Arinata, Novia (2018) Uji Efektivitas Media Selektif Untuk Isolasi Trichoderma Sp. Pada Lahan Kentang (Solanum Tuberosum) Organik Dan Konvensional. Sarjana thesis, Universitas Brawijaya.
Abstract
Jamur Trichoderma sp. merupakan jamur agens hayati yang digunakan untuk mengendalikan penyakit tanaman, terutama yang disebabkan oleh patogen tular tanah (soilborne diseases) berdasarkan mekanisme antagonis. Mekanisme yang terjadi di dalam tanah oleh aktivitas Trichoderma sp. yaitu kompetitor ruang dan nutrisi maupun sebagai mikoparasit sehingga mampu menekan aktivitas patogen tular tanah. Jamur Trichoderma sp. berpotensi sebagai indikator tingkat kesuburan tanah. Pemanfaatan Trichoderma sp. sebagai indikator tingkat kesuburan tanah hingga saat ini masih kurang dimanfaatkan karena masih belum ditemukan teknologi khusus untuk isolasi Trichoderma sp. dari tanah sehingga perlu media selektif yang dapat mengisolasi Trichoderma sp. dari tanah. Tujuan penelitian ini ialah menghasilkan komposisi media selektif yang efektif untuk isolasi Trichoderma sp. dari tanah dan mengetahui kelimpahan Trichoderma sp. pada pengolahan lahan yang berbeda. Pelaksanaan penelitian bertempat di Laboratorium Penyakit Tumbuhan Jurusan Hama dan Penyakit Tumbuhan Fakultas Pertanian dan Laboratorium sentral ilmu Hayati Universitas Brawijaya Malang. Pengambilan sampel tanah uji dari hutan alami UB Forest, lahan pertanian kentang organik di Kebun Percobaan Cangar UB dan kentang konvensional milik Bapak Sugeng di Cangar. Waktu penelitian pada bulan Januari sampai Juli 2018. Penelitian menggunakan metode survei, eksplorasi dan komparasi. Penelitian menggunakan Rancangan Acak Lengkap (RAL) dengan 3 ulangan, sehingga diperoleh 75 satuan percobaan pada tahap pertama dan 36 satuan percobaan pada tahap kedua. Percobaan tahap pertama merupakan uji daya hambat media terhadap pertumbuhan jamur yang ditemukan menggunakan 4 bahan aktif fungisida yaitu Benomyl 50%, Metalaksil 25%, Mankozeb 80%, dan Propineb 70%. Sampel tanah uji percobaan tahap pertama diambil dari hutan alami UB Forest yang tidak tercemar. Percobaan tahap kedua yaitu eksplorasi jamur tanah dari pengolahan lahan kentang organik dan konvensional. Eksplorasi pada percobaan tahap kedua menggunakan media biakan RBC (Rose Bengal Chlorampenichol) dengan penambahan bahan aktif fungisida yang terseleksi pada percobaan tahap pertama pada berbagai konsentrasi. Sehingga didapatkan 6 kombinasi susunan media pada percobaan tahap kedua. Jamur yang berhasil tumbuh pada media kemudian dilakukan purifikasi, inkubasi, dan identifikasi. Variabel pengamatan pada penelitian meliputi presentase daya hambat media dalam menekan pertumbuhan jamur dan hasil identifikasi jamur dengan mengamati kenampakan secara makroskopis dan mikroskopis. Hasil isolasi jamur tanah pada lahan hutan alami ditemukan 5 jenis jamur yaitu Mucor sp., Trichoderma longibrachiatum, Penicillium sp. isolat 1, Fusarium sp. isolat 1, dan Trichoderma koningii. Uji efektivitas penghambatan fungisida ii terhadap jamur tanah yang ditemukan pada media Mankozeb 80% dapat menghambat pertumbuhan jamur non target dengan tidak menunjukan mekanisme penghambatan terhadap Trichoderma longibrachiatum. Bedasarkan hasil isolasi jamur tanah lahan kentang organik ditemukan lima jenis jamur yang dapat tumbuh pada media RBC tanpa pemberian Mankozeb 80% yaitu Penicillium sp. isolat 2, Penicillium sp. isolat 3, Phythophtora sp., Fusarium sp. isolat 2, dan Fusarium sp. isolat 3. Pada lahan kentang organik tidak ditemukan jamur yang dapat tumbuh pada media yang ditambahkan fungisida berbahan aktif Mankozeb 80%. Sementara pada lahan kentang konvensional ditemukan tiga jenis isolat jamur yaitu Penicillium sp. isolat 2, Penicillium sp. isolat 3, dan Phythophtora sp.
