NurKholis (2009) Optimasi Sintesis Fosfolipid Terstruktur Kaya Asam Lemak Omega-3 oleh Lipase Rhizomucor miehei Antara Fosfolipid Serat Sawit dengan Konsentrat Omega-3 dari Minyak Hasil Samping Pengalengan Ikan Lemuru. Sarjana thesis, Universitas Brawijaya.
Abstract
Serat sawit merupakan sumber fosfolipid yang potensial dengan kadar mencapai 1,02%. Salah satu upaya untuk meningkatkan nilai fungsional dari senyawa fosfolipid adalah dengan memodifikasi gugus asil dengan asam lemak omega-3 melalui reaksi asidolisis menghasilkan fosfolipid terstruktur kaya omega-3. Sumber asam lemak omega-3 dapat diperoleh dari minyak hasil samping pengalengan ikan lemuru yang diproses menjadi konsentrat dengan metode kristalisasi urea. Sintesis fosfolipid terstruktur dapat dilakukan secara enzimatis menggunakan lipase Rhizomucor miehei yang memiliki spesifisitas yang tinggi untuk menstrukturkan asam lemak omega-3 pada fosfolipid di posisi sn-1. Tujuan dari penelitian adalah menentukan rasio asam lemak : fosfolipid dan lama reaksi yang optimum untuk menghasilkan fosfolipid terstruktur dengan derajat inkorporasi asam lemak omega-3 yang tertinggi. Penelitian ini dilakukan dengan Metode Permukaan Respon menggunakan Rancangan Komposit Pusat yang terdiri dari 2 variabel yaitu: rasio asam lemak:fosfolipid = 2,5 :1; 3,5:1; 4,5:1 (b/b) dan lama reaksi = 12, 24, 36 jam. Analisis data dilakukan dengan program Design Expert DX 7.1.6. Optimasi proses sintesis dengan metode permukaan respon menghasilkan persamaan model regresi kuadratik aktual sebagai berikut: Y = -1188,02 + 643,05A + 42,03B – 0,91AB – 84,80A2 – 0,78B2, di mana A = rasio asam lemak dan B = lama reaksi. Hasil analisis Kanonik menunjukkan kondisi optimum proses sintesis fosfolipid terstruktur diperoleh pada rasio asam lemak:fosfolipid 3,66:1 (b/b) dengan lama reaksi 24,95 jam. Kadar EPA dan DHA total hasil optimasi sebesar 965,37 mg/100g dengan derajat inkoporasi EPA 17,04% dan DHA 10,54%. Pada profil fosfolipid terstruktur terlihat adanya pengayaan beberapa jenis asam lemak baru, antara lain: asam linoleat, asam linolenat, EPA dan DHA. Sementara urutan kereaktifan lipase R. miehei dalam menginkorporasikan EPA dan DHA pada masing-masing fraksi fosfolipid, yaitu: PE>PG>PI>DPG>PC>PA.
English Abstract
Palm pressed fiber was a potential source of phospholipids with the concentration of 1,02%. One way to improve the functional properties of phospholipids was by modification of its asil group with omega-3 fatty acids through acidolysis reaction produce structured phospholipids rich omega-3. Source of omega-3 fatty acids could be derived from oil of by product of lemuru canning process that was processed to be a concentrate form by urea crystallization method. Synthesis of structured phospholipids could be done by enzymatic reaction using Rhizomucor miehei lipase that had high specificity to incorporate omega-3 fatty acids into phospholipid structure at sn-1 position. The aim of this research was to determine optimum point of fatty acids to phospholipids ratio and reaction time in order to be obtained the highest degree of omega-3 incorporation on structured phospholipids. Optimization process used Response Surface Method (RSM) with Central Composite Design that consist of two variables, ratio of fatty acids to phospholipids = 2,5 :1; 3,5:1; 4,5:1 (w/w) and reaction time = 12, 24, 36 hours. The data was analyzed by Design Expert DX 7.1.6 software program. The result of response surface analyzes gave an equation of quadratic model, Y = -1188,02 + 643,05A + 42,03B – 0,91AB – 84,80A2 – 0,78B2, where A= ratio of fatty acids to phospholipids and B = reaction time. Then, the result of Canonic analyzes showed that the optimum condition of synthesis process of structured phospholipids was obtained at ratio of fatty acids to phospholipids 3,66:1 and reaction time of 24,95 hours. At this optimum condition, EPA and DHA total concentrations was 965,37 mg/100g with the incorporation degree of EPA 17,04% and DHA 10,54%. From the profile of structured phosholipids showed that there was an enrichment of some kinds of new fatty acids, such as: linoleic acid, linolenic acid, EPA and DHA. Meanwhile, the following order of R. miehei lipase reactivity to incorporate EPA and DHA into each fractions of phospholipids was PE>PG>PI>DPG>PC>PA.
| Item Type: | Thesis (Sarjana) |
|---|---|
| Identification Number: | SKR/FTP/2009/278/051000069 |
| Subjects: | 300 Social sciences > 338 Production > 338.1 Agriculture |
| Divisions: | Fakultas Teknologi Pertanian > Teknologi Hasil Pertanian |
| Depositing User: | Unnamed user with email repository.ub@ub.ac.id |
| Date Deposited: | 22 Jan 2010 09:22 |
| Last Modified: | 21 Oct 2021 13:25 |
| URI: | http://repository.ub.ac.id/id/eprint/148284 |
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