Peranan Rumen Dengan Penambahan Aktivator EM 4 dan Pupuk Urea Terhadap Pertumbuhan dan Hasil Tanaman Pak choy (Brassica chinensis L.)

Hidayat, TaufiqurRochman (2014) Peranan Rumen Dengan Penambahan Aktivator EM 4 dan Pupuk Urea Terhadap Pertumbuhan dan Hasil Tanaman Pak choy (Brassica chinensis L.). Sarjana thesis, Universitas Brawijaya.

Abstract

Tanaman pak-choy (Brassica chinensis L.) ialah sayuran yang mempunyai nilai ekonomis dan kandungan gizi tinggi. Pengembangan budidaya pak-choy mempunyai prospek yang bagus, karena dapat meningkatkan pendapatan petani dan sumber gizi masyarakat. Produktivitas tanaman pakcoy tidak terlepas dari peran pupuk. Pemanfaatan dan penggunaan kembali limbah dari rumah potong hewan sebagai bahan organik masih belum ditangani secara optimal, sedangkan ketersediaan limbah dari rumah potong hewan tersebut terus bertambah seiring dengan berjalannya proses produksi. Pemanfaatan rumen menjadi pupuk tanaman ialah solusi alternatif yang dapat dilakukan sebagai upaya untuk pengelolaan dan pemanfaatan limbah rumah potong hewan agar dapat bersinergi dengan lingkungan. Tujuan penelitian ini ialah untuk mempelajari peran pupuk organik rumen dengan penambahan aktivator EM 4 yang dapat mengurangi peran pupuk Urea pada tanaman pak-choy. Sedangkan hipotesis yang diusulkan adalah Penggunaan nitrogen pada bahan organik rumen dengan penambahan aktivator EM 4 dapat mengurangi peran nitrogen dari pupuk Urea pada tanaman pak-choy Penelitian dilaksanakan di Desa Cemorokandang, Kecamatan Kedungkandang, Kabupaten Malang dalam bulan Juni sampai Agustus 2013. Pada ketinggian ±500 m dpl, suhu rata-rata adalah 18º-25 º C. Percobaan ini disusun menggunakan RAK dengan 9 perlakuan terdiri dari : P1 : Urea 176 kg ha- 1, P2 : Urea 132 kg ha-1+Rumen 2,3 ton ha1, P3 : Urea 88 kg ha-1+Rumen 4,6 ton ha-1, P4 : Urea 44 kg ha-1+Rumen 6,9 ton ha-1, P5 : Rumen 9,2 ton ha-1, P6 : Urea 132 kg ha-1+Rumen (EM 4) 2,2 ton ha-1, P7 : Urea 88 kg ha-1+Rumen (EM 4) 4,4 ton ha-1, P8 : Urea 44 kg ha-1+Rumen (EM 4) 6,6 ton ha-1, P9 : Rumen (EM 4) 8,8 ton ha-1. Plot percobaan sebanyak 27 dan terdiri dari 2457 tanaman. Pengamatan dilakukan pada komponen pertumbuhan secara destruktif dan pengamatan panen. Pengamatan destruktif dilakukan mulai tanaman berumur 10 sampai 30 hst. Pengamatan destruktif meliputi tinggi tanaman, bobot segar per tanaman, jumlah daun, diameter bonggol per tanaman, luas daun, bobot kering per tanaman, dan menghitung laju pertumbuhan relatife. Parameter panen meliputi bobot segar total tanaman, bobot segar konsumsi per tanaman, diameter bonggol per tanaman dan analisis usaha tani. Pengolahan data yang diperoleh dari analisis ragam (uji F) pada taraf 5% apabila terdapat pengaruh nyata maka akan dilanjutkan dengan uji beda berganda duncan (DMRT) pada taraf 5%. Hasil penelitian menunjukkan pemupukan 81 kg N ha-1 berupa pupuk Urea, rumen dan rumen yang ditambahkan aktivator EM 4 pada komposisi yang berbeda-beda memberikan perbedaan pada tinggi tanaman pada umur 20 dan 30 hst dan jumlah daun tanaman pada umur 20 hst pak-choy. Namun pemberian pupuk tidak memberikan hasil yang berbeda nyata pada hasil tanaman pak-choy. Penggunaan nitrogen pada bahan organik rumen 9,2 ton ha-1 menghasilkan produksi sebesar 23,76 ton ha-1 dan rumen dengan penambahan aktivator EM 4 8,8 ton ha-1 menghasilkan produksi 24,78 ton ha-1 sehingga dapat mengurangi peran nitrogen dari pupuk Urea 176 kg ha-1 yang menghasilkan produksi 24,07 ton ha-1 pada hasil tanaman pak-choy. Pemberian rumen 8,8 ton ha-1 dengan aktivator EM 4 dan rumen 9,2 ton ha-1 dapat meningkatkan C-organik tanah masing-masing sebesar 0,78% dan 0,32 % lebih tinggi dibandingkan pengaruh Urea yang mempunyai C-organik sebesar 1,38 %.

