost of labor, rearing goat with TMR supplemented with enzyme had more profit which ranged from 566.25 to 671.70 baht/head. rearing cost per kg weight gain was lowest when goat receiving TMR supplemented with enzyme at 2 g/kgDM (54.57 baht/head) followed by goat receiving TMR supplemented with enzyme at 0, 4 and 6 g/kgDM (64.34, 66.74 and 74.56 baht/head, respectively). Based on this experiment, application of enzyme at 2 g/kgDM in TMR containing OPF silage could increase ruminal availability of slowly digestible carbohydrate and improve goat performance. Fur rmore, rearing goat with TMR supplemented with enzyme at 2 g/kgDM showed highest profit and cheapest cost per kg weight gain.
| Item Type: | Thesis (Magister) |
|---|---|
| Identification Number: | TES/636.086 2/WAH/e/041201159 |
| Subjects: | 600 Technology (Applied sciences) > 636 Animal husbandry > 636.08 Specific topics in animal husbandry |
| Divisions: | S2/S3 > Magister Ilmu Ternak, Fakultas Peternakan |
| Depositing User: | Endro Setyobudi |
| Date Deposited: | 17 Oct 2012 14:58 |
| Last Modified: | 30 Mar 2022 07:34 |
| URI: | http://repository.ub.ac.id/id/eprint/158984 |
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