Multazam, MohAinun (2013) Pengaruh Macam Pupuk Organik Dan Mulsa Pada Tanaman Brokoli (Brassica oleracea L. var. Italica). Sarjana thesis, Universitas Brawijaya.
Abstract
Sayuran merupakan tanaman hortikultura yang sangat dibutuhkan oleh manusia karena memiliki berbagai macam kandungan, baik mineral maupun vitamin, sehingga sayuran memiliki prospek pasar yang bagus untuk dijadikan sebagai komoditas unggulan. Salah satu sayuran yang memiliki kandungan gizi yang banyak serta memiliki nilai ekonomi yang tinggi adalah brokoli. Menurut data BPS (2012), produksi brokoli Indonesia mencapai 113,941 ton, namun produksi tersebut tidak dapat mencukupi kebutuhan pasar lokal, apalagi untuk mencukupi kebutuhan pasar internasional yang setiap tahun selalu mengalami peningkatan antara 20-30%. Dengan pemberian pupuk organik sebagai pengganti pupuk anorganik dan mulsa untuk mengurangi penggunaan pestisida di lahan menjadi sangat penting untuk mengurangi pencemaran lingkungan yang diakibatkan oleh pupuk anorganik dan pestisida. Selain ramah lingkungan dan murah, penggunaan keduanya juga mudah untuk diterapkan oleh petani yang diharapkan mampu meningkatkan kualitas dan kuantitas dari tanaman brokoli. Tujuan dari penelitian ini untuk mendapatkan macam pupuk organik dan mulsa yang dapat menggantikan peran pupuk anorganik pada tanaman brokoli. Sedangkan hipotesis yang diusulkan adalah Pemberian MPHP dan jerami yang dikombinasikan dengan pupuk organik yang tepat dapat menggantikan peran pupuk anorganik pada tanaman brokoli. Penelitian dilaksanakan di kebun percobaan Universitas Brawijaya yang terletak di Dusun Cangar, Desa Sumberbrantas, Kecamatan Bumiaji, Kota Batu. Penelitian ini dilakukan dengan menggunakan Rancangan Acak Kelompok (RAK) dengan 3 kali ulangan, yaitu: P1: tanpa mulsa + urea, P2: tanpa mulsa + pupuk kandang ayam, P3: tanpa mulsa + kompos tanaman, P4: tanpa mulsa + petroganik, P5: MPHP + urea , P6: MPHP + pupuk kandang ayam, P7 : MPHP kompos tanaman, P8: MPHP + petroganik, P9: mulsa jerami + urea, P10: mulsa jerami + pupuk kandang ayam, P11: mulsa jerami + kompos tanaman, P12: mulsa jerami + petroganik. Pengamatan dilakukan secara destruktif, pengamatan lingkungan, serta pengamatan panen. Pengamatan dilaksanakan pada saat tanaman berumur 15, 30, 45, 60 dan 75 hst (panen). Pengamatan destruktif meliputi : jumlah daun, luas daun, bobot segar total tanaman, bobot kering total tanaman. Pengamatan lingkungan meliputi : kelembaban tanah, suhu tanah, radiasi matahari. Pengamatan panen meliputi bobot segar total tanaman, bobot konsumsi tanaman, diameter bunga dan analisis usaha tani. Data yang diperoleh dianalisis dengan menggunakan analisis ragam (uji F) pada taraf 5%. Apabila terjadi pengaruh nyata, maka dilanjutkan dengan uji BNT pada taraf 5% untuk mengetahui perbedaan diantara perlakuan Hasil penelitian menunjukkan bahwa perlakuan MPHP + pupuk kandang ayam menghasilkan hasil panen yang lebih baik daripada perlakuan tanpa mulsa maupun mulsa jerami pada semua jenis pupuk. Perlakuan MPHP + pupuk kandang ayam menghasilkan 9,8 ton ha-1. Perlakuan MPHP + pupuk kandang ayam mampu meningkatkan bobot konsumsi 159-165% lebih tinggi daripada perlakuan tanpa mulsa pada semua jenis pupuk dan meningkatkan bobot konsumsi 144-206% lebih tinggi daripada perlakuan mulsa jerami pada semua jenis pupuk. Penggunaan MPHP mampu menjaga kelembaban tanah dan suhu tanah serta mampu meningkatkan penerimaan cahaya matahari 27% lebih tinggi daripada tanpa mulsa dan 34% lebih tinggi daripada perlakuan mulsa jerami.
