Sutejo, NurAzizahLuthfinaErry (2016) Pengaruh Pemberian Larutan Giberelin (Ga3) Dan Perbedaan Bobot Bonggol Terhadap Pertumbuhan Tunas Pada Perbanyakan Pisang Mas Kirana (Musa Acuminata L). Sarjana thesis, Universitas Brawijaya.
Abstract
Keragaman varietas pisang di JawaTimur sangat tinggi dan berpeluang besar dikembangkan sebagai sumber ekonomi petani. Varietas Mas Kirana mempunyai beberapa keunggulan, antara lain ukuran buah yang sesuai untuk dikonsumsi setelah makan, tidak terlalu besar dan tidak terlalu kecil. Hal ini menyebabkan buah pisang Mas Kirana menjadi pilihan utama bagi para pengelola catering maupun restoran, warna buah menarik, rasa daging buah manis dan segar, teksturnya renyah. Berbagai kendala dalam budidaya pisang secara konvensional adalah sulit mendapatkan bibit yang berkualitas dalam jumlah besar, waktu yang singkat dan kontinu. Hal ini merupakan kendala utama bagi penyediaan bibit berupa anakan untuk perluasan pengembangan tanaman di lapangan. Selaras dengan hal tersebut, upaya meningkatkan produksi tanaman pisang dapat dilakukan melalui perbaikan kualitas benih/bibit dan perbaikan teknologi budidayanya. Upaya perbaikan melalui peningkatan kualitas bibitdilakukan melalui pengembangan bibit melalui bonggol/bit pisang sehinggadiperoleh bibit dalam jumlah banyak dan seragam. Penggunaan bonggol pisang untuk bibit memiliki keuntunganya itu dalam waktu singkat bias didapatkan bibit yang seragam dan banyak, mudah dalam pengiriman dan biayanya murah, umur panen lebih cepat dibandingkan dengan jenis bibit lainnyadan produktivitasnya lebih tinggi sertadapat memanfaatkan bonggo l sisa tebangan. Giberellin termasuk zat pengatur tumbuh yang berguna bagi tanaman, dalam konsentrasi rendah dapat merangsang pembelahan dan pemanjangan sel. Efek giberelin tidak hanya mendorong perpanjangan batang, tetapi juga terlibat dalam proses regulasi perkembangan tumbuhan sepertihalnya auksin. Disintesis pada ujung batang dan akar, giberelin menghasilkan pengaruh yang cukup luas. Salah satu efek utamanya adalah mendorong pemanjangan batang dan daun. Tujuan dari penelitian ini adalah untuk mengetahui pengaruh pemberian larutan giberelin (GA3) terhadap pertumbuhan tunas pada perbanyakan Pisang Mas Kirana(Musa acuminata L) dengan pembelahan bonggol sehingga dapat menghasilkan bibit tanaman yang seragam. Hipotesisnya adalah diduga terdapat interaksi antar konsentrasiGA3 dan jumlah belahan bonggol pada perbanyakan Pisang Mas Kirana (Musa acuminata L) dengan pembelahan bonggol dan dalam konsentrasi optimal. Penelitian ini dilaksanakan pada bulan Mei 2015 sampai September 2015di Desa Srimulyo, Kecamatan Dampit, Kabupaten Malang. Bahan dan alat yang digunakan meliputi bonggol pisang mas kirana, media tanam (tanah, pupuk kandang dan pasir), Giberelin (GA3 ) dan air serta alat yang digunakan adalah timbangan analitik, kertas label, gembor, ajir, polybag berdiameter 15cm x 30cm, kamera, alat ukur dan alat yang mendukung penelitian lainnya. Metode yang digunakan dalam penelitian ini adalah Rancang Acak Kelompok Faktorial yang ii terdiri dari 2 faktor yaitu konsentrasi GA3(G) dengan 4 taraf dan jumlah belahan per bonggol (B) dengan 3 taraf, sehingga terdapat 12 kombinasi perlakuan dengan 3 ulangan yaitu: 0 ppm GA3 + bobot 100 – 250 g per belahan bonggol = G0B1, 150 ppm GA3+ bobot 100-250 g per belahan bonggol = G1B1, 300 ppm GA3+ bobot 100-250 g per belahan bonggol = G2B1, 450 ppm GA3+ bobot 100- 250 g per belahan bonggol = G3B1, 0 ppm GA3+ bobot 300-450 g per belahan bonggol = G0B2, 150 ppm GA3+ bobot 300-450 g per belahan bonggol = G1B2, 300 ppm GA3+ bobot 300-450 g per belahan bonggol = G2B2, 450 ppm GA3+ bobot 300-450 g per belahan bonggol = G3B2, 0 ppm GA3 + bobot 500-650 g per belahan bonggol = G0B3, 150 ppm GA3+ bobot 500-650 g per belahan bonggol = G1B3, 300 ppm GA3+ bobot 500-650 g per belahan bonggol = G2B3, 450 ppm GA3+ bobot 500-650 g per belahan bonggol = G3B3. Pengamatan dilakukan secara non destruktif, meliputi waktu muncul tunas, jumlah tunas, tinggi tanaman , jumlah daun, jumlah akar, panjang akar dan bobot bonggol akar tanaman. Data pengamatan akan dianalisis menggunakan analisis ragam (uji F) padataraf 5% untuk mengetahui pengaruh yang diberikan. Apabila berbeda nyata, dilanjutkan dengan uji Beda NyataTerkecil (BNT) 5 %. Hasil penelitian menunjukkan bahwa pemberian larutan giberelin dengan konsentrasi 150 ppm mampu meningkatkan pertumbuhan tanaman pisang mas kirana yaitu waktu muncul tunas, jumlh tunas, tinggi tanaman,jumlah daun, jumlah akar, panjang akar dan bobot bonggol akar tanaman. Perlakuan perbedaan bobot belahan bonggol memberikan pengaruh nyata. Semakin besar berat bonggol semakin meningkat pertumbuhan tanaman. Perlakuan bobot bonggol 500-650 g merupakan perlakuan yang paling baik dibandingkan dengan perlakuan lainnya.
