Rakhmah, Yusrina (2011) Karakterisasi Antibakteri Staphylococcus aureus dan Escherichia coli dari Ekstrak Mangrove Rhizophora mucronata. Sarjana thesis, Universitas Brawijaya.
Abstract
Saat ini, lebih dari 90% kejadian penyakit pada manusia disebabkan mengkonsumsi makanan yang tercemar bakteri patogen (foodborne diseases), seperti penyakit tifus, disentri, batulisme dan intoksikasi bakteri lainnya seperti hepatitis A. Escherichia coli dan Staphylococcus aureus merupakan contoh bakteri patogen yang sering ditemukan pada kasus-kasus keracunan makanan. Pengobatan untuk penyakit keracunan makanan akibat bakteri patogen ialah antibakteri yang dapat menghambat pertumbuhan bakteri patogen tersebut. Bahan antibakteri dapat disintesis dari bahan organik maupun anorganik. Antibakteri anorganik biasa disintesis dari bahan-bahan kimiawi, sedangkan antibakteri organik disintesis dari bahan alam atau tumbuhan, seperti mangrove. Bagi masyarakat pesisir, ekstrak dan bahan mentah dari mangrove banyak dimanfaatkan untuk keperluan obat-obatan alamiah. Ekstrak mangrove serta spesies yang bersimbiosis pada mangrove tersebut terbukti memiliki metabolit sekunder yang berfungsi sebagai bioaktif, seperti tannin, alkaloid, dan polyphenol. Salah satu metabolit sekunder yang memiliki aktivitas antimikroba, yaitu flavonoid, juga terdapat dalam komposisi senyawa mangrove. Berdasarkan potensi agrokimia dan senyawa yang bernilai medis dari mangrove, maka perlu dilakukan eksplorasi tentang aktivitas antibakteri dari mangrove Rhizophora mucronata, khususnya terhadap Staphylococcus aureus dan Escherichia coli. Sehingga didapatkan agen-agen antibakteri baru, yaitu bioaktif mangrove Rhizophora mucronata, dan karakteristiknya. Penelitian ini dilaksanakan pada bulan Agustus 2010 sampai dengan Februari 2011, bertempat di Laboratorium Mikrobiologi serta Laboratorium Parasit dan Penyakit Ikan di Fakultas Perikanan dan Ilmu Kelautan Universitas Brawijaya, Malang. Tujuan dari penelitian ini adalah untuk mengetahui karakteristik senyawa bioaktif mangrove Rhizophora mucronata. Selain itu, juga untuk mengetahui aktivitas anti bakteri Staphylococcus aureus dan Escherichia coli dari mangrove Rhizophora mucronata. Metode yang digunakan pada penelitian ini adalah metode deskriptif merupakan metode penyelidikan yang menuturkan dan mengklasifikasikan data yang diperoleh dari berbagai teknik pengambilan data. Tujuannya adalah untuk memaparkan secara sistematik, faktual, dan akurat mengenai fakta serta sifat dari suatu populasi tertentu. Pengumpulan data sesuai dengan tujuan dan secara rasional kesimpulan diambil dari data yang berhasil dikumpulkan. Hasil penelitian ini menunjukkan, bahwa bioaktif mangrove Rhizophora mucronata diduga dapat digunakan sebagai terapi anti bakteri Staphylococcus aureus dan Escherichia coli, terutama pada bagian kulit yang diekstraksi dengan metanol. Ini ditunjukkan dengan adanya penghambatan oleh ekstrak kulit R. Mucronata dengan pelarut metanol pada bakteri S.aureus dan E. coli, yaitu rata-rata sebesar 12,88 ± 6,65 mm untuk zona hambat bakteri S.aureus dan 9,32 ± 2,06 mm untuk zona hambat bakteri E. Coli. Yusrina R./0510830085/Karakterisasi Antibakteri S. Aureus dan E. Coli Dari Ekstrak Mangrove R. Mucronata vi Karakteristik dari bioaktif mangrove R. Mucronata sebagai anti S. Aureus dan E. coli, yaitu bersifat polar, karena sebagian besar senyawa bioaktif mangrove R. Mucronata terlarut dalam pelarut metanol yang merupakan pelarut polar. Berdasarkan hasil identifikasi dengan spektrofotometer UV-Vis dan FT-IR diduga senyawa bioaktif ekstrak kulit R. mucronata adalah golongan flavonoid yang memiliki gugus fungsi O–H, C–O, C=C, dan C-H aromatik. Hasil tersebut diperkuat dengan hasil uji fitokimia yang menunjukkan bahwa senyawa flavonoid terdeteksi dalam senyawa-senyawa yang positif kuat sekali dalam kulit R. mucronata. Namun, aktivitas antibakteri dari kulit R. mucronata juga dipengaruhi oleh senyawa-senyawa lain, seperti alkaloid, tanin, fenolik, triterfenoid, saponin dan glikosida. Hal ini dapat dilihat dari hasil uji aktivitas antibakteri, yaitu semakin murni senyawa hasil ekstraksi, maka semakin kecil zona penghambatan bakteri.
| Item Type: | Thesis (Sarjana) |
|---|---|
| Identification Number: | SKR/FPR/2011/146/051203395 |
| Subjects: | 300 Social sciences > 333 Economics of land and energy > 333.9 Other natural resources > 333.91 Water and lands adjoining bodies of water |
| Divisions: | Fakultas Perikanan dan Ilmu Kelautan > Manajemen Sumberdaya Perairan |
| Depositing User: | Endang Susworini |
| Date Deposited: | 06 Nov 2012 15:52 |
| Last Modified: | 21 Oct 2021 07:39 |
| URI: | http://repository.ub.ac.id/id/eprint/132821 |
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