English Abstract
Trichoderma sp. is a biological agents fungus used to control plant diseases, especially caused by soilborne diseases based on antagonistic mechanisms. Mechanisms that occur in the soil by the activity of Trichoderma sp. are the competitor of space and nutrition as well as mikoparasit to suppress the activity of soil pathogens. Trichoderma sp. potentially as an indicator of soil fertility. Utilization of Trichoderma sp. as an indicator of soil fertility level to date is still underutilized because there still no technology for the isolation of Trichoderma sp., so there is a need for selective media that can isolate Trichoderma sp. from soil. The purpose of this study was to produce an effective selective media composition for the isolation of Trichoderma sp. from the soil and to know the abundance of Trichoderma sp. on different land preparations. The implementation of this research took place at the Laboratory of Plant Pest and Disease Faculty of Agriculture, and Central Laboratory of Biological Sciences Brawijaya University of Malang. Test samples were taken from natural forest of UB Forest, organic potato farming in Cangar UB Experimental Garden and conventional potatoes owned by Mr. Sugeng in Cangar. The period of this research was from January to July 2018. The research used survey, exploration and comparison methods. This research used Completely Randomized Design (CRD) with 3 replication, thus there were 75 research units on first experiment and 36 research units on second experiment. The first experiment was a media retardation test against fungus growth found using 4 active fungicide namely Benomyl 50%, Metalaksil 25%, Mankozeb 80%, and Propineb 70%. The first experimental soil samples were taken from non-contaminated natural forest. The second experiment was the exploration of soil fungi from organic and conventional potato soil processing. Exploration in the second experiment used the RBC (Rose Bengal Chlorampenichol) culture medium with the addition of the selection active fungicide ingredient in the first experiment at various concentration. So obtained 6 combinations of media arrangements of the second experiment. Fungi that can grow successfully on the media then performed to purification, incubation, and identification. Observational variables in this research were the percentage of media in inhibitory power of fungal growth and fungal identification results by observing macroscopic and microscopic appearance. The result of fungi isolation on natural forest land were found in 5 type of fungi. There are Mucor sp., Trichoderma longibrachiatum, Penicillium sp. isolate 1, Fusarium sp. isolate 1, and Trichoderma koningii. The effectiveness test of fungicidal inhibition to soil fungi found in Mankozeb 80% media that can inhibit the growth of non target fungus by not showing the mechanism of inhibition of Trichoderma longibrachiatum. Based on the fungi isolation of organic potato field were found five types of fungi that can grow on RBC media without giving Mankozeb 80%, there are Penicillium sp. isolate 2, Penicillium sp. isolate 3, iv Phythophtora sp., Fusarium sp. isolate 2, and Fusarium sp. isolate 3. In the organic potato soil there is no fungi founded that can grow on the media which is added by active fungicide Mankozeb 80%. While on the conventional potato soil were found three types of fungal isolates, namely Penicillium sp. isolate 2, Penicillium sp. isolate 3, and Phythophtora sp.
| Item Type: | Thesis (Sarjana) |
|---|---|
| Identification Number: | SKR/FP/2018/577/051809753 |
| Uncontrolled Keywords: | Trichoderma Sp, Kentang (Solanum Tuberosum) |
| Subjects: | 500 Natural sciences and mathematics > 579 Natural history of microorganisms, fungi, algae > 579.5 Fungi > 579.56 Ascomycotina ( ascomycetes) > 579.567 Pyrenomycetes > 579.567 7 Hypocreales |
| Divisions: | Fakultas Pertanian > Hama dan Penyakit Tanaman |
| Depositing User: | Nur Cholis |
| Date Deposited: | 03 Dec 2018 06:52 |
| Last Modified: | 19 Oct 2021 13:36 |
| URI: | http://repository.ub.ac.id/id/eprint/13054 |
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