Nindarwi, DarutiDinda (2013) Respon Imun Non Spesifik Udang Vanname (Litopeaneus vanname) yang Diinduksi Chitosan sebagai Imunomodulator terhadap Paparan Virus IMNV (Infectious Myonecrosis Virus). Magister thesis, Universitas Brawijaya.
Abstract
Penyakit merupakan salah satu kendala besar yang sering terjadi pada budidaya udang vanname (Litopeaneus vanname) baik itu karena virus, bakteri jamur maupun parasit. Virus IMNV merupakan salah satu jenis penyakit yang sering dilaporkan menyebabkan kendala budidaya. Pemberian imunostimulan merupakan salah satu upaya yang dapat dilakukan untuk meningkatkan sistem kekebalan tubuh udang terhadap serangan patogen. Chitosan merupakan polisakarida yang terutama terdiri dari glukosamine, 2 amino – 2 dexoy – β – D – glucose atau yang lebih dikenal sebagai Poly D-glucosamine (β (1-4) 2-amino-2 deoxy- D- glucose), yang dapat berperan sebagai imunostimulan. Penelitian ini dilakukan untuk mengetahui kemampuan chitosan sebagai imunostimulan dalam meningkatkan sistem pertahanan tubuh pada Udang Vanname (Litopeaneus vanname) yang dipapar virus IMNV (Infectious Myonecrosis Virus). Metode yang digunakan adalah metode eksperimen dengan Rancangan Acak Lengkap (RAL), enam perlakuan dan tiga kali ulangan. Enam perlakuan diberikan lewat pakan yang terdiri dari perlakuan 3 ml : 6 ml : 9 ml : 12 ml : 0 ml (kontrol positf) : 0 ml (kontrol negatif)/kg pakan, dan diuji tantang dengan virus IMNV melalui metode injeksi intra muscular. Parameter yang diamati terdiri pengamatan Total Hemocyte Count (THC), Differential Hemocyte Count (DHC), aktifitas fagositosis, kandungan anion super anoksida dan aktifitas phenoloksidase. Pemberian chitosan melalui pakan memberikan pengaruh terhadap total hemosit. Differential hemosit (sel hyalin, semi granular dan granular), aktifitas fagositosis, kandungan anion super anoksida dan aktifitas phenoloksidase. Perlakuan 3 ml/kg pakan memberikan pengaruh tertinggi sebelum dan setelah uji tantang dengan rerata total hemosit 15.980.000 sel/ml dan 12.800.000 sel/ml, differential hemosit sel hyalin 62,67 % dan 55%, sel semi granular 29,33% dan 33% sedangkan sel granular 8% dan 12%, aktifitas fagositosis 58,68%, absorbansi super anosida 0,084 dan absorbansi phenoloksidase 0,07. Berdasarkan hasil penelitian dapat disimpulkan bahwa chitosan dapat berperan sebagai imunostimulan pada udang vannamei (Litopenaeus vannamei) melalui peningkatan sistem pertahanan tubuh atau respon imun non spesifik udang vannamei melalui pengamatan Total Haemocyte Count (THC), Differential Haemocyte Count (DHC), aktifitas fagositosis, kandungan anion superoksida, kandungan phenoloksidase. Hasil terbaik pada penelitian ini adalah pemberian chitosan melalui pakan sebanyak 3 ml/kg pakan.
English Abstract
Disease outbreak is one of the biggest problem that occasionally happen in Pacific White Shrimp`s grow out cultivation (Litopeaneus Vannamei); be it due to viral attack, fungus and bacterial infestation, and/or parasitical organism. A virus named Immuno Myonecrosis Virus or usually called as IMNV has been one of the most reported cause of problem in grow out cultivation. The application of immunostimulant is one of the few ways that shrimps farmers can do in order to increase the shrimps` immune system from phatogenic attack. Chitosan is a form of polysaccharide that consist of glucosamine, 2 amino – 2 dexoy – β – D – glucose, or more well known as Poly D-glucosamine (β (1-4) 2-amino-2 deoxy- D- glucose). This experiment is done to test the ability of chitosan as immunostimulant in increasing the immune system of Pacific White Shrimps that had been infected with IMNV.The method used was complete random design, with six sets of application, each set consisting of three repetitions. Six sets of chitosan application were given orally, each consisting dosage of 3 mL: 6 mL: 9mL: 12 mL: 0 mL (as the positive control): 0 mL (as the negative control) per kilogram of feed. The virus was successfully induced by methods of intra muscular injection. Observations and readings were the noted which consist of Total Haemocyte Count (THC), Differential Haemocyte Count (DHC), fagositosis activity, levels of super-anoxide anion, and phenoloksidase activity. Oral application of chitosan gave effects towards the Total Haemocyte Count, Differential Haemocyte Count (hyaline cell, semi-granular and granular), fagositosis activity, , levels of super-anoxide anion, and phenoloksidase activity. The application set using 3 mL of chitosan per kilogram of feed gave the highest before-and-after results for the experiment with average total of: haemocyte 15.980.000 sel/ml and 12.800.000 sel/ml, differential hemosit hyaline cell 62,67 % and 55%, semi granular cells 29,33% and 33%, granular cells 8% and 12%, fagositosis activity 58,68%, super-anoxide absorbancy 0,084, and phenoloksidase absorbancy 0,07. The experiment concluded that chitosan indeed can act as immunostimulant for the Pacific White Shrimps (Litopenaeus Vannamei) through means of enhancing the body immune system or non-specific immune response. The best result was obtained from the oral application of chitosan in the dosage of 3 mL per kilogram of feed.
| Item Type: | Thesis (Magister) |
|---|---|
| Identification Number: | TES/595.388/NIN/r/041307041 |
| Subjects: | 500 Natural sciences and mathematics > 595 Arthropoda > 595.3 Crustacea |
| Divisions: | S2/S3 > Magister Budidaya Perairan, Fakultas Perikanan dan Ilmu Kelautan |
| Depositing User: | Endro Setyobudi |
| Date Deposited: | 21 Oct 2013 12:57 |
| Last Modified: | 21 Oct 2013 12:57 |
| URI: | http://repository.ub.ac.id/id/eprint/157850 |
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