English Abstract
Variances of banana varieties in East Java are very high and have great opportunity to be developed as economic source for the farmers. Mas Kirana variety has some superiority, such as appropriate size of fruit that being consumed, and medium size is preferable. Therefore, Mas Kirana has become the main choice for managers of catering and restaurant because it has interesting colors, fresh and sweet taste, as well as fine texture. However, Diverse obstacles in breeding banana conventionally have related to difficulties in obtaining qualified seeds in great numbers, shorter time, and continuously. It has become the main obstacle for the seed providers who provide plantlets for expansion of the crop development at the field. Therefore, some efforts to increase production of banana can be done by improving the seed quality and its breeding technology. Such improvement may be done by increasing the seed quality through banana hump (capitulum) in order to obtain homogeneous and greater amount of seeds. The use of capitulum (banana hump) for seed has some benefits, such as homogenous and greater amount of seeds may be produced in shorter time, easier transporting and lower cost, shorter harvest time than other varieties, and higher productivity, as well as utilizing the capitulum (banana hump) as remains of the felling. Gibberellins is a growth regulating agent, which is useful for the crops, and in low concentration, it could stimulate cell division and cell elongation. Effect of gibberellins does not only support the stem elongation, but also get involved in regulation process of the crops development, such as auxin. Being disynthesis on root and the stem tips, gibberellins may create greater effects. One of the main effects is stimulating the leaf and stem elongations. Objective of the research was to study the effect of gibberellins (GA3) solutions on shoot growth of Mas Kirana (Musa acuminata L) propagation by capitulum division in order to obtain homogenous seeds. The hypothesis suggests that optimal application of gibberellins solutions could increase the shoot growth of banana and greater weight of capitulum (banana hump) would effectively and efficiently increase the shoot growth. The research was conducted from May 2015 to September 2015 at Srimulyo Village, Dampit Subdistrict, Malang Regency. Materials and tools used in this research included capitulum (banana hump) of mas kirana, planting medium (soil, stable manure, and sands), Gibberellins (GA3) and water; the tools included analytic scales, label papers, watering can, stakes, polybags 25 cm x 25 cm in diameter, camera, measuring device and other supporting devices. Method of the research was the Factorial Randomized Block Design that comprised of 2 factors, which included 4 levels of GA3 (G) concentrations and 3 levels of different weights cuticulum (banana hump), so that 12 combinations of treatment by 3 replications were obtained such as: 0 ppm GA3 + weight 100 – 250 g cuticulum = G0B1, 150 ppm GA3 + weight 100-250 g cuticulum = G1B1, 300 ppm GA3+ weight 100-250 g cuticulum = G2B1, 450 ppm GA3 + weight 100-250 g cuticulum = G3B1, 0 ppm GA3+ weight 300-450 g cuticulum = G0B2, 150 ppm iv GA3+ weight 300-450 g cuticulum = G1B2, 300 ppm GA3+ weight 300 - 450 g cuticulum = G2B2, 450 ppm GA3+ weight 300-450 g cuticulum = G3B2, 0 ppm GA3 + weight 500-650 g cuticulum = G0B3, 150 ppm GA3+ weight 500-650 g per division of cuticulum = G1B3, 300 ppm GA3 + weight 500-650 g cuticulum = G2B3, 450 ppm GA3+ weight 500-650 g cuticulum = G3B3. Observation was done non-destructively, which included the period when the shoots started to emerge, numbers of shoot, crop height, numbers of leaf, numbers of root, root length, and weight of root cuticulum. Data of the observation was analyzed using analysis of variance (F-test) at level 5% in order to find out the given effect. If any significant difference is found, it will be followed by Least Significant Difference (LSD) test of 5%. Results of the research showed that the application of gibberellins solutions by concentration of 150 ppm could increase the growth of mas kirana, which included the emergence of shoots, numbers of shoot, crop height, numbers of leaf, numbers of roots, root length, and weight of the bottom part of the soil. Different weights of capitulum division showed significant effect. The highest weights of capitulum may increase the crops growth. The treatment of 500-650 g weight of capitulum is the best treatment than other treatments.
| Item Type: | Thesis (Sarjana) |
|---|---|
| Identification Number: | SKR/FP/2016/199/ 051605239 |
| Subjects: | 600 Technology (Applied sciences) > 631 Specific techniques; apparatus, equipment materials > 631.5 Cultivation and harvesting |
| Divisions: | Fakultas Pertanian > Budidaya Pertanian |
| Depositing User: | Kustati |
| Date Deposited: | 09 Jun 2016 08:58 |
| Last Modified: | 09 Jun 2016 08:58 |
| URI: | http://repository.ub.ac.id/id/eprint/131176 |
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