Prabowo, UnggulIman (2013) Pengamatan Populasi Penggerek Batang Padi dan Parasitoidnya Pada Pertanaman Padi Di Desa Bayem Kecamatan Kasembon. Sarjana thesis, Universitas Brawijaya.
Abstract
Di Indonesia, padi merupakan tanaman yang banyak dibudidayakan oleh petani karena hasil tanaman padi berupa beras merupakan makanan pokok bagi sebagian besar penduduk Indonesia. Salah satu hama yang menyerang tanaman padi yaitu penggerek batang padi (PBP). Pada tanaman padi, PBP menyerang pada fase vegetatif dan generatif. Gejala serangan pada tanaman padi stadia vegetatif dikenal dengan sebutan sundep dan pada fase generatif disebut beluk. Penggerek batang padi mempunyai musuh alami yang menyerang berbagai stadia kehidupan, sehingga mampu bekerja sebagai pengatur populasi di alam. Oleh karena itu dilakukan penelitian fluktuasi populasi PBP dan parasitoidnya pada lahan sawah. Penelitian dilaksanakan di lahan pertanaman padi Gabungan Kelompok Tani Rukun Tani, Desa Bayem, Kecamatan Kasembon dan di Laboratorium Jurusan Hama dan Penyakit Tumbuhan Fakultas Pertanian Universitas Brawijaya. Penelitian ini dilaksanakan mulai bulan November 2011 sampai dengan bulan Maret 2012. Metode penelitian yang digunakan adalah metode survei, untuk mengetahui populasi PBP dan musuh alaminya. Pada penelitian ini budidaya padi dilakukan secara PHT yang dibedakan menjadi dua, yaitu PHT A dan PHT B. Praktik yang mendasar dalam membedakan pelaksanaan budidaya adalah pemberian pupuk dengan dosis yang berbeda. Budidaya PHT A menggunakan pupuk Urea 250 kg/ha, KCl 100 kg/ha dan SP36 100 kg/ha (berdasarkan analisis tanah dan rekomendasi). Pada lahan PHT B menggunakan pupuk Urea 500 kg/ha, KCl 200 kg/ha dan SP36 200 kg/ha (berdasarkan cara petani). Dari pertanaman padi masing-masing diambil 17 tanaman contoh dengan menggunakan metode diagonal dan ditandai dengan ajir. Penelitian dilaksanakan dengan mengamati larva PBP dari tanaman contoh, kelompok telur PBP, intensitas serangan, populasi imago penggerek batang padi dan parasitoid pada panci perangkap kuning. Rerata populasi larva PBP pada lahan PHT B lebih tinggi dari pada lahan PHT A. Rerata populasi larva penggerek tertinggi pada lahan PHT A adalah 0,62 ekor per rumpun yang ditemukan pada 14 MST dan lahan PHT B adalah 0,71 ekor per rumpun pada 14 MST. Populasi terendah pada lahan PHT A dan PHT B adalah 0 ekor per rumpun pada 1 MST. Intensitas kerusakan pada lahan PHT B relatif lebih tinggi dari pada lahan PHT A. Pada pengamatan populasi imago menunjukkan rerata populasi imago pada lahan PHT A sebesar 2,82 ekor per perangkap, sedangkan pada lahan PHT B sebesar 3 ekor per perangkap. Pada pengamatan telur PBP menunjukan tingkat parasitasi telur tertinggi adalah 96,7% dan terendah adalah 37,08%. Parasitoid yang ditemukan pada kelompok telur paling banyak adalah Tetrastichus schoenobii Ferr. Sedangkan Parasitoid yang
English Abstract
In Indonesia, rice is a staple food for most of Indonesian people, therefore it is widely cultivated by farmers. One of the key pest on rice is rice stem borer, which is attack at vegetative and generative phase of rice. The symptom at the vegetative phase is known as sundep and at the generative phase also known as beluk. Rice stem borers have some natural enemies that are attack many kinds of life stadia like the eggs, larvae, and pupae, they would be able to work as the regulator of natural population of rice stem borer. Therefore, research about the population fluctuation of rice stem borer and its parasitoid in rice field was conducted. To know the effect of the application of good practices on rice, an observation about the population fluctuation of rice stem borer and its parasitoid was conducted in rice field of Gabungan Kelompok Tani Rukun Tani at Bayem village Kasembon district Malang regency and in Laboratory of Pest and Plant Disease Department Agriculture Faculty Brawijaya University Malang. The research was done from November 2011 until March 2012. Survey was held to know the population of rice stem borer and their natural enemies. On this research, rice cultivation was conducted at IPM manner which is differentiated into two, that are IPM A and IPM B. The fundamental practice in IPM A and IPM B was the different dosages giving of fertilizer. IPM A cultivation applied 250 kg/ha of Urea, 100 kg/ha of KCl and 100 kg/ha of SP36 (it was based on soil analysis and recommendation), and IPM B cultivation applied 500 kg/ha of Urea, 200 kg/ha of KCl and 200 kg/ha of SP36 (based on farmer’s way). From each rice field, it was taken 17 hills by diagonal and it was marked by stakes. This research was carried out by observing the rice stem borer larvae from each plant sample, the rice stem borer’s eggs and the attack intensity. The population of adult rice stem borer and the parasitoid were observed by pan trap. The average population of rice stem borer larvae at IPM B field was higher than at IPM A field. The highest average population larvae at IPM A field was 0,62 per hills at 14 weeks after planting and IPM B field was 0,71 per hills after weeks planting. The lowest population on the IPM A and IPM B field was 0 per hills after weeks planting. The damage intensity at IPM B field was higher than at IPM A field. The average of adult population which were caught by yellow pan trap at IPM A field and IPM B field were 2,82/trap and 3/trap respectively. The percentage of parasitism on the eggs was between 37,08%-96,7%. The Tetrastichus schoenobii Ferr was the mostly found parasitoid rice stem borer eggs, however Trichogramma sp. was the highest number of parasitoid caught in yellow pan trap.
| Item Type: | Thesis (Sarjana) |
|---|---|
| Identification Number: | SKR/FP/2013/353/051400709 |
| Subjects: | 600 Technology (Applied sciences) > 632 Plant injuries, diseases, pests |
| Divisions: | Fakultas Pertanian > Hama dan Penyakit Tanaman |
| Depositing User: | Budi Wahyono Wahyono |
| Date Deposited: | 06 Feb 2014 10:28 |
| Last Modified: | 19 Oct 2021 08:37 |
| URI: | http://repository.ub.ac.id/id/eprint/129475 |
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DAFTAR_PUSTAKA.pdf Download (1MB) | Preview |
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II._TINJAUAN_PUSTAKA.pdf Download (1MB) | Preview |
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IV._HASIL_DAN_PEMBAHASAN.pdf Download (1MB) | Preview |
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I._PENDAHULUAN.pdf Download (1MB) | Preview |
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III._METODOLOGI.pdf Download (1MB) | Preview |
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LAMPIRAN.pdf Download (1MB) | Preview |
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RINGKASAN.pdf Download (1MB) | Preview |
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V._KESIMPULAN.pdf Download (1MB) | Preview |
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