Rusdiana, IkaAgustin (2015) Pemanfaatan Mikroorganisme Antagonis Rhizosfer Kedelai Untuk Menekan Penyakit Rebah Semai Sclerotium Rolfsii Sacc. Pada Tanaman Kedelai (Glycine Max (L.) Merill). Sarjana thesis, Universitas Brawijaya.
Abstract
S. rolfsii ialah penyakit potensial yang dapat menurunkan produksi kedelai karena dapat menyebabkan tanaman mati bahkan dapat menimbulkan kegagalan panen (Pontjoweni et al., 1997). Sastrahidayat et al. (2007) menyatakan penyakit rebah semai dapat menyebabkan kehilangan hasil 75 hingga 100% pada tanaman kedelai dan kacang-kacangan. Seiring berkembangnya teknologi, banyak petani sadar akan pengendalian secara hayati. Mikroorganisme yang dapat hidup pada daerah rhizosfer sangat sesuai digunakan sebagai agens pengendalian hayati, mengingat bahwa rhizosfer adalah daerah utama dimana akar tumbuhan terbuka terhadap patogen. Jika terdapat mikroorganisme antagonis pada daerah ini, patogen akan berhadapan selama menyebar dan menginfeksi akar (Hassanudin, 2003). Penelitian dilaksanakan di Laboratorium Mikologi Hama dan Penyakit Tumbuhan, Fakultas Pertanian, Universitas Brawijaya Malang dan rumah kaca di daerah Tanjung Malang pada bulan Oktober hingga Januari 2015. Penelitian ini terdapat 5 tahapan, yakni Isolasi dan identifikasi jamur patogen, Eksplorasi dan pendahuluan uji antagonis isolat rhizosfer kedelai, Uji antagonis mikroorganisme rhizosfer potensial terhadap patogen S. rolfsii dan pengujian antibiosis secara in vitro dan Pengujian pengaruh mikroorganisme potensial terhadap jamur S. rolfsii secara in vivo. Hasil penelitian in vitro menunjukkan terdapat 5 isolat yang memiliki sifat antagonis yakni jamur Trichoderma sp. dengan mekanisme penghambatan hiperparasit dan 4 isolat dari golongan bakteri antagonis yang terdiri dari isolat 1, isolat 2, isolat 3 dan isolat 4 dengan mekanisme penghambatan antibiosis yang menyebabkan lisis pada hifa jamur S. rolfsii. Hasil penelitian in vivo menunjukkan perlakuan pemberian isolat antagonis potensial berpengaruh terhadap persentase kejadian penyakit rebah semai. Persentase kejadian penyakit S. rolfsii tertinggi pada perlakuan kontrol atau tanpa antagonis sebesar 80,71% sedangkan persentase terendah terjadi pada perlakuan pemberian jamur antagonis Trichoderma sp. sebesar 24,76%.
English Abstract
S. rolfsii is potential diseases that can reduce the production of soybean because it caused going to die and even lead to crop failure (Pontjoweni et al., 1997). Sastrahidayat et al. (2007) stated that the damping-off can cause yield losses 75 to 100% of soybean and nuts. As the development of technology, many farmers are aware of biological control. Microorganisms that can live in the rhizosphere is suitable as a biological control, given that the rhizosphere is the main area where the roots of plants exposed to pathogens. If there are antagonist microorganisms in this area, the pathogen will be faced during the spread and infect the roots (Hassanudin, 2003). The research was conducted at the Laboratory of Mycology Department of Plant Pests and Diseases, Faculty of Agriculture, Brawijaya University and greenhouse since October up to January 2015. This research are 5 stages, namely isolation and identification of pathogen fungi, exploration and preliminary antagonist test microorganisms of soybean rhizosphere, antagonist test of rhizosphere microorganisms potential against pathogens S. rolfsii and antibiosis test in vitro and testing the effectiveness of potential microorganisms against fungi S. rolfsii in vivo. The results of in vitro research showed that there were 5 isolates that possess the antagonist fungi Trichoderma sp. the inhibition mechanism hiperparasit and 4 isolates of bacteria antagonist consisting of isolate 1, isolate 2, isolate 3 and isolate 4 with antibiosis mechanism that causes lysis of the fungi hyphae of S. rolfsii. The results of in vivo research showed that treatment giving a potential antagonist microorganisms effect on the percentage of damping-off disease. The highest percentage of damping-off disease incidence in the control treatment or without antagonist by 80,71% while the lowest percentage in the treatment of antagonist fungi Trichoderma sp. by 24,71%.
| Item Type: | Thesis (Sarjana) |
|---|---|
| Identification Number: | SKR/FP/2015/178/051503085 |
| Subjects: | 600 Technology (Applied sciences) > 632 Plant injuries, diseases, pests |
| Divisions: | Fakultas Pertanian > Hama dan Penyakit Tanaman |
| Depositing User: | Budi Wahyono Wahyono |
| Date Deposited: | 04 May 2015 15:48 |
| Last Modified: | 19 Oct 2021 06:51 |
| URI: | http://repository.ub.ac.id/id/eprint/130158 |
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