Ginting, WirdaDayantiBr (2016) Pengaruh Pgpr (Plant Growth Promoting Rhizobacteria) Dan Pupuk Organik Kotoran Kambing Terhadap Pertumbuhan Dan Hasil Tanaman Bawang Merah (Allium Ascalonicum L.) Varietas Bauji. Sarjana thesis, Universitas Brawijaya.
Abstract
Bawang merah merupakan salah satu komoditas unggulan yang banyak di budidayakan di Indonesia hal ini dikarenakan komoditas ini tergolong sayuran rempah yang banyak dibutuhkan sebagai pelengkap bumbu masakan sehingga kebutuhannya meningkat setiap tahun. Selama ini budidaya bawang merah diusahakan secara musiman (seasonal) yang pada umumnya dilakukan pada musim kemarau (April-Oktober), sehingga produksi dan harganya berfluktuasi sepanjang tahun. Untuk mencegah terjadinya fluktuasi produksi dan fluktuasi harga yang sering merugikan petani, maka perlu diupayakan budidaya yang dapat berlangsung sepanjang tahun antara lain melalui budidaya di luar musim (off season), namun budidaya bawang merah di luar musim pada umumnya mengalami kendala-kendala yang dapat menyebabkan tingkat produksi rendah secara kuantitas dan kualitas. Kendala-kendala tersebut antara lain infeksi patogen penyebab penyakit yang umumnya terjadi ketika pembudidayaan bawang merah dilakukan di luar musim (Shofiyani, A., dan A. Suyadi, 2014). Untuk itu diperlukan tehnik khusus untuk mengendalikan patogen pada bawang merah. Salah satu cara yang digunakan adalah dengan penggunaan PGPR (Plant Growth Promoting Rhizobacteria) dan bahan Organik. Bahan organik digunakan untuk memperbaiki sifat fisik, kimia dan biologi tanah sehingga dapat menunjang pertumbuhan tanaman bawang merah selain itu bahan organik juga sebagai sumber makanan bagi bakteri PGPR. Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk mendapatkan respon pertumbuhan bawang merah (Allium ascalonicum L.) dengan aplikasi PGPR (Plant Growth Promoting Rhizobacteria) dan pupuk organik kotoran kambing. Penelitian ini dilakukan di Desa Duwel, Kecamatan Kedungadem, Kabupaten Bojonegoro. Waktu pelaksanaan penelitian dimulai dari bulan November 2015 sampai bulan Februari 2016. Alat yang di butuhkan antaranya tugal, gembor, timbangan, cangkul, oven, kamera, pengggaris, jangka, pisau, alat tulis, dan laptop. Sedangkan bahan yang digunakan antara lain: benih bawang merah (Allium ascalonicum L.) varietas Bauji dengan jarak tanam 20 cm x 20 cm, pupuk kandang kambing sebagai bahan organik, PGPR (Plant Growth Promoting Rizhobacteria), pupuk NPK 200 kg/ha + ZA 200 + SP-36 300 kg/ha + KCl 200 kg/ha. Penelitian ini menggunakan Rancangan Petak Terbagi (Split Plot Design) yang terdiri dari 2 faktor dan diulang 3 kali. Petak Utama (main plot) yaitu pemberian pupuk kandang kambing dengan perlakuan sebagai berikut : K0= Dosis 0 ton/ha, K1= Dosis 5 ton/ha, K2= Dosis 10 ton/ha, K3= Dosis 15 ton/ha. Anak Petak (Sub plot) yaitu interval pemberian PGPR (Plant Growth Promoting Rizhobacteria) terdiri dari 4 taraf yang meliputi: P0= Tanpa PGPR, P1= PGPR (benih direndam), P2= PGPR (direndam + 7 hst), P3= PGPR (direndam + 7 hst + 14 hst). Pengamatan dilakukan pada tanaman bawang merah yang berumur 14, 21, 35, 42 dan 56 hst. Variable pengamatan pertumbuhan meliputi tinggi tanaman (cm), jumlah daun (helai), Luas daun (cm2), Bobot segar tanaman (g/tanaman), Bobot kering tanaman (g/tanaman) dan Diameter umbi. Variabel pengamatan hasil meliputi Bobot segar umbi (g/tanaman), Bobot kering umbi (g/tanaman), jumlah umbi, Diameter umbi (cm), bobot kering umbi matahari dan Produksi/ ha. Data yang diperoleh dianalisis dengan uji F pada taraf nyata 5%. Jika F hitung lebih besar dari F tabel 5%, maka dilanjutkan dengan uji BNJ untuk mengetahui perbedaan antar perlakuan. Intraksi pemberian PGPR dan pupuk organik kotoran kambing pada fase pertumbuhan ditunjukkan pada variable pengamatan tinggi tanaman, jumlah daun, luas daun, jumlah umbi, bobot segar daun, bobot segar umbi, bobot segar akar, bobot kering akar, diameter umbi, sedangkan untuk variable pengamatan hasil tanaman bawang merah terjadi intraksi pada bobot segar umbi panen dan produksi/ha. Hasil produksi/ ha menunjukkan bahwa perlakuan K3P1 tidak berbeda nyata dengan perlakuan K3P2, K3P3, K2P1, K2P2, K2P3, K1P2 dan K0P1
English Abstract
