Anggarapuri, Randy Yulidar (2015) Pengaruh Penambahan Konsentrasi EM4 dan Lama Waktu Fermentasi pada Teh Kompos Janjang Kosong Kelapa Sawit sebagai Biofungisida terhadap Jamur Ganoderma boninense. Sarjana thesis, Universitas Brawijaya.
Abstract
Kelapa sawit (Elaeis quinensis Jacq) merupakan tanaman perkebunan yang mempunyai peran strategis dalam perkembangan industri di Indonesia. Peran tersebut didukung dengan peningkatan luas perkebunan kelapa sawit. Hingga tahun 2014 luas areal kelapa sawit mencapai 10,9 juta Ha dengan laju pertumbuhan rata-rata 7,67%/tahun. Namun peningkatan luas perkebunan belum mampu meningkatkan produktivitas secara efektif karena adanya kendala. Salah satu kendala diantaranya serangan hama dan penyakit tanaman seperti penyakit busuk pangkal batang (BPB) yang disebabkan jamur Ganoderma boninense. BPB dapat merusak tanaman kelapa sawit dengan persentase kejadian mencapai 80%. Pengendalian penyakit khususnya yang disebabkan jamur sering menggunakan fungisida kimia namun dalam jangka waktu lama dapat merusak kondisi tanah dan meninggalkan residu. Oleh karena itu diperlukan pengendalian yang lebih ramah lingkungan, salah satunya penggunaan teh kompos. Penelitian mengenai pengendalian penyakit tanaman dengan teh kompos telah banyak dilakukan. Adapun penelitian ini dilakukan untuk mengetahui kemampuan teh kompos dari kompos janjang kosong sebagai pengendalian Ganoderma boninense. Pembuatan teh kompos dilakukan dengan bahan baku kompos janjang kosong dan air, ditambahkan molase sebagai nutrisi dan EM4 sebagai microbial supplement dan difermentasi. Rancangan penelitian yang digunakan adalah Rancangan Acak Kelompok Faktorial dengan 2 faktor, yaitu faktor banyaknya penambahan konsentrasi EM4 yang terdiri dari 4 level (0% v/v; 0,5% v/v; 1,5% v/v; 2,5% v/v) dan lama fermentasi terdiri dari 3 level (24; 48; 72 jam), dengan 3 ulangan. Pengujian kemampuan teh kompos janjang kosong untuk mengendalikan pertumbuhan Ganoderma boninense dengan menghitung persentase daya hambat. Hasil penelitian menunjukkan bahwa lama waktu fermentasi berpengaruh signifikan terhadap persentase daya hambat teh kompos. Teh kompos hasil perlakuan terbaik yaitu pada perlakuan T3E2 (lama waktu 72 jam dan EM4 1,5%) dengan persentase daya hambat tehadap Ganoderma boninense sebesar 91,00%. Diduga dengan bertambahnya waktu fermentasi dapat meningkatkan kemampuan daya hambat teh kompos. Penambahan EM4 yang optimal juga dapat meningkatkan kemampuan daya hambat, namun penambahan EM4 yang terlalu banyak dapat menurunkan kemampuan daya hambat. Adapun karakterisasi teh kompos pada perlakuan T3E2 yaitu total bakteri 4,11x108 CFU/ml; pH 7,11; dan dissolved oxygen (DO) 4,18.
English Abstract
The palm oil (Elaeis quinensis Jacq) is plantation crop which has strategic role to industrial development in Indonesia. The role is supported by the increase of palm oil plantations area. Until 2014 wide of palm oil plantation area reached 10.9 million hectares with average of growth rate in amount of 7.67%/ year. However, the increase of plantation area has not been able to increase the productivity as effectively because of the constraints were presented. One of the constraint is including pests and plant diseases such as basal stem rot (BSR) caused by the fungus Ganoderma boninense. BSR could damage oil palm trees until 80%. Control of fungal diseases oftenly use chemical fungicides, but in the long term usage, it can damage soil and will leave some residue. Therefore environmental friendly controls were necessary considered. One of it is usage of compost tea. Research in compost tea to control plant diseases has been carried out. This study was conducted to determine the ability of compost tea is made from the empty fruit bunch compost as a control of Ganoderma boninense. Compost tea was made from mixing of empty fruit bunch compost and water with molasses addition as nutrition and EM4 as microbial supplement then was fermented. The applicated experimental design was Factorial Randomized Block Design with two factors, namely the amount of addition of EM4 concentration consisted of 4 levels (0% v/v; 0.5% v/v; 1.5% v/v, 2.5 % v/v) and fermentation time consisted of three levels (24; 48; 72 hours), with three replications. Ability of compost tea to control Ganoderma boninense growth was described by the level of inhibiton (in percentage). The result showed that fermentation time significantly effect to the level of inhibiton by xi compost tea. The best compost tea was gained by combination treatment of 72 hours fermentation time and EM4 addition as much as 1,5% (v/v) with level of inhibiton up to 91%. It was estimated that increase of fermentation time can increase the level of inhibiton by compost tea. Otherwise, the optimal EM4 addition can increase the level of inhibiton. However the execessive addition of EM4 influence the decrease of inhibiton level. The characteristic of the best compost tea is then explained by total bacterial population as much as 4,11x108 log CFU/ml; pH in amount of 7.11; and dissolved oxygen (DO) 4.18 mg/
| Item Type: | Thesis (Sarjana) |
|---|---|
| Identification Number: | SKR/FTP/2015/362/051508651 |
| Uncontrolled Keywords: | Daya Hambat, Dissolved oxygen, pH, Total bakteri,-Dissolved oxygen, Inhibition, pH, Total bacteria |
| Subjects: | 300 Social sciences > 338 Production > 338.1 Agriculture |
| Divisions: | Fakultas Teknologi Pertanian > Teknologi Industri Pertanian |
| Depositing User: | Budi Wahyono Wahyono |
| Date Deposited: | 04 Jan 2016 15:53 |
| Last Modified: | 25 Nov 2021 02:38 |
| URI: | http://repository.ub.ac.id/id/eprint/150271 |
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