English Abstract
Vegetables are horticultural crops that are needed by humans because it has a wide range of content, are minerals and vitamins, so the vegetables have a good prospects to be used as a commodity. One of the vegetables that contain a lot of nutrients and has a high economic value is broccoli. According to BPS data (2012), Indonesia broccoli production reached 113.941 tons, but production is not enough to meet the needs of the local market, especially to meet the needs of the international market every year always increase between 20-30%. With organic fertilizer as a substitute for inorganic fertilizer and mulch to reduce the use of pesticides in soil is very important to reduce the environmental pollution caused by inorganic fertilizers and pesticides. In addition to environmentally friendly and cheap, it is expected to increase the quality and quantity of broccoli. The purpose of this research is to get organic fertilizer and mulch that can replace the role of inorganic fertilizer in broccoli. While the proposed hypothesis is Giving Silver black plastic mulch and straw was combined with organic fertilizers can replace the role of inorganic fertilizer in broccoli. The research conducted in the experimental field of the Faculty of Agriculture, Universitas Brawijaya on Cangar village, Sumberbrantas, Bumiaji, Batu, Malang. This research was conducted using Randomized Block Design ( RBD) with consists of 3 replications. Treatment consists of: P1: no mulch + urea, P2: no mulch + chicken manure, P3: no mulch + compost plants, P4: no mulch + Petroganik, P5: silver black plastic mulch + urea, P6: silver black plastic mulch + chicken manure, P7: silver black plastic mulch + compost plant, P8: silver black plastic mulch + Petroganik, P9: urea + straw mulch, P10: straw mulch + chicken manure, P11: straw mulch + compost plant, P12: straw mulch + petroganik. Observations conducted consists of destructive observations, environmental observations and harvest observations. Observations carried out at the time the plant was 15, 30, 45, 60 and 75 dap (harvest). Destructive observations consist of: number of leaves, leaf area, total plant fresh weight , total plant dry weight. Environmental observations consists of: soil moisture, soil temperature and solar radiation. Harvest observations consists of total plant fresh weight, plant consumption weights, weight of flower, diameter of flower and analysis of farming. Data were analyzed using analysis of variance (F test) at the 5% level. In the event of a significant different, then followed by Least Significant Difference (LSD) test at 5% level to know the difference between treatment. The results showed that treatment silver black plastic mulch + chicken manure produces better yields than treatments no mulch or straw mulch on all types fertilizers. Treatment silver black plastic mulch + chicken manure produces 9,8 ton ha-1. Treatment silver black plastic mulch + chicken manure can increase consumption weights 159-165% higher than the treatment no mulch on all types fertilizers and can increase the consumption weights 144-206% higher than the straw mulch treatment on all types fertilizers. Use of silver black plastic mulch able to maintain soil moisture, soil temperature and sunlight to increase revenues 27% higher than without mulch and 34% higher than the straw mulch treatment.
| Item Type: | Thesis (Sarjana) |
|---|---|
| Identification Number: | SKR/FP/2013/333/051311856 |
| Subjects: | 600 Technology (Applied sciences) > 631 Specific techniques; apparatus, equipment materials > 631.5 Cultivation and harvesting |
| Divisions: | Fakultas Pertanian > Budidaya Pertanian |
| Depositing User: | Hasbi |
| Date Deposited: | 30 Dec 2013 13:33 |
| Last Modified: | 19 Oct 2021 08:28 |
| URI: | http://repository.ub.ac.id/id/eprint/129452 |
Preview |
Text
bab_2.pdf Download (1MB) | Preview |
Preview |
Text
bab_5.pdf Download (2MB) | Preview |
Preview |
Text
bab_3.pdf Download (1MB) | Preview |
Preview |
Text
bab_1.pdf Download (1MB) | Preview |
Preview |
Text
cover_dan_halaman_i.pdf Download (1MB) | Preview |
Preview |
Text
bab_4.pdf Download (1MB) | Preview |
Actions (login required)
 |
View Item |