Pengaruh Pemberian Kasein Hidrolisat terhadap Pertumbuhan dan Hasil Tanaman Stroberi Varietas Lokal Berastagi (Fragaria x ananassa Duchesne) Hasil Kultur Meristem

Aruan, Dosmauli (2014) Pengaruh Pemberian Kasein Hidrolisat terhadap Pertumbuhan dan Hasil Tanaman Stroberi Varietas Lokal Berastagi (Fragaria x ananassa Duchesne) Hasil Kultur Meristem. Sarjana thesis, Universitas Brawijaya.

Abstract

Tanaman stroberi ( Fragaria x ananassa Duchesne ) merupakan tanaman liar yang ada di pegunungan dan hanya dapat tumbuh di daerah subtropis. Produksi buah stroberi di Indonesia tahun 2009 sebesar 19.132 ton dan mengalami perkembangan produksi 29,87% (5.714 ton) pada tahun 2010, dimana jumlah produksi tahun 2010 sebanyak 24.846 ton (Badan Pusat Statistik, 2011). Pengembangan budidaya tanaman stroberi di Indonesia terus meningkat namun potensi produktivitasnya masih tergolong rendah dan belum dapat bersaing dengan negara-negara maju. Hal ini terjadi karena teknologi budidaya yang digunakan petani stroberi masih rendah sehingga kualitas dan kuantitas produksi yang dihasilkan juga rendah. Permasalahan tersebut seharusnya dapat diatasi dengan pemberian pupuk berupa asam amino dengan dosis yang tepat dan waktu pemberian secara bertahap untuk mencegah kehilangan unsur N. Salah satu sumber N organik yang biasa digunakan adalah kasein hidrolisat yang merupakan gabungan dari 20 jenis asam amino dan amonium ( Mayang et al ., 2011 ). Tujuan dari penelitian ini untuk mendapatkan dosis dan waktu pemberian asam amino yang menggunakan kasein hidrolisat terhadap pertumbuhan dan hasil stroberi. Penelitian dilaksanakan di Screen House Balai Penelitian Tanaman Jeruk dan Buah Subtropika, Tlekung, Kecamatan Junrejo , Kota Batu dengan menggunakan polibag. Penelitian dilaksanakan pada bulan Desember sampai dengan April 2014. Alat-alat yang digunakan pada penelitian ini adalah cangkul, timbangan analitik, kamera digital, pengaris, jangka sorong, hand sprayer dan cetok. Bahan-bahan yang digunakan pada penelitian ini adalah bibit stroberi varietas Berastagi dari hasil kultur jaringan meristem, pupuk kandang, pupuk NPK 16:16:16, arang sekam, tanah, polibag, insektisida Prefonofos 500 g/L , fungisida Propineb 70% dan Tebuconazole 25% . Penelitian ini menggunakan Rancangan Faktorial berdasarkan Rancangan Acak Kelompok (RAK) yang terdiri dari 9 perlakuan dengan 3 kali ulangan dan masing-masing perlakuan terdiri dari 4 tanaman sehingga diperoleh 108 tanaman. Perlakuan tersebut terdiri dari tanpa pemberian kasein hidrolisat), D1 (dosis 5,81 mg/100/ml diberikan setiap 1 minggu (D0), dosis 11,62 mg/100/ml diberikan setiap 1 minggu (D2), dosis 23,31 mg/100/ml diberikan setiap 1 minggu (D3), dosis 46,62 mg/100/ml diberikan setiap 1 minggu (D4), dosis 11,62 mg/100/ml diberikan setiap 2 minggu (D5), dosis 23,24 mg/100/ml diberikan setiap 2 minggu (D6), dosis 46,62 mg/100/ml diberikan setiap 2 minggu (D7) dan dosis 93,24 mg/100/ml diberikan setiap 2 minggu (D8). Pengamatan dilakukan terhadap pertumbuhan dan panen. Pengamatan pertumbuhan dilakukan 2 minggu setelah tanam. Pengamatan pertumbuhan meliputi tinggi tanaman, jumlah daun, jumlah stolon, luas daun dan fruitset (%). Pengamatan panen dilakukan 33 hari setelah tanam hingga 84 hst. Pengamatan panen meliputi bobot segar tanaman, jumlah buah, diameter buah. Data yang didapatkan dari hasil pengamatan akan dilakukan analisis dengan menggunakan analisis ragam (uji F) dengan taraf 5% untuk mengetahui pengaruh yang diberikan. Apabila terdapat beda nyata, maka dilanjutkan dengan uji BNT dengan taraf 5% untuk mengetahui apakah ada perbedaan yang nyata antar perlakuan. Berdasarkan hasil penelitian didapatkan kesimpulan bahwa perlakuan kontrol tanpa pemberian kasein hidrolisat (D0) terbukti memiliki nilai tinggi tanaman, jumlah daun, jumlah stolon, luas daun, bobot segar buah dan diameter buah yang lebih rendah dibandingkan perlakuan lainnya. Perlakuan waktu pemberian kasein hidrolisat dosis 93,24 mg/100/ml per rumpun ( D8 ) memiliki rata-rata bobot buah segar yang lebih tinggi dan tidak berbeda nyata dengan perlakuan dosis 46,62 mg/100/ml per rumpun ( D4 ), dosis 11,62 mg/100/ml per rumpun ( D5 ), dosis 23,24 mg/100/ml per rumpun ( AMILY: "Times New Roman"

