Pratiwi, Chyntia (2016) Pengaruh Berbagai Jenis Biogeotekstil Terhadap Populasi Dan Biomassa Cacing Tanah Serta Produksi Kentang (Solanum Tuberosum L.) Di Andisol, Batu. Sarjana thesis, Universitas Brawijaya.
Abstract
Kentang sebagai salah komoditas unggulan di Indonesia namun produktivitasnya dari tahun ke tahun mengalami penurunan. Penurunan produktivitas disebabkan berbagai faktor, salah satunya adalah teknik budidaya. Budidaya kentang pada dataran tinggi dilakukan secara intensif tanpa adanya upaya konservasi sehingga menyebabkan degradasi lahan meningkat, kualitas tanah menurun dan berdampak pada hasil panen kentang. Upaya konservasi yang dilakukan yakni menggunakan teknologi baru yang dinamakan biogeotekstil. Biogeotekstil sebagai penutup tanah berfungsi melindungi sekaligus menambah masukkan bahan organik ke dalam tanah. Selanjutnya peningkatan kualitas tanah dapat dilihat dari indikator biologi berupa kepadatan populasi dan biomassa cacing tanah. Penelitian dilaksanakan di Desa Sumberbrantas, Kecamatan Bumiaji, Kota Batu pada bulan Desember 2015 hingga Mei 2016. Alat yang digunakan antara lain kawat pengait, gunting, sekop, bingkai besi ukuran 50 x 50 x 10 cm, jangka sorong, dan timbangan analitik. Bahan yang digunakan antara lain bibit kentang varietas granola, biogeotekstil yang terdiri dari 3 jenis geotekstil (nylon, polypropilene, dan daun mendong) dan 7 jenis bahan baku mulsa (jerami padi, alang-alang, daun tebu, daun pinus, rumput gajah, daun kaliandra, dan daun tekelan), pupuk, dan bahan kimia lainnya untuk analisa tanah. Penelitian ini menggunakan Rancangan Acak Kelompok Faktorial (RAKF) dengan 2 faktor yang diuji yaitu faktor (1) berupa macam bahan biogeotekstil sedangkan faktor (2) berupa jenis bahan baku mulsa, secara keseluruhan diperoleh 24 kombinasi dengan 3 ulangan. Dosis mulsa organik yang diberikan pada tiap perlakuan setara dengan 10 t ha-1. Hasil menunjukkan pengaplikasian biogeotekstil berpengaruh nyata terhadap populasi dan biomassa cacing tanah, biogeotekstil mampu meningkatkan populasi cacing 5-12 ekor m-2 dan biomassa cacing 5,21-13,17 g m-2 dibandingkan perlakuan biogeotekstil tanpa diisi mulsa organik (MK, NK dan PK). Perlakuan biogeotekstil memberikan pengaruh nyata terhadap sifat kimia tanah. Perlakuan MC (mendong + chromolaena) dan MG (mendong + rumput gajah) memberikan hasil tertinggi pada nilai pH tanah. Perlakuan NKa (nylon + kaliandra) memberikan hasil tertinggi pada nilai C-organik tanah. Perlakuan MC (mendong + chromolaena) dan MKa (mendong + kaliandra) memberikan hasil tertinggi pada nilai N-total. Perlakuan biogeotekstil dapat meningkatkan diameter umbi sebesar 43%, jumlah umbi sebesar 50% dan berat umbi kentang 2 kali lipat dibandingkan perlakuan biogeotekstil tanpa mulsa organik (MK, NK dan PK). Perlakuan MG (mendong + rumput gajah) menunjukkan produksi kentang tertinggi yaitu sebesar 31,41 t ha-1.
English Abstract
Potatoes are one of the leading commodities in Indonesia having decreases in productivity from year to year. Decrease in productivity due to various factors, which one is the technique of cultivation. The cultivation of potatoes in the highlands are conducted intensively in the absence of conservation efforts thus causing land degradation is increasing, declining soil quality and impact on the yields of potatoes. Conservation efforts are carried out using a new technology called biogeotextile. Biogeotextile as a cover to protect soil functions at once add to enter the organic material into the soil. Further improvement of the quality of the land can be seen from the biological indicator in the form of population and earthworm?s biomass. The research was carried out in the village of Sumberbrantas, District of Bumiaji, Batu city on December 2015 until May 2016. The equipment that were used including wire, shears, shovels, iron frame size 50 x 50 x 10 cm, caliper, and analytical scales. The materials consists of seed potato varieties of granola, biogeotextile which have 3 different types of geotextile (nylon, polypropilene, processed pandanus leaves and leaf) and seven kinds of raw materials mulch (straw, reeds, sugar cane leaves, pine leaves, leaves of bulrushes, kaliandra leaves, and the leaves tekelan), fertilizers, and other chemicals for soil analysis. This study used a Randomized Factorial Group Design with two factors, namely factors (1) the form biogeotextile while the material factors (2) in the form of mulch, the kinds of raw materials overall gained 3 x 8 = 24 treatment with 3 replicates. Organic mulch dose given at each treatment by as much as 10 t ha-1. The results showed that biogeotextile has the real effect to populations and earthworms??? biomass, biogeotextile was able to increase the population of earthworm 5-12 m-2 and biomass 5,21-13,17 g m-2 compared to the treatment biogeotextile without organic mulch (MK, NK, and PK). Biogeotextile treatment of real influence against the chemical properties of the soil. Treatment of MC (+ chromolaena processed pandanus leaves) and MG (elephant grass + processed pandanus leaves) give the highest results in the value of pH. Treatment of the NKa (nylon + kaliandra) gives the highest results in the value of the C-organic soils. Treatment of MC (processed pandanus leaves + chromolaena) and MKa (processed pandanus leaves + kaliandra) gives the highest results in the value of N-total. Biogeotextile treatment can increase the diameter of the tuber by 43%, the number of tubers by 50% and the weight of the potato tuber 2 fold compared to treatment without biogeotextile organic mulch (MK, NK, and PK). Treatment of MG (processed pandanus leaves + elephant grass) showed the highest potato production is 31,41 t ha-1.
| Item Type: | Thesis (Sarjana) |
|---|---|
| Identification Number: | SKR/FP/2016/968/051700044 |
| Subjects: | 500 Natural sciences and mathematics > 551 Geology, hydrology, meteorology |
| Divisions: | Fakultas Pertanian > Ilmu Tanah |
| Depositing User: | Kustati |
| Date Deposited: | 12 Jan 2017 09:27 |
| Last Modified: | 22 Oct 2021 01:02 |
| URI: | http://repository.ub.ac.id/id/eprint/131968 |
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