Rohmatin, Anis (2016) Pendugaan Nilai Heritabilitas Dan Kemajuan Genetik Harapan Populasi F5 Pada Tanaman Cabai Besar (Capsicum annum L.). Sarjana thesis, Universitas Brawijaya.
Abstract
Tanaman cabai merah (Capsicum annuum L.) merupakan salah satu sayuran penting yang memiliki nilai ekonomi stinggi yang banyak digemari oleh masyarakat. Salah satu upaya dalam meningkatkan produktivitas komoditas cabai yaitu dengan merakit varietas unggul baru melalui program pemuliaan tanaman dengan diawali pengumpulan plasma nutfah. Heritabilitas memiliki suatu karakter penting untuk mengetahui karakter terpenting yang diketahui, terutama untuk menduga besarnya pengaruh lingkungan terhadap pertumbuhan dan perkembangan tanaman serta memilih lokasi lingkungan yang sesuai untuk proses seleksi. Seleksi terhadap populasi yang memiliki heritabilitas tinggi akan lebih efektif dibandingkan dengan populasi dengan heritabilitas rendah. Hal ini disebabkan pengaruh genetiknya lebih besar dari pada pengaruh lingkungan yang berperan dalam ekspresi karakter tersebut. Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk menduga nilai heritabilitas dan kemajuan genetic harapan 14 famili populasi F4 hasil persilangan cabai besar sebagai dasar untuk seleksi pada generasi selanjutnya dan memilih individu yang memiliki nilai daya hasil tinggi. Penelitian dilaksanakan mulai bulan April - Agustus 2015. Desa ngijo Kecamatan Sumber Kepuh Karangploso. Benihyang digunakan 14 famili hasil persilangan TW2 x PBC 473 dan TW2 x Jatilaba. Metode yang digunakan adalah single plant. Setiap famili F5 ditanams sebanyak 60 tanaman dan 20 tanaman pada tetua diulang sebanyak 3x. pengamatan dilakukan pada 12 karater kuantitatif dan 11 karakter kualitatif. Prosedur pengamatan mengacu pada Descriptor for capcicumoleh International Plant Genetik Resources Institute (anonymous, 1995). Data hasil pengamatan kuantitatif dianalisis berdasarkan nilai duga heritabilitas dan nilai kemajuan genetic harapan. Hasil penelitian menunjukkan nilai duga heritabilitas pada seluruh populasi F5 cabai merah besar adalah bervariasi. Nilai kemajuan genetic harapan tinggi juga terdapat pada karakter umur bunga, umur panen, total jumlah buah baik, total jumlah buah jelek, total jumlah buah, total bobot buah baik, total bobot buah jelek, total bobot buah, bobot per buah, panjang buah, panjang tangkai. Karakter kualitatif pada keseluruhan family seragam dengan persentase 100%. Terdapa tenam family terbaik dan seragam yaitu famili A1.26.19, A1.8.14, A1.17.9, A1.54.14 B2.58.5dan B5.27.20. Selain karakter kuantitatif yang dijadikan sebagai criteria seleksi, karakter kualitatif juga berperan dalam penentuan seleksi. Pada keenam family terpilih memiliki persentase keseragaman yang tinggi pada setiap karakter kualitatif.
English Abstract
Red pepper plant ( Capsicumannuum L. ) is one of the important vegetable that has high economic value that is much-loved by the people. One effort in improving the productivity of commodities chili is to assemble new varieties through plant breeding programs beginning with the collection of germplasm. Heritability is a quantitative statement of the role of genetic factors rather than environmental factors in giving the final performance of the phenotype of a character. Selection of the population that has a high heritability to be more effective than the population with low heritability. This is due to genetic influences outweigh environmental influences that play a role in the expression of the character. This study aims to estimate heritability and genetic progress expectations of 14 families F4 population of crossbred chili as a basis for selection in the next generation and and select the individual who has a high yield value . The study was conducted from April until August 2015. In the village of Sumber District NgijoKepuhKarangploso .Seeds used 14 families of crossbred TW 2 x PBC 473 and TW2 x Jatilaba .The method used is a single plant. Each family F5 ditanams many as 60 plants and 20 plants in the elder repeated 3x .observations were made at 12 characters quantitative and 11 qualitative characters .The procedure refers to the observation Descriptor for capcicum by the International Plant Genetic Resources Institute ( Anonymous< 1995) .Quantitative data were analyzed based on the value of heritability estimates and genetic progress expectations . The results showed heritability estimates for all populations F5 big red chili is varied .The heritability estimates and high genetic progress contained in the family A1.8.14, A1.17.9, A1.26.19, A1.54.14, A3.13.14, A4.92.14, B2.58.5, B5.27.20. Values genetic progress high expectations are also present in the character of the age of flowers, harvesting ag, the total number of good pieces, the total number of ugly fruit, the total number of fruit, the total weight of the fruit is good, total bad fruit weight, total fruit weight, weight per fruit, fruit length, stem length. Qualitative character of the whole family uniform with a percentage of 100 % . There are six families that the family is the best and uniform A1.26.19, A1.8.14, A1.17.9, A1.54.14 B2.58.5dan B5.27.20.In addition to the quantitative characters that serve as selection criteria, qualitative character also plays a role in determining the selection. In the ten families selected have a high percentage of uniformity on any qualitative character.
| Item Type: | Thesis (Sarjana) |
|---|---|
| Identification Number: | SKR/FP/2016/627/051609314 |
| Subjects: | 600 Technology (Applied sciences) > 631 Specific techniques; apparatus, equipment materials > 631.5 Cultivation and harvesting |
| Divisions: | Fakultas Pertanian > Budidaya Pertanian |
| Depositing User: | Sugiantoro |
| Date Deposited: | 22 Nov 2016 14:47 |
| Last Modified: | 19 Oct 2021 14:38 |
| URI: | http://repository.ub.ac.id/id/eprint/131632 |
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