Peran Penyuluhan Pertanian Lapangan (PPL) Dalam Program Sekolah Lapang Pengelolaan Tanaman Terpadu (SLPTT) Komoditas Padi (Oryza sativa) (Studi Kasus Kelompok Tani Rukun Makmur di Desa Selopanggung

Bhaktiar, Syarifudin (2011) Peran Penyuluhan Pertanian Lapangan (PPL) Dalam Program Sekolah Lapang Pengelolaan Tanaman Terpadu (SLPTT) Komoditas Padi (Oryza sativa) (Studi Kasus Kelompok Tani Rukun Makmur di Desa Selopanggung. Sarjana thesis, Universitas Brawijaya.

Abstract

Tantangan dunia penyuluhan dan pembangunan pertanian ke depan salah satunya adalah kebutuhan bahan pangan khususnya tanaman padi yang belum mencukupi sejalan dengan bertambahnya jumlah penduduk dari tahun ke tahun memerlukan pasokan bahan pangan khususnya tanaman padi yang terus bertambah. Oleh karena itu untuk memenuhi kebutuhan bahan pangan khususnya tanaman padi yang diolah menjadi beras, pemerintah mengeluarkan terobosan baru berupa program Sekolah Lapang Pengelolaan Tanaman Terpadu (SL-PTT). Program SL-PTT merupakan salah satu model atau pendekatan pengelolaan usaha tani padi dengan mengimplementasikan berbagai teknologi budidaya dan menggabungkan semua komponen usaha tani terpilih yang serasi dan komplementer yang memberikan efek sinergis untuk meningkatan hasil produktivitas padi secara optimal dan kelestarian lingkungan. Keberhasilan program ini tidak akan lepas dari suatu konsep peranan petugas Penyuluh Pertanian Lapangan (PPL) yang merupakan ujung tombak pembangunan pertanian dan pihak yang paling dekat dengan sasaran yaitu petani. Kemampuan PPL dan peranannya dalam dunia penyuluhan dan pembagunan harus diperhatikan, karena dengan dukungan tersebut maka akan terjadi suatu kerjasama antara pemberi program dengan sasaran program (petani) yang akhirnya akan mencapai tujuan program pembangunan. Berdasarkan latar belakang di atas maka perlu dilakukan penelitian mengenai peranan penyuluh pertanian lapangan (PPL) pada kelompok tani dalam program SL-PTT padi. Masalah yang dirumuskan dalam penelitian ini: 1) Sejauh mana peranan Penyuluh Pertanian Lapangan pada kelompok tani melalui program SL-PTT (Sekolah Lapang Pengelolaan Tanaman Terpadu) dalam merubah perilaku petani padi?; 2) Fungsi-fungsi apa saja yang dilakukan Penyuluh Pertanian Lapangan (PPL) dalam membina kelompok tani melalui program SL-PTT?; 3)Apa saja kegiatan-kegiatan penyuluhan pertanian dalam mencapai keberhasilan program SL-PTT?. Tujuan dari penelitian ini adalah sebagai berikut: 1) Menganalisi peranan Penyuluh Pertanian Lapangan pada kelompok tani melalui program SLPTT dalam merubah perilaku petani padi; 2) Menganalisis fungsi-fungsi apa saja yang dilakukan Penyuluh Pertanian (PPL) Lapangan dalam membina kelompok tani melalui program SL-PTT; 3) Menganalisis kegiatan-kegiatan penyuluhan pertanian dalam mencapai keberhasialn program SL-PTT. Kegunaan dari penelitian ini adalah sebagai berikut : 1) Bahan informasi bagi petani dalam meningkatkan kemampuan untuk pengelolaan tanaman terpadu khususnya komoditi padi; 2) Bahan informasi bagi instansi pemerintah dalam pelaksanaan kegiatan penyuluhan dan meningkatkan peranan Penyuluh Pertanian lapangan; 3) Bahan informasi bagi pihak peneliti dan lembaga bidang pertanian dalam rangka pembinaan kelompok tani. Dalam penelitian ini menggunakan tipe penelitian Descriptive Research. Penentuan