Rozikin, Andik (2014) Estimasi Cadangan Karbon pada berbagai Sistem Agroforestri di DAS Kali Konto Hilir. Sarjana thesis, Universitas Brawijaya.
Abstract
Kebutuhan penduduk akan pangan, papan, pakan dan tempat tinggal berkorelasi negatif dengan luasan tutupan hutan. Perubahan penggunaan lahan ini akan berakibat terhadap menurunnya cadangan karbon pada suatu ekosistem, karena kehilangan biomassa di atas permukaan tanah dan penurunan bahan organik dalam tanah. Agroforestri merupakan salah satu sistem pengelolaan hutan lestari yang berpotensi untuk dikembangkan sebagai penyimpan karbon. Agroforestri Di DAS Konto bagian hilir umumnya didominasi oleh agroforestri berbasis kopi dengan penaung umumnya leguminose (gamal, lamtoro atau dadap) atau dapat juga dikombinasi dengan pohon bermanfaat lainnya seperti buah-buahan (alpukat, durian, nangka, duku dan rambutan). Hasil penelitian ini bermanfaat untuk memberikan informasi potensi agroforestri sebagai penyimpan karbon di DAS Konto Hilir. Penelitian ini dilakukan di DAS Kali Konto Hilir, di Desa Bayem dan Pait Kecamatan Kasembon, Kabupaten Malang pada bulan November 2012-Januari 2013. Penelitian dilakukan dalam 2 tahap: pengambilan contoh di lapangan dan analisa laboratorium. Kegiatan diawali dengan pengumpulan data sekunder yang digunakan untuk klasifikasi tutupan lahan di lokasi penelitian, kemudian observasi wilayah untuk menentukan plot pengukuran cadangan karbon yang mewakili sistem penggunaan lahan (SPL) yang umum ditemui di lokasi penelitian. Plot pewakil berukuran 20x20 m2 dipilih di setiap jenis penggunaan lahan untuk pengukuran semua komponen penyusun karbon di lahan, yaitu biomasa dari pohon (tajuk dan akar, dimana akar diestimasi dengan menggunakan default value, rasio tajuk : akar adalah 4:1) dan tumbuhan bawah, nekromasa (kayu mati, cabang ranting dan seresah), dan bahan organik tanah kedalaman 0-10 cm, 10-20 cm, dan 20-30 cm. Hasil penelitian menunjukkan bahwa cadangan karbon rata-rata tertinggi Monokultur Mahoni dengan kisaran umur 6-8 tahun (179,6 Mg ha-1), sedangkan cadangan karbon terendah terdapat pada Agroforestri Sederhana Kopi dengan kisaran umur 12-15 tahun (67,6 Mg ha-1). Perbedaan ini disebabkan oleh adanya perbedaan umur tanaman, struktur, komponen penyusun, dan kerapatan populasi pohon pada lahan. Rata-rata nilai cadangan karbon diatas permukaaan tanah mengkontribusi sekitar 73% (126,5 Mg ha-1), sedangkan bahan organik tanah hanya mengkontribusi karbon sekitar 27% (47,3Mg ha-1). Kontribusi nekromasa, tumbuhan bawah, dan seresah, terhadap total cadangan C relatif kecil bila dibandingkan dengan kontribusi biomasa pohon.
English Abstract
People’s needs for food, shelters, and homes have negatively correlated with the forest cover. The change on the land use will lead to the decrease of the carbon stock within an ecosystem due to the loss of biomass on the ground level and the decrease of organic materials. Agroforestry is a sustainable forest management system that has the potential to be developed as a carbon storage. Agroforestry at the downstream Watershed of Konto is generally dominated by a coffea-based agroforestry with the main cover being leguninose (gamal, lamtoro, or dadap) or it is combined with fruit trees (avocado, durian, jackfruit, duku, and rambutan trees). The results of this study have brought a benefit in providing information about agroforestry potentials as a carbon storage at the KontoHilir Watershed. The study was conducted at the Konto Hilir Watershed in Bayem Village, Kasembon District, Malang in November 2012 to January 2013. The study was conducted in two stages: sample gathering in the field and laboratory observation. The study began with the secondary data collection to classify the land covers in the site of the study, and was followed by area observation to determine the plots for the carbon stock measurement to represent the land-use system generally found in the study site. Plot of each sample is at 20x20 m2 and is chosen in every type of the land use for the purpose measuring all components composing the carbon in the land, namely the biomass of trees (canopies and roots, in which the roots are estimated by using default value, with the ratio of canopy : root is 4:1) and ground plantations, necromass (deadwood, twigs and plant litters), and land organic materials in 0-10 cm, 10-20 cm, and 20-30 cm depths. The results of the study show that the highest average carbon stock is Mahogany Monoculture with the age ranging from 6 to 8 years (179,6 Mg ha-1), while the lowest carbon stock is Simple Agroforestry of Coffea with the age ranging from 12 to 15 years (67,6 Mg ha-1). Such difference is caused by the difference of the plants’ ages, structures, composing structures, and the trees’ density on the land. In average, the carbon stock above the ground level contributes around 73% ((126,5Mg ha-1), while the land organic materials only contributes around 27% (47,3Mg ha-1) to the carbon. The contributions of the necromass, ground plantations, and plants’ litters to the total C stock are relatively small compared to that of the trees’ biomass.
| Item Type: | Thesis (Sarjana) |
|---|---|
| Identification Number: | SKR/FP/2014/57/051401687 |
| Subjects: | 500 Natural sciences and mathematics > 551 Geology, hydrology, meteorology |
| Divisions: | Fakultas Pertanian > Ilmu Tanah |
| Depositing User: | Hasbi |
| Date Deposited: | 06 Mar 2014 10:24 |
| Last Modified: | 19 Oct 2021 03:08 |
| URI: | http://repository.ub.ac.id/id/eprint/130012 |
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