Analisis Pendapatan dan Faktor-Faktor yang Mempengaruhi Pengambilan Keputusan Petani Sayuran dalam Penggunaan Pupuk Kompos Fermentasi (Studi Kasus di Desa Tawangargo, Kecamatan Karangploso, Kabupaten

Cahyaningtyas, Febriana (2013) Analisis Pendapatan dan Faktor-Faktor yang Mempengaruhi Pengambilan Keputusan Petani Sayuran dalam Penggunaan Pupuk Kompos Fermentasi (Studi Kasus di Desa Tawangargo, Kecamatan Karangploso, Kabupaten. Sarjana thesis, Universitas Brawijaya.

Abstract

Pertanian ramah lingkungan dengan penggunaan input kimia rendah mulai digalakkan setelah muncul persoalan dampak lingkungan akibat penggunaan pupuk kimia dibidang pertanian pada era revolusi hijau. Tingginya penggunaan input kimia khususnya pupuk menyebabkan peningkatan permintaan saat awal musim tanam, sehingga seolah olah terjadi kelangkaan akhirnya berdampak pada tingginya harga. Tingginya biaya input usahatani berpengaruh pada besarnya pendapatan yang diperoleh petani. Hal ini didukung pula dengan harga jual produk pertanian yang cenderung fluktuatif. Pengurangan penggunaan input kimia dan mensubstitusi dengan bahan organik yang mudah didapat dengan harga terjangkau dan baik untuk lingkungan dapat menjadi solusi dari permasalahan tersebut. Pupuk kompos fermentasi dengan tambahan aktivator sediaan mikroba dapat menjadi alternatif pilihan sebagai evaluasi penggunaan pupuk sehingga dapat menekan biaya produksi sebagai upaya peningkatan pendapatan usahatani. Tujuan penelitian ini yaitu : (1) menganalisis pendapatan usahatani sayuran petani pengguna pupuk kompos fermentasi dengan petani sayuran non pengguna pupuk kompos fermentasi, (2) menganalisis faktor-faktor yang mempengaruhi pengambilan keputusan petani sayuran dalam penggunaan pupuk kompos fermentasi. Hipotesis penelitian ini yaitu: (1) diduga terdapat perbedaan pendapatan usahatani sayuran antara petani pengguna pupuk kompos fermentasi dan petani non pengguna pupuk kompos fermentasi, (2) diduga variabel umur, tingkat pendidikan, pengalaman berusahatani, luas lahan, pendapatan musim tanam sebelumnya serta keikutsertaan dalam kelompok tani mempengaruhi pengambilan keputusan petani sayuran dalam penggunaan pupuk kompos fermentasi. Pemilihan lokasi di Desa Tawangargo, Kecamatan Karangploso, Kabupaten Malang dilakukan secara purposive berdasarkan pertimbangan bahwa di Desa Tawangargo sebagian petani sudah menggunakan pupuk kompos fermentasi. Populasi dalam penelitian ini adalah petani sayuran (buncis, tomat dan kembang kol) penggunan dan non pengguna pupuk kompos fermentasi. Penentuan sampel menggunakan Cluster Sampling. Sampel yang diambil untuk petani pengguna sebanyak 25 orang ditentukan dengan metode sensus. Petani non pengguna sebanyak 44 orang ditentukan secara acak menggunakan rumus Slovin. Total keseluruhan sampel dalam penelitian ini adalah 69 orang. Alat analisis yang digunakan adalah analisis pendapatan dan uji beda rata-rata pendapatan usahatani yaitu independent sample T test untuk mengetahui pendapatan dan mengetahui rata-rata perbandingan pendapatan petani pengguna dan non pengguna. Selain itu, untuk menjawab hipotesis kedua digunakan alat analisis regresi logistik untuk mengetahui faktor yang berpengrauh signifikan terhadap pengambilan keputusan penggunaan pupuk kompos fermentasi. Hasil penelitian dapat diketahui bahwa rata-rata pendapatan dari ketiga komoditi yaitu buncis, tomat dan kembang kol untuk petani pengguna pupuk kompos fermentasi berbeda nyata dengan petani non pengguna dengan nilai thitung> ttabel sehingga daerah thitung terletak diluar daerah ttabel. Hal ini berarti tolak H0 dan terima H1. Faktor-faktor yang berpengaruh signifikan terhadap pengambilan keputusan penggunaan pupuk kompos fermentasi adalah luas lahan, pendapatan musim tanam sebelumnya dan keikutsertaan dalam kelompok tani. nilai signifikansi dari masing-masing variabel yaitu 0,002; 0,029; dan 0,001. Saran yang dapat diberikan berdasarkan hasil penelitian ini antara lain sebaiknya petani sayuran di Desa Tawangargo sebaiknya mulai beralih pada penggunaan pupuk kompos fermentasi untuk mengurangi biaya input usahatani terutama penggunaan pupuk kimia sehingga dapat meminimalisir biaya dan memaksimalkan pendapatan. Hasil produksi dan pendapatan usahatani yang lebih tinggi sebaiknya dapat dijadikan bahan pertimbangan bagi petani sayuran. Keikutsertaan petani dalam kelompoktani akan membuka kesempatan untuk memperoleh informasi tentang inovasi di dunia pertanian salah satunya pembuatan dan pengaplikasian pupuk kompos fermentasi. Oleh karena itu sebaiknya petani sayuran ikut bergabung dalam keanggotaan kelompok tani.

