Pengaruh Komposisi Kitosan terhadap Sifat Mekanik dan Biodegradable Bioplastik

Hartatik, YunitaDwi (2014) Pengaruh Komposisi Kitosan terhadap Sifat Mekanik dan Biodegradable Bioplastik. Sarjana thesis, Universitas Brawijaya.

Abstract

Bioplastik merupakan bahan alternatif untuk menggantikan plastik kemasan konvensional agar tidak mencemari lingkungan. Bioplastik dibuat dengan polimer alam sebagai bahan utama sehingga mudah dicerna oleh mikroorganisme. Penambahan kitosan pada bioplastik diharapkan mampu menghasilkan bioplastik yang tahan lama. Kitosan merupakan biopolimer yang memiliki zat antimicrobial sehingga dapat digunakan sebagai bahan pengawet. Pada penelitian ini dipelajari mengenai pengaruh penambahan kitosan terhadap sifat mekanik dan degradasi bioplastik. Pembuatan bioplastik menggunakan metode blending dan dikeringkan pada suhu ruang (22,0±0,5)°C dengan kelembaban (45±1)% selama 4 hari. Bahan utama bioplastik yang digunakan be-rupa pati ubi kayu, agar-agar, dan gelatin dengan sorbitol dan gliserol sebagai pemlastis. Variasi komposisi kitosan yang ditambahkan adalah 0%, 1%, 2%, 3% dan 5%. Karakterisasi bioplastik dilakukan dengan uji tarik dan uji biodegradable. Selain itu dilakukan pe-ngujian pengaruh pemanasan bioplastik pada suhu 45°C terhadap nilai kuat tarik. Hasil penelitian menunjukkan nilai kuat tarik optimum sebesar (9,85±1,51) MPa pada penambahan kitosan 1%. Sedangkan pe-ngaruh pemanasan bioplastik pada suhu 45°C telah menambah nilai kuat tarik optimum pada penambahan kitosan 3% sebesar (10,88 ± 0,43) MPa. Bioplastik terdegradasi hampir 75% dalam 15 hari.

English Abstract

Bioplastic is an alternative substitute materials to the conventional plastic which more environmental friendly. Bioplastic is made of natural polymer as the main substances, that will be expected become degradable. From this research, the durable bioplastic is to be expected can be produced by adding the chitosan in an optimum percentage. Chitosan is kind of the biopolymer which contain of the microbial substance that can be used as the preservatives. In this research, the effect of the chitosan addition towards the mechanical properties and degradation of the bioplastics is investigated. The bioplastics is produced by blending and dried for 4 days at the room temperature of (22,0±0,5)°C and humidity of (45±1)%. Bioplastics can be made from the main compositions such as cassava starch and gellatine with the sorbitol and glycerol as plastisizer. The chitosan that added into bioplastic is varying from 0%, 1%, 2%, 3% and 5%. The bioplastic characterization was done by using the tensile strength and biodegradable test. Moreover, the effect of the heating process of the bioplastics at temperature 45°C is also been tested. By using this method, the bioplastic with optimum tensile strength (9,85±1,38) MPa can be produced with the optimum chitosan composition of 1%. Bioplastics with higher tensile strength can be reached by heating it up to 45°C with optimum tensile strength (10,88±0,79) MPa can be produced with the optimum chitosan composition of 3%, beside it will degraded up to 75% in 15 days.

Item Type:	Thesis (Sarjana)
Identification Number:	SKR/MIPA/2014/120/051401624
Subjects:	500 Natural sciences and mathematics > 530 Physics
Divisions:	Fakultas Matematika dan Ilmu Pengetahuan Alam > Fisika
Depositing User:	Budi Wahyono Wahyono
Date Deposited:	10 Mar 2014 08:06
Last Modified:	25 Oct 2021 02:51
URI:	http://repository.ub.ac.id/id/eprint/153738

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