daerah penelitian ditentukan secara sengaja ( purposive ) yaitu di Desa Selopanggung, Kecamatan Ngariboyo, Kabupaten Magetan, Jawa Timur. Penentuan responden dilakukan dengan sengaja ( purposive ) yaitu pada peserta SL-PTT anggota kelompok tani ‘Rukun Makmur’ yang beranggotakan 60 orang yang semua ikut menjadi anggota peserta SL. Metode pengumpulan data penelitian ini dilakukan dengan dua cara yaitu pengumpulan data primer berupa wawancara dan observasi, kemudian yang kedua dengan pengumpulan data sekunder dengan data tertulis dan dokumentasi dari dinas-dinas terkait. Metode analisis data yang digunakan dalam penelitian ini menggunakan analisis deskriptif kualitatif, Menurut Miles dan Hiberman (1992) dalam Arikunto (2002), Analisis data ini dilakukan bersamaan dengan proses pengumpulan data diantaranya adalah melalui tiga tahap yaitu sebagai berikut: 1) Reduksi data (pemilihan data) meliputi editing (penulisan kembali data) , coding (pengelompokkan data) , dan tabulasi (data dimasukkan ke tabel); 2) Penyajian data, data yang sudah direduksi kemudian di sajikan; 3) Menarik kesimpulan dan verivikasi, data yang sudah direduksi kemudian disajikan kemudian ditarik kesimpulan akhir dan mengarah pada menjawab fokus permasalahan. Hasil penelitian menunjukkan bahwa: Peranan PPL pada kelompok tani Rukun Makmur dalam SL-PTT di Desa Selopanggung menunjukkan petugas PPL dalam SL-PTT menguasai kemampuan dalam metode pendidikan orang dewasa dan menjalankan perannya sebagai fasilitotor, dinamisator, teknisi dan mediator yang sebagian besar dilakukan melalui pendampingan terhadap petani peserta SLPTT, yang dimana hasilnya petani telah mau menerima dan menerapkan anjuran PTT dalam mengoptimalkan sumber daya pertanian padi ciherang di lahan petani. Fungsi-Fungsi PPL dalam SL-PTT telah menjalankan fungsinya dilihat dari petani di Desa Selopanggung telah merubah pola pikir dan perilakunya baik dari pengetahuan patani yang bertambah tentang budidaya tanaman padi yang dianjurkan PTT, sikap petani yang mau menerima, mencoba dan menerapkan teknologi PTT serta keterampilan petani yang bertambah dalam kegiatan PTT walaupun belum menerapkan jarak tanam jajar legowo. Kegiatan-kegiatan PPL pada dalam SL-PTT adalah mendampingi petani pada pelaksanaan program SLPTT telah melakukan kegiatan-kegitaan seperti pengolahan lahan yang baik, penggunaan benih unggul dengan menggunakan varietas ciherang, penggunaan pupuk berimbang selama tiga kali pemupukan dalam satu musim tanam, sistem pengairan berselang dan pengendalian hama penyakit sesuai dengan anjuran PTT. Keberhasilan Program SL-PTT Kelompok tani Rukun Makmur dilihat dalam pencapaian hasil produtivitas yang meningkat dari sebelum adanya program adalah 65 kw/ha menjadi 69-73 kw/ha dan perubahan perilaku petani menerapkan teknologi PTT di lahan sawahnya. Berdasarkan hasil penelitian di atas dapat disarankan sebagai berikut, Petugas Penyuluh Pertanian Lapangan harus lebih meningkatkan keterampilan petani dalam budidaya taman padi sesuai dengan anjuran PTT. Salah satunya adalah keterampilan petani dalam penerapan jarak tanam jajar legowo.Petugas penyuluh pertanian harus lebih meningkatkan perannya sebagai pendamping setelah program SL-PTT selesai, agar keberhasilan program bisa konsisiten dan lebih intensif (petani terus menerapkan teknologi PTT).