English Abstract

Environment-friendly agriculture with low chemical input use began in earnest after the emerging problems of the environmental impact caused by the use of chemical fertilizers in agriculture during the green revolution.The high use chemical fertilizers cause an increase in demand during the beginning of the growing season, so that it is as though scarce, moreover have an impact also on the high prices. The high costs of farming inputs affect the magnitude of the earned income of farmers. It is also supported by the selling price of agricultural products that tends fluctuates. Reductioning the use of chemical inputs and substitution with organic ingredients that are easily obtainable and affordable and good for the environment can be the solution of these problems.Fermentation with the addition of compost activator microbial preparation can be an alternative choice as an evaluation of the use of fertilizers in order to decrease production costs as an effort to increase farm income. The purpose of this research are 1) to analyze the income between vegetable farmers who use compost fermentation with vegetable growers who do not use compost fermentation, 2) analyze the factors that influence decision making vegetable farmersin the use of compost fermentation. The hypothesis of this research are 1) allegedly there is a difference income between farmers vegetables users of fermentation compost and vegetable farmers not users of compost fermentation 2) allegedly age, the level of education, farming experience, land area income of the previous growing season and the participation of the previous farmer groups can affect the decision making use of fertilizers compost fermentation. Determination of location in the Tawangargo village, Karangploso district, Malang Regency is carried out based on the consideration that the purposive in the village of Tawangargo some farmers already use compost fermentation.The population in this research is the farmers vegetables (beans, tomatoes and cauliflower) users and not users of compost fermentation. Determining the samples use Cluster Sampling. Samples for farmers use compost fermentation of as many as 25 people were determined by census methods. Farmers not using fertilizer compost fermentation as many as 44 people are determined by Slovin Formula. The total sample in this research is 69 people. Instrument analysis used is analysis revenue and test different the average income namely independent t test sample to know income and knowing average comparison farmers income users and non users. In addition, to answer the second hypothesis used instrument logistic regression analysis to identify factors that influence decision making compost fertilizer fermentation. The Research results can be known that the average income of all three commodities, namely beans, tomatoes and cauliflower for farmers users compost fermentation different with farmers non-users compost fermentation with value thitung> ttabel so thitung located outside the area of the ttabel. That mean reject H0 and accept H1. Factors that influence the decision-making of farmers vegetable in the use of compost fermentation are land area, farming income the previous season, and participation in the Group of farmers. The significance of each variable that are 0,002; 0,029; and 0,001. Advice can be given on the basis of the results of this research should include vegetable farmer in the Tawangargo village should start switching to the use of compost fermentation to reduce farm input costs, especially the use of chemical fertilizers in order to minimize costs and maximize revenue. Production results and higher farm income should be taken into consideration for vegetable farmers. Participation of farmers in the farmer group will open the opportunity to obtain information about innovations in the agriculture one of them manufacture and application of compost fermentation. Therefore, vegetable farmers recommend to in the membership of the farmers group.

Item Type:	Thesis (Sarjana)
Identification Number:	SKR/FP/2013/183/051307630
Subjects:	300 Social sciences > 338 Production > 338.1 Agriculture
Divisions:	Fakultas Pertanian > Agribisnis
Depositing User:	Hasbi
Date Deposited:	14 Nov 2013 11:49
Last Modified:	20 Oct 2021 03:54
URI:	http://repository.ub.ac.id/id/eprint/129297

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