Sitaresmi, Devi Triwidya (2015) Indikator Pertambangan Batubara Yang Berkelanjutan Dan Alternatif Sektor Non Pertambangan Sebagai Strategi Pengembangan Wilayah Paska Tambang (Studi Kasus : Kabupaten Kutai Timur). Sarjana thesis, Universitas Brawijaya.
Abstract
Kabupaten Kutai Timur yang memiliki potensi bahan galian berupa batubara. Hal ini dapat dilihat berdasarkan hasil produksi batubara di Kabupaten Kutai Timur selalu mengalami peningkatan, dimana antara tahun 2010-2011 terjadi peningkatan yang signifikan (Kutai Timur dalam Angka, 2013). Kegiatan pertambangan batubara pada Kabupaten Kutai Timur didukung pula dengan salah satu fungsi kegiatan Kota Sangatta (Ibu Kota Kabupaten Kutai Timur), yaitu sebagai pusat pengolahan hasil tambang batubara (Laporan akhir Tatrawil Provinsi Kalimantan Timur).Pada Kabupaten Kutai Timur, tepatnya di Kecamatan Sangatta Utara beroperasi sebuah perusahaan pertambangan batubara yang berskala internasional yaitu PT.KPC. Pada banyak kasus keberadaan tambang batubara dapat memberikan dampak negatif khususnya terhadap lingkungan. Kota Sangatta yang merupakan ibukota Kabupaten Kutai Timur adalah salah satu daerah yang terkena dampak lingkungan seperti pencemaran udara (debu) dari adanya kegiatan pertambangan batubara (kaltim.tribunnews.com). Pencemaran lingkungan juga terjadi pada Sungai Sangatta, dimana dengan adanya limbah batubara dikhawatirkan akan terjadi pendangkalan dan penyempitan sungai (www.antaranews.com).Dampak kegiatan pertambangan tidak hanya berupa dampak negatif, tetapi juga dampak positif terhadap pendapatan daerah dan perekonomian masyarakat (Sustainibility Report Laporan Keberlanjutan PT.KPC, 2012), namun tingkat ekonomi yang positif tersebut perlu untuk dioptimalkan dalam mengurangi dampak negatif yang ditimbulkan, dalam hal ini yaitu perbaikan kualitas lingkungan, dimana saat ini terdapat 20 lubang galian tambang dan 3 diantara sedang dilakukan reklamasi, namun saat ini belum ditetapkan kegiatan yang akan dilakukan untuk mengisi kegiatan reklamasi pada lubang galian batubara paska tambang.Penelitian ditujukan untuk (1) Untuk menetapkan prioritas kegiatan pertambangan batubara yang berkelanjutan di Kabupaten Kutai Timur, dan (2) Menyeleksi sektor-sektor non pertambangan sebagai strategi pengembangan wilayah paska tambang batubara di Kabupaten Kutai Timur..Indikator pertambangan batubara yang berkelanjutan terdiri dari : (1) peningkatan kualitas lingkungan,(2)restorasi lansekap, (3) kofisien ruang hijau, (4)reboisasi, (5)daur ulang limbah, (6) pemanfaatan kembali lahan bekas tambang, (7) pendapatan bagi pemerintah, (8) pendapatan bagi masyarakat. Indikator tersebut akan dianalisis dengan metode AHP untuk menghasilkan nilai bobot sehingga dapat menentukan prioritas indikator.Sektor non pertambangan yang dianalisis terdiri dari : (1) Pertanian, (2) Pertambangan & Penggalian, (3) Industri Pengolahan, (4) Listrik, Gas & Air Bersih, (5) Bangunan, (6) Perdagangan, Hotel & Restoran, (7) Pengangkutan & Komunikasi, (8) Keuangan, Persewaan dn Jasa Perusahaan, (9) Jasa.Hasil penelitian menunjukkan bahwa pada variabel biaya, indikator yang diprioritaskan adalah peningkatan kualitas lingkungan dengan nilai 0,882. Pada variabel proteksi lingkungan indikator yang diprioritaskan adalah pemanfaatan kembali lahan bekas tambang dengan nilai 0,410, sedangkan pada variabel keuntungan indikator yang diprioritaskan adalah pendapatan bagi masyarakat dengan nilai sebesar 0,614.Berdasarkan penentuan prioritas indikator demi tercapainya pertambangan batubara yang berkelanjutan, namun tidak menutup kemungkinan bahwa suatu saat kegiatan pertambangan akan berhenti, oleh karena itu perlu dilakukan sektor non pertambangan yang berpotensi dikembangkan paska tambang. Berdasarkan hasil penelitian, sektor pertanian dengan sub sektor perkebunan dan petenakan memiliki potensi untuk dikembangkan di Kabupaten KutaiTimur.Pada sub sektor perkebunan, komoditi yang berpotensi untuk dikembangkan adalah kelapa sawit, sedangkan pada sub sektor peternakan yang berpotensi untuk dikembangkan adalah ternak sapi potong. Komoditas kelapa sawit jika menjadi alternatif sektor non pertambangan pada saat dilakukan reklamasi, dimana dijual dalam bentuk TBS, maka pendapatan bersih kelapa sawit sebesar 25,5% dari pendapatan bersih batubara, sedangkan jika lahan reklamasi digunakan untuk peternakan sapi potong, maka pendapatan kotornya sebesar 8,8% dari pendapatan bersih batubara.
| Item Type: | Thesis (Sarjana) |
|---|---|
| Identification Number: | SKR/FT/2015/206/051502027 |
| Subjects: | 300 Social sciences > 307 Communities > 307.1 Planning and development > 307.121 6 City planning |
| Divisions: | Fakultas Teknik > Teknik Perencanaa Wilayah dan Kota |
| Depositing User: | Samsul Arifin |
| Date Deposited: | 23 Mar 2015 09:39 |
| Last Modified: | 14 Feb 2022 04:32 |
| URI: | http://repository.ub.ac.id/id/eprint/143261 |
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