Intan, RizatulMaelaTri (2014) Potensi Antagonis Jamur Endofit Dan Khamir Pada Tanaman Pisang ( Musa Accumunata ) Terhadap Jamur Mycosphaerella Musicola Penyebab Penyakit Bercak Kuning Sigatoka. Sarjana thesis, Universitas Brawijaya.
Abstract
Pisang merupakan tanaman hortikultura yang mempunyai tingkat produksi yang tinggi dan cenderung meningkat dari tahun ke tahun. Walaupun seperti itu produksi pisang di Indonesia masih kalah dengan India dan Uganda. Pertumbuhan tanaman pisang juga selalu diganggu oleh serangan organisme pengganggu tanaman, baik di pembibitan maupun di lapangan. Adanya penyakit pada daun dapat mengurangi fotosintesis, sehingga mengganggu pertumbuhan dan perkembangan tanaman (Kistler, 1997; Smith, 2007). Salah satu organisme pengganggu tanaman tersebut adalah jamur pathogen bercak kuning sigatoka yang menyerang pisang. Pengendalian secara biologis dilakukan untuk menekan jamur Mycosphaerella musicola penyebab bercak kuning sigatoka, dengan menggunakan agen hayati seperti jamur endofit dan khamir yang memiliki potensi antagonis. Penelitian ini dilaksanakan di Laboratorium Mikologi, Jurusan Hama dan Penyakit Tumbuhan , Fakultas Pertanian, Universitas Brawijaya Malang pada bulan januari sampai bulan juni 2014. Penelitian ini menggunakan metode eksplorasi dan eksperimental, penelitian ini menggunakan Rancangan Acak Lengkap dan menggunakan uji lanjutan Duncan dengan taraf kesalahan 5 % karena hasil perhitungan yang diperoleh berbeda nyata. Dari hasil isolasi dan identifikasi diperoleh 17 isolat jamur endofit dan 5 isolat khamir yang berpotensi antagonis terhadap jamur Mycosphaerella musicola . 8 genus jamur endofit pada tanaman pisang yang berpotensi untuk menekan pertumbuhan jamur pathogen Mycosphaerella musicola antara lain yaitu Alternaria , Paecilomyces, Fusarium 1, Helminthosporium , Colletotrichum, Cephalosporium 1 , Cephalosporium 2, Fusarium 2, Bipolaris , Trichoderma dan isolat yang tidak teridentifikasi yaitu isolat EP1, isolat EP2, isolat EP3, isolat EP4, isolat EP5, isolat EP6 dan isolat EP7, jamur endofit yang paling berpotensi uantuk menekan pertumbuhan Mycosphaerella musicola adalah fusarium2 . 5 isolat khamir yang ada pada tanaman pisang, yamng mampu menhambat pertumbuhan Mycosphaerella musicola secara in-vitro. Khamir tersebut adalah Metschnikowia , Rhodotorula 1, Rhodotorula 2, Candida dan Hansenula. Khamir yang paling berpotensi untuk mengendalikan Mycosphaerella musicola adalah Rhodotorula 2.
English Abstract
Banana is horticulture plant which has high production levels and tend to increase from year to year. Even so, banana production in Indonesia is still inferior to India and Uganda. The growth of banana plant is also plagued by attacks of plant pest organisms, either in the nursery or in the field. The presence of the disease on the leaves can reduce photosynthesis, so that it interfere the growth and progress of plants (Kistler, 1997; Smith, 2007). One of bug organism is a sigatoka yellow spot pathogen which attacks banana leaf. The biological control was carried out to suppress the Mycosphaerella musicola fungi as the cause of sigatoka yellow spot disease and used biological agents such as endophyte fungi and yeasts which has antagonists potential. This research was carried out in the laboratory of Mycology, Plant Pests and disease Department, Faculty of Agriculture, University of Brawijaya Malang in January until June 2014.This research used experimental and exploration methods. This study used a Randomized Complete Design and Duncan advanced test with 5% error level because the calculation result was markedly different. The results of isolation and identification showed that there were 17 endophyte fungal isolate and 5 yeast isolate which have antagonist potential on the Mycosphaerella musicola fungus. 8 genus of endophyte fungus on banana plants which potentially suppress the growth of Mycosphaerella musicola pathogen were Alternaria , Paecilomyces, Fusarium 1, Helminthosporium 2, Colletotrichum , Cephalosporium 1, Cephalosporium 2, Fusarium 2, Bipolaris , Trichoderma . While the unidentifed isolates were isolates EP1, isolates EP2, isolates EP3, isolates EP4, isolates EP5, isolates EP6 and isolates EP7. Endophyte fungi which has large potential to suppress the growth of Mycosphaerella musicola was Fusarium2. 5 yeast isolates on banana plants which were able to inhibit the growth of Mycosphaerella musicola in in-vitro, were Metschnikowia, Rhodotorula 1 , Rhodotorula 2, Candida and Hansenula .The yeasts which have big potential to control Mycosphaerella musicola pathogen was Rhodotorula 2.
| Item Type: | Thesis (Sarjana) |
|---|---|
| Identification Number: | SKR/FP/2014/343/051406873 |
| Subjects: | 600 Technology (Applied sciences) > 632 Plant injuries, diseases, pests |
| Divisions: | Fakultas Pertanian > Hama dan Penyakit Tanaman |
| Depositing User: | Hasbi |
| Date Deposited: | 21 Oct 2014 09:45 |
| Last Modified: | 20 Oct 2021 07:35 |
| URI: | http://repository.ub.ac.id/id/eprint/129816 |
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