English Abstract

Plant strawberry ( Fragaria x ananassa Duchesne ) is a wild plant that is in the mountains and can only be grown in subtropical areas. Strawberry production in Indonesia in 2009 amounted to 19 132 tonnes and has developed production of 29.87% (5,714 tons) in 2010, where the number of production as much as 24 846 tons in 2010 (Badan Pusat Statistik, 2011). Strawberry cultivation in Indonesia continues to increase but the potential productivity is still low and it can not compete with developed countries. This happens because of the technology used by farmers cultivating strawberries remains low so that the quality and quantity of the resulting production is also low. These problems can be overcome by administration of amino acids with the appropriate dose and time of administration gradually to prevent losing the element of N. One source of organic N is commonly used casein hydrolyzate which is a combination of 20 types of amino acids and ammonium ( Mayang et al ., 2011 ). The purpose of this study to get a dose and time of administration of amino acids using casein hydrolyzate on the growth and yield of strawberries . The experiment was conducted in the Screen House Research Institute for Citrus and Subtropical Fruit , Tlekung , District Junrejo , Batu City using polybags . The experiment was conducted in December until April 2014 . Instruments used in this study is hoe , analytical balance , a digital camera , pengaris , calipers , hand sprayer and a trowel . The materials used in this study is a strawberry seed varieties Berastagi of meristem tissue culture , animal manure , NPK 16:16:16 fertilizer, husk charcoal , soil , polybags , insecticides prefonofos 500 g/L , fungicides propineb 70% and tebuconazole 25% . This research uses design by Randomized Block Design (RBD ) consisting of 9 treatments with 3 replications and each treatment consisted of 4 plants in order to obtain 108 plants . The treatment consists of without casein hydrolyzate 0 ml (D0), casein hydrolyzate 5,81 mg/100/ml per plant given every 1 week (D1), casein hydrolyzate 11,62 mg/100/ml per plant given every 1 week (D2), casein hydrolyzate 23,31 mg/100/ml per plant given every 1 week (D3), casein hydrolyzate 46,62 mg/100/ml per plant given every 1 week (D4), casein hydrolyzate 11,62 mg/100/ml per plant given every 2 weeks (D5), casein hydrolyzate 23,24 mg/100/ml per plant given every 2 weeks (D6), casein hydrolyzate 46,62 mg/100/ml per plant given every 2 weeks (D7) and casein hydrolyzate 93,24 mg/100/ml per plant given every 2 weeks (D8). Observations were made on the growth and harvest . Growth observations performed 2 weeks after planting . Growth observations are plant height , number of leaves , number of stolon , leaf area and fruitset ( %). Harvest observations on 33 days after planting until 84 dap . Harvest observations are plant fresh weight , number of fruit and fruit diameter . The data obtained from the analysis of the observations using analysis of variance ( F test) with a level of 5 % to determine the effect of a given . If there is a significant difference , then followed by LSD test at 5% level to determine whether there are significant differen

Item Type:	Thesis (Sarjana)
Identification Number:	SKR/FP/2014/295/051406400
Divisions:	Fakultas Pertanian > Budidaya Pertanian
Depositing User:	Hasbi
Date Deposited:	28 Oct 2014 09:46
Last Modified:	20 Oct 2021 06:56
URI:	http://repository.ub.ac.id/id/eprint/129763

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