English Abstract

World challenges of agricultural extension and development of the next one is the need for food especially rice that has not been sufficient in line with the increase of population from one year to require the supply of foodstuffs, especially rice growing. Therefore to meet the needs of food, especially rice crop is processed into rice, the government issued a new breakthrough in the form of a program of Integrated Crop Management Field School (SL-PTT). SL-PTT program is one model or approach to farm management by implementing a variety of rice cultivation technology and combines all the components of farming selected matching and complementary provide synergistic effects to increase rice productivity results in an optimal and environmental sustainability. The success of this program will not escape from a concept of the role of Agricultural Extension officer Field (PPL) which is spearheading the development of agriculture and those closest to the goal of farmers. The ability of PPL and its role in counseling and developing world must be considered, because the support is there will be a collaboration between donor programs with the goal of the program (farmers) that will ultimately achieve the goal of development programs. Based on the above background it is necessary to do research on the role of agricultural extension field (PPL) in the farmer group in SL-PTT rice program. The problem is formulated in this study: 1) The extent to which the role of Agricultural Extension Field on farmers groups through SL-PTT (Integrated Crop Management Field School) in changing the behavior of rice farmers?; 2) The functions of what is being done Agricultural Extension Field ( PPL) in fostering farmer groups through the SL-PTT?; 3) What are the activities of agricultural extension programs in achieving the success of the SL-PTT?. The purpose of this study are as follows: 1) Analyze the role of Agricultural Extension Field on farmers groups through SL-PTT in changing the behavior of rice farmers; 2) Analyze the functions of what is being done Agricultural Extension (PPL) Field in fostering farmer groups through SL-PTT program, 3) Analyze the activities of agricultural extension programs in achieving keberhasialn SL-PTT. The usefulness of this study are as follows: 1) Material information for farmers in improving the ability of integrated crop management for rice in particular commodities, 2) Material information to government agencies in the implementation of extension activities and enhance the role of Agricultural Extension field, 3) Material information for the researcher and agricultural institutions in the framework of fostering farmers groups. In this study using this type of research Descriptive Research. Determination of the research areas specified intentional (purposive) that is in the Village Selopanggung, District Ngariboyo, Magetan, East Java. Determination of the respondent done intentionally (purposive), namely the SL-PTT participant farmers group members Pillars Makmur which consists of 60 people who all share a participant member of SL. Research data collection method is done in two ways of collecting primary data in the form of interviews and observations, then the second with the secondary data collection with the written data and documentation from the relevant agencies. Data analysis methods used in this study using qualitative descriptive analysis, according to Miles and Hiberman (1992) in Arikunto (2002), data analysis was conducted simultaneously with the data collection process through the three stages of which are as follows: 1) data reduction (selection data) include editing (rewriting data), coding (grouping of data), and tabulations (data inserted into the table), 2) presentation of data, data that has been reduced later in the present; 3) Interesting conclusions and verification, data is already reduced then presented then drawn final conclusions and lead to the answer the focus problem. The results showed that: The role of PPL in Pillars of farmer groups in the SL-PTT Makmur Village Selopanggung shows PPL officers in the SL-PTT control capability in the methods of adult education and its role as fasilitotor, dynamist, technicians and mediators that are mostly done through mentoring of farmers participating in the SL-PTT, which where the result farmers have been willing to accept and implement the recommendation PTT in optimizing resources Ciherang rice farming in farmers land. Functions of the PPL in the SL-PTT has been carrying out its functions viewed from farmers in the village of Selopanggung has changed the mindset and behavior of both the farmer knowledge about the cultivation of rice plants increased the recommended PTT, the attitude of farmers who want to receive, try and apply the PTT technology and skills farmers who grow in the activities of the PTT, although not yet implemented legowo row spacing. PPL activities in the SL-PTT is assisting farmers in the implementation of SL-PTT program has conducted activities such as processing activities good land, the use of improved seed varieties using Ciherang, use a balanced fertilizer for fertilizing three times in one growing season, the system intermittent irrigation and pest and disease control as recommended by PTT. The success of the SL-PTT Program Pillars Prosperous Farmer groups seen in the achievement of results produtivitas increased from before the program is 65 kw / ha to 69-73 kw / ha and behavioral change peasants implement PTT technology in lowland rice fields. Based on the above research results can be suggested as follows, Agricultural Field Officer should further enhance the skills of farmers in rice cultivation park as recommended by PTT. One is the farmers skills in the application of row spacing legowo.Petugas agricultural extension should further enhance its role as a chaperone after SL-PTT program is completed, so that the programs success can be consistent and more intensive (farmers continue to apply the technology PTT).

Item Type:	Thesis (Sarjana)
Identification Number:	SKR/FP/2011/207/051104052
Subjects:	300 Social sciences > 338 Production > 338.1 Agriculture
Divisions:	Fakultas Pertanian > Agribisnis
Depositing User:	Endang Susworini
Date Deposited:	26 Mar 2012 09:09
Last Modified:	20 Apr 2022 01:46
URI:	http://repository.ub.ac.id/id/eprint/128716

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