Shabrina, LuthfiaNur (2015) Pengaruh Pupuk Kandang Terhadap Kandungan Bahan Organik Dan Retensi Air Tanah Serta Hasil Kacang Hijau (Vigna Radiata L.). Sarjana thesis, Universitas Brawijaya.
Abstract
Hasil kacang hijau di tingkat petani umumnya rata-rata mencapai 0,9 t/ha, sedangkan dari hasil percobaan dapat mencapai 1,6 t/ha (Balitkabi, 2005). Penggunaan lahan, pengolahan tanah, pemupukan, dan pemadatan tanah dapat merubah porositas total, distribusi pori dan dengan demikian akan mempengaruhi proses kimia, fisika dan biologi dalam tanah (Lu et al., 2014). Penambahan pupuk kandang dapat dilakukan untuk memperbaiki sifat fisik tanah sehingga dapat berdampak positif terhadap hasil tanaman kacang hijau. Penggunaan pupuk kandang pada kegiatan budidaya mampu menyediakan unsur hara lain yang tidak dapat disediakan oleh pupuk anorganik. Tujuan dari penelitian ini adalah untuk mengetahui pengaruh aplikasi pupuk kandang kotoran ayam dan kotoran sapi terhadap pertumbuhan dan pengamatan hasil tanaman serta terhadap kandungan bahan organik dan retensi air tanah Penelitian dilaksanakan pada bulan Maret sampai dengan Mei 2015 di UPT Benih Induk Palawaija Singosari. Penelitian ini menggunakan Rancangan Acak Kelompok (RAK) 7 perlakuan dengan 3 ulangan, yaitu: tanpa pupuk kandang (P0); pukan ayam 7 t/ha (P1); pukan ayam 13 t/ha (P2); pukan ayam 20 t/ha (P3); pukan sapi 8 t/ha (P4); pukan sapi 15 t/ha (P5); pukan sapi 23 t/ha (P6). Variabel yang diamati meliputi: c-organik, sifat fisik tanah (berat isi tanah, porositas tanah, distribusi ruang pori). Pengamatan pertumbuhan tanaman meliputi: tinggi tanaman, jumlah daun, jumlah polong/tanaman, berat 100 biji, hasil tanaman. Pupuk kandang memberikan pengaruh nyata pada berat isi tanah dan porositas total 5 MST. Pemberian pupuk kandang sapi 15 t/ha memiliki nilai berat isi yang berbeda nyata dengan perlakuan lain. Pupuk kandang ayam 13 t/ha memiliki nilai porositas tanah tertinggi dan berbeda nyata terhadap perlakuan lain. Hasil pori drainase cepat dengan perlakuan pupuk kandang ayam 13 t/ha memiliki nilai rerata tertinggi dan meningkat di setiap minggu pengamatan. Perlakuan pupuk kandang sapi 8 t/ha dan pupuk kandang sapi 15 t/ha meningkatkan pori air tersedia pada minggu-minggu pengamatan. Pupuk kandang 20 t/ha dan kontrol menurunkan nilai pori drainase lambat tanah, akibat adanya pemadatan tanah sehingga mengurangi jumlah pori drainase lambat. Pupuk kandang sapi 8 t/ha meningkatkan jumlah bahan organik tanah. Pupuk kandang sapi dengan jumlah minimum meningkatkan nilai BOT tanah. Pemberian pupuk kandang berbagai dosis memberikan pengaruh nyata terhadap pertumbuhan tinggi tanaman pada 2 MST sampai 6 MST, namun untuk setiap perlakuan memiliki rata-rata tinggi dan jumlah daun kacang hijau yang tidak signifikan. Pemberian pupuk kandang berpengaruh nyata terhadap jumlah polong per tanaman, namun rerata tidak signifikan antar perlakuan. Perlakuan pupuk kandang tidak memberikan pengaruh nyata terhadap berat 100 biji tanaman dan hasil kacang hijau. Perlakuan pupuk kandang sapi 8 t/ha memiliki hasil kacang hijau per tanaman, per petak, dan per ii hektar tertinggi. Hal tersebut berhubungan dengan meningkatnya kandungan bahan organik tanah pada perlakuan pupuk kandang sapi 8 t/ha. Hasil penelitian menunjukan perlakuan pupuk kandang sapi 8 t/ha dan pupuk kandang sapi 15 t/ha meningkatkan pori air tersedia di setiap minggu pengamatan. Perlakuan pupuk kandang sapi 8 t/ha mampu meningkatkan kandungan bahan organik tanah sebesar 0,47% selama 2 bulan pengamatan. Hasil tanaman kacang hijau tertinggi dihasilkan oleh perlakuan pupuk kandang sapi 8 t/ha.
