Perdana, Litapuspita Rizka (2015) Uji Performansi Unit Penyulingan Uap Skala Laboratorium pada Daun Cengkeh dengan Pretreatment Pencacahan Daun Cengkeh. Sarjana thesis, Universitas Brawijaya.
Abstract
Indonesia Adalah Salah Satu Penghasil Minyak Atsiri Yang Cukup Penting Di Dunia. Minyak Atsiri Juga Dikenal Dengan Nama Minyak Terbang Atau Minyak Eteris (Essensial Oil Atau Volatile) Yang Dihasilkan Dari Berbagai Bagian Tanaman, Seperti Akar, Batang, Ranting, Daun, Bunga, Atau Buah. Salah Satu Minyak Atsiri Yang Banyak Dikembangkan Di Pulau Jawa Adalah Minyak Cengkeh. Minyak Cengkeh Bisa Didapatkan Dari Bagian Bunga, Tangkai, Maupun Daunnya Sehingga Pemanfaatan Tanaman Cengkeh Untuk Menghasilkan Minyak Cengkeh Bisa Lebih Banyak. Namun, Dalam Pemanfaatannya Para Petani Suling Daun Cengkeh Tidak Melakukan Pretreatment Yang Dapat Meningkatkan Volume Rendemen Minyak Daun Cengkeh. Pencacahan Atau Perajangan Berfungsi Untuk Mempermudah Penguapan Minyak Atsiri Yang Terdapat Pada Kantung Minyak Di Dalam Ruang Antar Sel Dalam Jaringan. Penelitian Ini Bertujuan Untuk Mengetahui Performansi Suatu Unit Penyulingan Jika Bahan Diberi Perlakuan Pretreatment Pencacahan Sehingga Dapat Diketahui Pengaruh Pretreatment Yang Dilakukan Pada Daun Cengkeh Terhadap Rendemen Minyak Cengkeh, Volume Kondensat, Kadar Minyak Dalam Kondensat, Laju Aliran Kondensat, Dan Massa Jenis Minyak. Hasil Dari Penelitian Ini Adalah Mengacu Pada Perbedaan Ukuran Daun Yang Disuling Dan Penyulingan Dalam Waktu 5 Jam. Dari Penelitian Ini Didapat Volume Kondensat Tertinggi Dihasilkan Oleh Daun Dengan Cacahan Halus Sebesar 6146 Ml, Sedangkan Cacahan Kasar Sebesar 6078 Ml, Dan Cacahan Halus Sebesar 6146 Ml. Selanjutnya Laju Aliran Kondensat Yang Dihasilkan Dari Penyulingan Daun Cacahan Halus Lebih Tinggi Yaitu 1229,2ml.Jam-1, Sedangkan Cacahan Kasar Memiliki Sedikit Selisih Yaitu 1215,6 Ml.Jam-1, Dan Terendah Adalah Tanpa Cacahan 678 Ml. Rendemen Tertinggi Sebagai Produk Minyak Daun Cengkeh Dihasilkan Oleh Cacahan Kasar 0,752%, Selanjutnya 0,394% Pada Cacahan Halus, Dan Tanpa Pencacahan Yatu 0,165%. Kadar Minyak Dalam Kondensat Tertinggi Adalah Volume 6078 Ml Yang Dihasilkan Cacahan Kasar, Volume 6146 Ml Yang Dihasilkan Cacahan Halus Memiliki Kadar Minyak Dalam Kondensat Sebesar 0,0585%, Dan Volume 3390 Ml Yang Dihasilkan Daun Tanpa Cacahan Memiliki Kadar Minyak Dalam Kondensat Sebesar 0,0188%. Namun Massa Jenis Minyak Daun Cengkeh Yang Dihasilkan Dari Penelitian Ini Tidak Memenuhi Standar. Diantara Ketiga Jenis Daun Tersebut Yang Paling Banyak Menghasilkan Minyak Adalah Daun Cacahan Kasar.
English Abstract
Indonesia Is One Of The Volatile Oil Producer Which Is Quite Important In The World. A Volatile Oil Also Known As The Flying Oil Or Eteris Oil (Essensial Oil Atau Volatile) Which Produced From Various Plant Parts, As The Root, The Stem, Twigs, Leaves, Flower, Or Fruit. One Of The Volatile Oil Of Which Many Developed In Java Island Is The Oil Of Cloves. Oil Of Cloves Can Be Obtained From The Interest , The Stalk , And Its Leaves Are So That The Use Of Plant Cloves To Produce Oil Of Cloves To Produce More Oil. But , In Its Use Of The Farmers Distilled Leaves Cloves Not Doing Pretreatment That Can Increase The Volume Of Rendemen Clove Volatile Oil Of The Leaves. Cutting Up The Leaves Serves To Ease The Evaporation Of Volatile Oil Contained In A Sac Oil In The Space Between Cells In Tissue. This Research Aims To Know The Performance Of A Refining Unit If The Material Is Given Preferential Treatment So That Counting Can Be Known The Pretreatment Effect Of Pretreatment Is Performed On The Leaves And Cloves To Yield Oil Of Clove, The Volume Of Condensate, Oil Levels In The Condensate, The Condensate Flow Rate, Mass And Type Of Oil. The Result Of This Research Was Referring To The Difference A Size Leaves That Distilled And Distilling In A Time Of 5 Hours. Of The Research Is Obtainable Highest Condensate Produced By A Smooth Leaves With 6146 Ml While Rough Leaves 6078 Ml. Then The Rate Of Flow Of Condensate Produced Of Distilling Smooth Leaves Higher Namely 122 Ml/Hour, While Rough Leaves Have Little Difference Is 1215,6 Ml/Hour, And The Lowest Is Normal Leaves 678 Ml/ Hour. Highest Rendemen As A Product Produced By Oil Of Cloves 0,752% Rough Leaves, Smooth Leaves 0,394%, And Normal Leaves 0,165%. The Results Of Which Were Found This Is A Volume Rendemen Each Hour The Same Thing In Three Times The Process Of Distillation.This Is Caused By The Results Of Too Little Making It Difficult To Separated. The Highest Levels Of Oil In The Condensate Is The Volume Of The Resulting 6078 Ml Rough Leaves. Volume 6146 Ml Have Produced By Smooth Leaves Refined In Condensate 0,0585%, And Volume 3390 Ml Of Normal Leaves Have Oil In Condesate 0,0188%. But A Mass Of Type Of Oil Leaves Cloves Resulting From This Research Does Not Meet The Standard. Among The Three Types Of The Leaves Of Which Most Oil Is Produce Leaves Leaves Rough
| Item Type: | Thesis (Sarjana) |
|---|---|
| Identification Number: | SKR/FTP/2015/122/051503417 |
| Divisions: | Fakultas Teknologi Pertanian > Keteknikan Pertanian |
| Depositing User: | Budi Wahyono Wahyono |
| Date Deposited: | 20 May 2015 14:07 |
| Last Modified: | 12 Nov 2021 07:51 |
| URI: | http://repository.ub.ac.id/id/eprint/150005 |
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