Shallots is one of superior commodities that is mostly cultivated in Indonesia due this commodity is classified as vegetables spice, which is required as a culinary spice supplement, so that the demand for shallot keeps increasing each year. Currently, shallots have been grown seasonally and they are generally cultivated in dry season (April-October), so that it causes both production and prices fluctuate along the year. In order to avoid such fluctuations in production and prices, which inflict a loss upon the farmers, therefore required cultivating appropriate that may run in long-term , such as through cultivating off season , but shallot-off season has generally faced some obstacles that may create low production, both in quantity and quality. Such obstacles include pathogenic infections that cause diseases, which generally occur during cultivation of shallots in off season (Shofiyani, A., and A. Suyadi, 2014). Therefore, specific techniques are required to control the pathogen on shallots. One of them is the application of PGPR (Plant Growth Promoting Rhizobacteria) and organic fertilizers. The organic fertilizers are applied to improve physical, chemical, and biological properties of soil in order to support growth of shallots, as well as food sources for PGPR bacteria. Objective of the research was to obtain response of the shallot (Allium ascalonicum L.) growth by the application of PGPR (Plant Growth Promoting Rhizobacteria) and goat manure. The research was conducted at Duwel Village, Kedungadem Subdistrict, Bojonegoro Regency. The research was conducted from November 2015 to February 2016. The equipments include The equipments include dibble, sprayer, scales, hoe, oven, camera, ruler, calipers, knife, writing utensils, and laptop, as well as Microsoft Excel. Meanwhile, the materials include the seeds of shallot (Allium ascalonicum L.) variety of Bauji by spacing 20 cm x 20 cm, the goat manure as organic fertilizer PGPR (Plant Growth Promoting Rizhobacteria), NPK fertilizer 200 kg/ha + ZA 200 + SP-36 300 kg/ha + KCl 200 kg/ha. The research used the Split Plot Design that comprised of 2 factors and 3 replications. The main plot was applied with goat manure by the treatments as follow : K0 = Dosage 0 ton/ha, K1 = Dosage 5 ton/ha, K2 = Dosage 10 ton/ha, K3 = Dosage 15 ton/ha. Sub plot was the application interval of PGPR (Plant Growth Promoting Rizhobacteria) that comprised of 4 levels, such as : P0 = Without PGPR, P1 = PGPR (seeds are soaked), P2 = PGPR (soaked + 7 dap), P3 = PGPR (soaked + 7 dap + 14 dap). Observations were done on the shallots at 14, 21, 35, 42, and 56 dap. Variables of observation on growth include height of plant (cm), numbers of leaf, leaf area (cm2), fresh weight of plant (g/plant), dry weight of plant (g/plant) and diameter of bulb. Variables of observation on yield include fresh weight of bulb (g/plant), dry weight of bulb (g/plant), numbers of bulb, diameter of bulb (cm), dry weight of sun bulb (g/plant), and production/ha. The obtained data was analyzed using F-test at significant level 5%. If F-count is higher than F-table 5%, it will be followed by Honestly Significant Difference (HSD) test to find out any difference between treatments. Interaction between the application of PGPR and goat manure on the growth phase was shown on variables of observation, such as height of plant, numbers of leaf, leaf area, numbers of bulb, fresh weight of leaf, fresh weight of bulb, fresh weight of roots, dry weight of roots, and diameter of bulb, meanwhile the variables of observation on shallot yield showed interaction between fresh weight of harvested bulb and production/ha. Yield of production/ha showed that the treatment of K3P1 did not have significant difference with the treatments of K3P2, K3P3, K2P1, K2P2, K2P3, K1P2, and K0P1.
| Item Type: | Thesis (Sarjana) |
|---|---|
| Identification Number: | SKR/FP/2016/236/ 051606209 |
| Subjects: | 600 Technology (Applied sciences) > 631 Specific techniques; apparatus, equipment materials > 631.5 Cultivation and harvesting |
| Divisions: | Fakultas Pertanian > Budidaya Pertanian |
| Depositing User: | Kustati |
| Date Deposited: | 02 Aug 2016 13:58 |
| Last Modified: | 02 Aug 2016 13:58 |
| URI: | http://repository.ub.ac.id/id/eprint/131216 |
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