English Abstract
Mungbean yield reached an average of 0.9 t / ha, while the results of the experiment can reach 1.6 t/ha (Balitkabi, 2005). The low yield of mungbean because the farmer can be made less optimal cultivation. Land use, tillage, fertilizing and soil compaction can change the total porosity, pore distribution and thus will affect the process of chemistry, physics and biology in the soil (Lu, 2014). The addition of manure can improve the physical properties of the soil so that it have a positive impact on crop yields of mungbean. The ability of soil to retain water related to the amount of water available that absorbed by plants. The amount of water available influences nutrient uptake by plants to support growth and yield. Manure can improve soil organic matter content and soil physical properties which have a positive impact on soil water retention. The aim of this study was to determine the effect of the application of manure on the growth and production of crops, and observations of the organic matter content and soil water retention The experiment was done in March to May 2015 in UPT Benih Induk Palawija Singosari. This research used a randomized block design consist of 7 treatments with 3 replications, the treatment are: control (P0); poultry manure 7 t/ha (P1); poultry manure 13 t/ha (P2); poultry manure 20 t/ha (P3); cow dung 8 t/ha (P4); cow dung 15 t/ha (P5); cow dung 23 t/ha (P6). Variables observed in this study include: c-organic, physical properties of soil (soil bulk density, soil porosity, soil pore distribution). Observation of plant growth include: plant height, number of leaf, number of pods/plant, weight of 100 seeds, yields of crops. Application manure were significant on soil bulk density and total porosity of 5 MST. Cow dung at 15 t/ha have a bulk density that significant than other treatments. soil porosity was the highest under poultry manure at 13 t/ha and significant to other treatments. Soil pore rapid drainage were the highest under poultry manure 13 t/ha and increased during observation. The treatment of cow dung 8 t/ha and cow dung 15 t/ha enhanced pore water available during observation. Poultry manure at 20 t/ha and control treatment has decreased soil micropore, as a result of soil compaction. Cow dung at 8 t/ha increased the amount of soil organic matter. Treatment effects were significant on height and number of leaf at 2 to 6 MST, however the value were not significantly difference of each treatment in both parameters. Application of manure were significant on the number of pods per plant, but the average was not significantly difference in each treatments. The treatments were not significant on weight of 100 seeds and yield of mungbean. Yield of mungben/plant, mungbean/plot, and mungbean/ha were the highest with 8 t/ha cow dung. It is associated with increased of soil organic matter content in the treatment with 8 t/ha cow dung. Results showed that treatment with cow dung 8 t/ha and 15 t/ha enhanced the soil water available pores during observation. Application of 8 t/ha cow dung was the highest increased of soil organic matter (SOM) that reach 0,47% during 2 iv months experiment. Yield of mungbean seeds were the highest under application 8 t/ha cow dung.
| Item Type: | Thesis (Sarjana) |
|---|---|
| Identification Number: | SKR/FP/2015/898/ 051509720 |
| Subjects: | 500 Natural sciences and mathematics > 551 Geology, hydrology, meteorology |
| Divisions: | Fakultas Pertanian > Ilmu Tanah |
| Depositing User: | Kustati |
| Date Deposited: | 25 Jan 2016 14:04 |
| Last Modified: | 25 Jan 2016 14:04 |
| URI: | http://repository.ub.ac.id/id/eprint/130945 |
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