Hira, AjrinaRahmah (2014) Pengaruh Faktor Internal dan Eksternal Rumah Tangga Konsumen Terhadap Tingkat Konsumsi Beras Pada Komunitas Rukun Warga Tujuh Kelurahan Balearjosari Malang. Sarjana thesis, Universitas Brawijaya.
Abstract
Beras merupakan makanan pokok masyarakat Indonesia, karena hampir 95% rumah tangga di Indonesia mengkonsumsi beras. Dengan perkembangan penduduk yang terus meningkat, maka kebutuhan beras untuk konsumsi terus meningkat. Oleh karena itu, upaya untuk mempertahankan/meningkatkan ketahanan pangan dapat dilakukan antara lain melalui menekan konsumsi beras. Apalagi tingkat konsumsi beras di Indonesia tergolong tertinggi di Dunia, yaitu 139 kg per kapita pertahun. Sementara itu, tingkat konsumsi beras dunia hanya sekitar 60 kg per kapita pertahun. Menurut Khudori (2014) di Indonesia belum ada tata kelola data beras yang baik. Masalah keragaman data perberasan khususnya tingkat konsumsi beras per kapita per tahun dapat ditunjukkan oleh : Pertama, menurut BAPPENAS, tingkat konsumsi beras per kapita penduduk Indonesia pada 2004 adalah 128 kg/kapita/ tahun (BAPPENAS, 2010). Kedua, pada tahun 2011 Mentan menyatakan bahwa konsumsi beras per kapita orang Indonesia hanya 113 kg per kapita pertahun. Tetapi pada tahun 2014, Mentan menyatakan bahwa rata-rata konsumsi beras di Indonesia mencapai 130 kilogram per kapita pertahun ( Setiana, 2014). Tingkat konsumsi beras rumah tangga berkaitan erat dengan faktor sosial, budaya dan ekonomi. Oleh karena itu, penelitian tingkat konsumsi beras dan faktor-faktor yang mempengaruhinya adalah menarik untuk dilakukan termasuk pada masyarakat kota sebagai konsumen beras. Informasi ini penting dalam upaya untuk mengurangi ketergantungan terhadap beras. Berdasarkan uraian di atas, maka tujuan penelitian dapat dirumuskan sebagai berikut: (1) Mendeskripsikan tingkat konsumsi beras rumah tangga konusmen pada RW7 Kelurahan Balearjosari Malang. (2) Menganalisis pengaruh langsung faktor internal dan eksternal rumah tangga terhadap tingkat konsumsi beras di Kelurahan Balearjosari Malang. (3) Menganalisis pengaruh tidak langsung faktor internal dan eksternal rumah tangga terhadap tingkat konsumsi beras di Kelurahan Balearjosari Malang. Penelitian ini dilakukan di RW 7 kelurahan Balearjosari kecamatan Blimbing kota Malang dengan pertimbangan pada lokasi tersebut pernah dilakukan program Kawasan Rumah Pangan Lestari (KRPL). Penentuan sampel menggunakan cluster sampling, sehingga diperoleh jumlah sampel sebanyak 41 rumah tangga. Pengumpulan data dilakukan dengan wawancara menggunakan kuesioner, dan didukung dengan pengumpulan data observasi dan dokumen (data sekunder). Data dianalisis dengan statistik deskriptif (tabel) dan statistik inferensial, yaitu analisis jejak (path analysis). Hasil analisis dan pembahasan dapat dikemukakan sebagai berikut: Tingkat konsumsi beras rata - rata rumah tangga di Kelurahan Balearjosari Kota Malang lebih rendah dibandingkan dengan tingkat konsumsi beras nasional dan maupun di tingkat provinsi Jawa Timur. Tingkat konsumsi beras rumah tangga di Kelurahan Balearjosari Malang sebesar 88,465 kg/ kapita/ tahun. Sementara tingkat konsumsi beras tingkat nasional dan provinsi Jawa Timur, masing-masing adalah 91,52 kg/ kapita/ tahun. Tingkat konsumsi beras rumah tangga di Kelurahan Balearjosari Malang dipengaruhi secara langsung oleh faktor internal dan eksternal rumah tangga. Faktor internal (X1) yaitu pendidikan ibu rumah tangga sebesar 0,557 satuan, selera ibu rumah tangga sebesar 0,598 satuan, serta gaya hidup rumah tangga sebesar 0,558 satuan dan Faktor Eksternal (X2) yaitu kelas sosial rumah tangga sebesar 0,700 satuan, lokasi pembelian sebesar 0,304 satuan, serta sumber informasi sebesar 0,423 satuan. Faktor internal dan eksternal rumah tangga secara tidak langsung berpengaruh signifikan terhadap tingkat konsumsi beras rumah tangga yang terdiri dari Faktor Internal berupa pendidikan ibu rumah tangga melalui persepsi atribut sebesar 0,271, selera ibu rumah tangga melalui persepsi atribut sebesar 0,361, gaya hidup rumah tangga melalui persepsi atribut sebesar 0,341 dan faktor eksternal berupa kelas sosial rumah tangga melalui persepsi atribut sebesar 0,321, alksesibilitas lokasi tempat pembelian beras melalui atribut sebesar 0,357, dan sumber informasi melalui persepsi atribut sebesar 0,197. Dalam upaya untuk menjaga dan memenuhi kebutuhan beras perlu diperhatikan proses distribusinya agar permintaan beras di kota Malang dapat terpenuhi. Disamping itu dalam upaya menjaga kestabilan ketahanan pangan nasional, diperlukan peningkatan dalam progaram program pemerintah seperti program diversifikasi pangan, dan menganalkan pangan selain beras yang dapat memenuhi kebutuhan energi , lebih bergizi dan bermanfaat bagi kesehatan masyarakat.
| Item Type: | Thesis (Sarjana) |
|---|---|
| Identification Number: | SKR/FP/2014/406/051407632 |
| Subjects: | 300 Social sciences > 338 Production > 338.1 Agriculture |
| Divisions: | Fakultas Pertanian > Agribisnis |
| Depositing User: | Budi Wahyono Wahyono |
| Date Deposited: | 11 Nov 2014 09:18 |
| Last Modified: | 20 Oct 2021 11:38 |
| URI: | http://repository.ub.ac.id/id/eprint/129884 |
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