DianIndriana (2010) Analisis Kualitas Effluent Pada Sistem Pengolahan Limbah Cair Industri Tapioka Secara Aerob : kajian Penentuan Jumlah Penambahan Inokulum dan Bahan Penyangga. Sarjana thesis, Universitas Brawijaya.
Abstract
Salah satu industri pangan yang menghasilkan limbah dalam proses pengolahannya adalah industri tapioka. Industri tapioka selain memproduksi tepung tapioka juga menghasilkan produk sampingan berupa limbah cair dan padat. Selama ini limbah padat tapioka sudah dapat diolah kembali dengan baik sedangkan limbah cairnya belum diolah secara efektif sehingga masih menimbulkan dampak negatif pada lingkungan. Tujuan penelitian adalah untuk menentukan kombinasi jumlah inokulum dan bahan penyangga yang dapat menurunkan kandungan BOD, COD, TSS dan menaikkan pH yang memenuhi standar baku mutu limbah cair tapioka. Penelitian dilaksanakan pada bulan Juli -September 2009 di Laboratorium Bioindustri dan Laboratorium Perusahaan Jasa Tirta, Malang. Penelitian ini menggunakan metode RAK yang disusun secara faktorial terdiri dari 2 faktor, yaitu bahan penyangga dan jumlah inokulum. Faktor I yaitu (bahan penyangga) terdiri dari 5 level yaitu (pasir, kerikil, tanah, ijuk, anyaman bambu) dan faktor II yaitu (jumlah inokulum) terdiri dari 3 level yaitu (0%, 1%, 2%). Data hasil pengamatan di analisa menggunakan uji ANOVA, uji BNT 5% dan uji Duncan 5%. Perlakuan terbaik ditentukan berdasarkan nilai parameter (BOD, COD, TSS, pH) yang memenuhi atau mendekati baku mutu limbah cair tapioka. Berdasarkan hasil penelitian, karakteristik awal limbah cair tapioka berwarna putih keruh, kenampakan keruh dan mengeluarkan bau masam menyengat. Secara umum karakteristik awal limbah cair tapioka belum memenuhi standar baku mutu limbah cair tapioka sehingga berpotensi mencemari lingkungan, dimana nilai BOD 1702,10 mg/L, COD 6370,4 mg/L, TSS 206,6 mg/L dan pH 5,8. Meskipun begitu, setelah dilakukan pengolahan secara aerob dengan penambahan aerasi, menunjukkan bahwa adanya perubahan nilai-nilai parameter yang memenuhi standar. Kombinasi perlakuan terbaik adalah dengan menggunakan bahan penyangga kerikil dan tanpa penambahan inokulum (0%). Nilai rerata untuk perlakuan ini berturut-turut sebagai berikut BOD 26,3 mg/l, COD 90,5 mg/l, TSS 26,3 dan pH 7,3. Dari perhitungan Removal effectiveness nilai yang didapat lebih besar dari 80 % yakni BOD sebesar 98,4 %, COD sebesar 98,6 %, dan TSS sebesar 87,3 %
English Abstract
One of the food industries which produce waste within theirs process is tapioca industry, classified as liquid and solid waste. Currently, there is much utilization or reusing of tapioca’s solid waste, such as for pet food. While, the liquid waste are considered as less benefit and direcly disposed to the river. The research objective was to determine the combination of inoculum concentration and the natural filter types in reducing the BOD, COD, TSS, as well as increasing pH value, in order to meet the quality standards. The research was conducted from July to September 2009 in the Bioindustry Laboratory and the Laboratory of Jasa Tirta Corporation, Malang. Random Design Group was used in this research consisting of the 2 factors, namely natural filter types and inoculum concentration. Factor I consisted of 5 levels which were gravel, sand, soil, coconut’s fibers, and woven bamb. Then, factor II consisted of 3 level (0%, 1%, and 2%). The data obtained were analyzed by ANOVA test, BNT 5% test and Duncan 5% test. The best treatment was chosen based on the parameters value that had lower or slightly the same value with the standard of effluent for tapioca wastewater. The research results showed that the characteristic of tapioca’s wastewater before treatment was white cloudy in color, turbid, ad release unpleasant smell. Furthermore, the value of chosen parameters was higher that that of the standard, which measured for BOD (1702.10 mg/l) ,COD (6370.4 mgl/ l), TSS (206.6 mg/l) and pH (5.8). However, after aerobic treatment with the addition of aeration, it was demonstrated that the parameters values had changed and met the standard. In addition, the best combination treatment was gravel as natural filter and without addition of inoculum (0%). The average values for this treatment were as follows: BOD of 26.3 mg /l, COD of 90.5 mg/l, TSS of 26.3 mg/l and pH of 7.3, respectivelly. Effectiveness removal was higher than 80% calculated for BOD (98.4 %), COD 98.6 %), and TSS (87.3 %).
| Item Type: | Thesis (Sarjana) |
|---|---|
| Identification Number: | SKR/FTP/2010/12/051000227 |
| Subjects: | 300 Social sciences > 338 Production > 338.1 Agriculture |
| Divisions: | Fakultas Teknologi Pertanian > Teknologi Industri Pertanian |
| Depositing User: | Unnamed user with email repository.ub@ub.ac.id |
| Date Deposited: | 17 Feb 2010 10:25 |
| Last Modified: | 21 Oct 2021 06:01 |
| URI: | http://repository.ub.ac.id/id/eprint/148374 |
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