English Abstract

Bok-choy (Brassica chinensis L.) is one of vegetables that has economic value and high nutrient contents. The cultivations development of Bok-choy has good prospects, because it can increase the income of farmers and the public nutrition sources. Productivity of Bok-choy can’t be separated from the role of fertilizers. The utilization and reuse the waste of slaugther house as organic matter hasn’t been treated optimally, while the availability of waste from slaugther house continues growing with the pass of the production process. Utilization of rumen into fertilizer plants is an alternative solution that can be done as effort to management and utilization of waste from slaugther house in order to synergize with the environment. The purpose of this research is to study the roles of rumen organic fertilizer with activator addition of EM 4 that can be decrease the roles of urea in Bok-choy. The hypothesis proposed is the application of nitrogen in rumen organic matter with activator addition of EM 4 in certain doses can be decreasing the role of nitrogen in urea at Bok-choy. This research was conducted at Cemorokandang, Kedungkandang, Malang with an altitude of ± 500 meters asl, the temperatures is 18º-25 ºC, at June until August 2013. This experiments were prepared using nine treatments consists of : P1 : Urea 176 kg ha-1, P2 : Urea 132 kg ha-1 + Rumen 2.3 ton ha-1, P3 : Urea 88 kg ha-1 + Rumen 4.6 ton ha-1, P4 : Urea 44 kg ha-1 + Rumen 6.9 ton ha-1, P5 : Rumen 9.2 ton ha-1, P6 : Urea 132 kg ha-1 + Rumen (EM 4) 2.2 ton ha-1, P7 : Urea 88 kg ha-1 + Rumen (EM 4) 4.4 ton ha-1, P8 : Urea 44 kg ha-1 + Rumen (EM 4) 6.6 ton ha-1, P9 : Rumen (EM 4) 8.8 ton ha-1. Observation were made on growth components destructively and observations harvested. Destructive observations conducted from the ages of plant is 10 until 30 dap consists of : plant height, fresh weight per plant, the number of leaves, diameter basals per plant, leaf area, dry weight per plant, and calculation of relative growth rate. While to harvest parameters include total plant fresh weight, fresh weight consumption per plant, diameter basal per plant and analysis of farming. Tests carried out using Duncan test 5%. Result show that with use fertilization 81 kg N ha-1 form of urea, rumen and rumen were added activator of EM 4 on the different composition, have any affect on high of plant at 20 and 30 dap and numbers of leaves at 20 dap. The application of fertilizer isn’t significanlly different in yield. The application of nitrogen in the rumen organic matter with amount 9.2 ton ha-1 harvested in a high production of 23.76 ton ha-1 and the rumen with addition of activator EM 4 at a dose of 8.8 ton ha-1 produced 24.78 ton ha-1, it could be reduce the role of nitrogen from urea 176 kg ha-1 which produced 24.07 ton ha-1. The application of rumen 8.8 ton ha-1 with activator of EM 4 and rumen 9.2 ton ha-1 can increasing the organic soil carbon amount 0.78 % and 0.32 % more higher than urea fertilizer affect with C-organic of 1, 38 %.

Item Type: Thesis (Sarjana)
Identification Number: SKR/FP/2014/65/051401382
Subjects: 600 Technology (Applied sciences) > 631 Specific techniques; apparatus, equipment materials > 631.5 Cultivation and harvesting
Divisions: Fakultas Pertanian > Budidaya Pertanian
Depositing User: Budi Wahyono Wahyono
Date Deposited: 26 Feb 2014 14:14
Last Modified: 19 Oct 2021 03:21
URI: http://repository.ub.ac.id/id/eprint/130022
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