Kurniati, Yeni (2014) Pengaruh Konsentrasi Basa (Naoh) Dan Kandungan Asam Lemak Bebas (ALB) Pada Crude Palm Oil (CPO) Terhadap Kualitas Minyak Kelapa Sawit Pasca Netralisasi. Sarjana thesis, Universitas Brawijaya.
Abstract
Kadar asam lemak bebas pada CPO akan mengalami kenaikan sebesar 0.2404 – 0.2470 % perharinya. Kenaikan asam lemak bebas selama penyimpanan, akan mempengaruhi hasil rendemen minyak dari pengolahan CPO. Minyak kelapa sawit kasar yang memiliki asam lemak bebas tinggi, cenderung akan menurunkan rendemen minyak kelapa sawit murni (hasil refining) yaitu sekitar ± 5-13%. Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk mengetahui pengaruh konsentrasi NaOH dan asam lemak bebas bahan baku pada proses netralisasi terhadap kualitas mutu minyak sawit kasar (CPO) dan interaksinya. Metode penelitian yang digunakan dalam penelitian ini adalah Rancangan Acak Kelompok (RAK) dengan dua faktor yaitu faktor pertama konsentrasi basa NaOH dan faktor kedua kadar asam lemak bebas CPO. Didapatkan 9 kombinasi perlakuan, yang masing-masing dilakukan ulangan sebanyak 3 kali ulangan. Data dianalisis dengan menggunakan metode analisis ragam (Analysis of variant atau ANOVA) dilanjutkan dengan uji lanjut BNT atau DMRT dengan selang kepercayaan 5 %. Parameter yang diamatai setelah netralisasi yaitu kadar asam lemak bebas, kadar air, kadar kotoran, berat jenis, bilangan penyabunan, dan rendemen. Hasil penelitian menunjukkan bahwa kadar ALB CPO berpengaruh nyata (α = 0.05 ) terhadap kadar ALB dan rendemen minyak kelapa sawit pasca netralisasi. Konsentrasi basa NaOH berpengaruh nyata (α = 0.05 ) terhadap kadar ALB, rendemen, kadar air, kadar kotoran, berat jenis, dan bilangan penyabunan minyak kelapa sawit pasca netralisasi. Sedangkan interaksi antara kedua perlakuan tersebut berpengaruh nyata (α = 0.05 ) terhadap kadar ALB dan rendemen minyak kelapa sawit pasca netralisasi. Nilai refining faktor terkecil pada perlakuan kadar ALB CPO 3% ± 0.05, 4% ± 0.05 dan 5% ± 0.05 rata-rata ditunjukkan pada penggunaan konsentrasi basa NaOH 14°Be yaitu berturut-turut sebesar 8.4150, 6.0451, dan 5.4554. Kadar ALB dan kadar air dalam minyak kelapa sawit pasca netralisasi menunjukkan adanya korelasi. Semakin rendah kadar air dalam minyak maka kadar ALB juga menurun.
English Abstract
Levels of free fatty acids in palm oil will increase by 0.2404 - 0.2470% per day. The increase in free fatty acids during storage, the oil will affect the results of processing the oil yield. Crude palm oil having high free fatty acids, tends to lower the yield of pure palm oil (refining results) which is about ± 5-13%. This study aims to determine the effect of NaOH concentration and free fatty acids on the quality of raw material quality crude palm oil (CPO) and their interactions. The method used in this study was a randomized block design (RBD) with two factors: the first factor concentration and the second NaOH alkaline levels of free fatty acids crude palm oil. Obtained 9 treatment combinations, each of which replicates performed 3 times. Data were analyzed by using analysis of variance (ANOVA Analysis of variant or) followed by further test BNT or DMRT at 5% confidence interval. The parameters are observed after neutralization of free fatty acid levels, moisture, dirt content, specific gravity, saponification number, and yield. The results showed that the levels of free fatty acids crude palm oil (CPO) significant effect (α = 0.05) to the levels of free fatty acids and yield of palm oil after neutralization. The concentration of NaOH alkaline significant effect (α = 0.05) to the levels of free fatty acids, yield, moisture content, impurities level, specific gravity, and a saponification number of palm oil after neutralization. While the interaction between the two treatments significantly (α = 0.05) to the levels of free fatty acids and yield of palm oil after neutralization. Refining the value of the smallest factor in the treatment of free fatty acids crude palm oil levels 3% ± 0.05, 4% ± 0.05 and 5% ± 0.05, is shown in the use of alkaline concentration of NaOH 14 ° Be is a row of 8.4150, 6.0451, and 5.4554. Free fatty acids levels and water content in palm oil after neutralization showed a correlation. The lower the water content in the oil free fatty acids levels also decreased.
| Item Type: | Thesis (Sarjana) |
|---|---|
| Identification Number: | SKR/FTP/2014/78/051401979 |
| Subjects: | 300 Social sciences > 338 Production > 338.1 Agriculture |
| Divisions: | Fakultas Teknologi Pertanian > Teknologi Industri Pertanian |
| Depositing User: | Hasbi |
| Date Deposited: | 19 Mar 2014 14:28 |
| Last Modified: | 21 Oct 2021 06:28 |
| URI: | http://repository.ub.ac.id/id/eprint/149955 |
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