Pratiwi, Kurnia (2011) Ektoparasitoid Microbracon sp. (Hymenoptera: Braconidae): biologi pada berbagai instar larva Corcyra cephalonica Staint. (Lepidoptera: Pyralidae). Sarjana thesis, Universitas Brawijaya.
Abstract
Microbracon sp. merupakan ektoparasitoid larva lepidopteran yang berpotensi sebagai agens hayati. Di Indonesia hanya ada sedikit penelitian tentang biologi Microbracon sp.. Oleh karena itu dilakukan suatu penelitian untuk mengkaji lama hidup, kemampuan bertelur, morfologi dan siklus hidup parasitoid Microbracon sp. pada berbagai instar larva C. cephalonica. Hasil dari penelitian ini dapat digunakan sebagai dasar dalam perbanyakan parasitoid larva Microbracon sp. dan pemanfaatannya sebagai agens hayati larva lepidopteran. Penelitian dilaksanakan di Laborat orium Entomologi Jurusan Hama dan Penyakit Tumbuhan Fakultas Pertanian Un iversitas Brawijaya Malang, mulai bulan Mei sampai Desember 2010. Pemeliharaan C. cephalonica dilakukan dengan pakan campuran tepung jagung dan dedak yang telah disterilkan. Imago parasitoid Microbracon sp. diperoleh dari Pusat Pelayanan Agens Hayati “Tani Makmur” Kecamatan Beji Kabupaten Pasuruan. Penelitian ini terdiri dari 3 percobaan, yaitu 1) studi lama hidup imago Microbracon sp., 2) studi keperidian imago Microbracon sp. dan 3) studi siklus hidup Microbracon sp.. Percobaan 1, dilakukan dengan memapaparkan imago Microbracon sp. yang baru eklusi pada instar larva C. cephalonica yang berbeda. Percobaan 2, dilakukan dengan memaparkan Microbracon sp. jantan dan betina pada instar larva C. cephalonica yang berbeda. Untuk studi siklus hidup Microbracon sp. pada percobaan 3, telur parasitoid yang terdapat pada larva C. cephalonica instar 4 dan 5 dipelihara sampai imago eklusi. Pengamatan dilakukan terhadap lama hidup, keperidian, morfologi dan siklus hidup Microbracon sp.. Hasil dari penelitian ini menunjukkan bahwa larva C. cephalonica yang sesuai untuk dijadikan sebagai inang parasitoid yaitu larva C. cephalonica instar 4 dan 5. Telur Microbracon sp. berbentuk oval memanjang dan berwarna kuning transparan. Larva Microbracon sp. berbentuk hymenopteriform dan berwarna kuning. Pupa Microbracon sp. terdiri dari dua fase yaitu: 1) eonimfa dan 2) pronimfa. Stadia telur Microbracon sp. selama 1 sampai 2 hari, stadia larva berlangsung selama 2 sampai 3 hari, sedangkan stadia pupa berlangsung selama 5 sampai 6 hari. Siklus hidup Microbracon sp. berlangsung selama 9 sampai 11 hari. Kisaran lama hidup imago Microbracon sp. jantan berlangsung selama 1 sampai 43 hari dan betina berlangsung selama 1 sampai 71 hari. Imago Microbracon sp. hanya mau meletakkan telur pada larva C. cephalonica instar 3, 4 dan 5. Jumlah telur terbanyak diletakkan pada larva C. cephalonica instar 4 dan 5 dengan rata-rata masing-masing 98,5 dan 74,5. Masa oviposisi terpanjang adalah 26,8 hari.
English Abstract
Microbracon sp. is an ectoparasitoid of lepidopteran larvae which is potential as a biological control agents. In Indonesia there is only a few research on the biology of Microbracon sp.. Therefore a research to elucidate the longevity, fecundity, morfology and life cycle of Microbracon sp. was done on several instar larvae of C. cephalonica. The results of this research can be used as a data base in the rearing Microbracon sp. and their used as biological control agents of lepidopteran larvae. This research was conducted at the Laboratory of Entomology Departement of Plant Pest and Diseases Faculty of Agriculture Brawijaya University Malang, from May until December 2010. The mass rearing of C. cephalonica used a mixture of sterilized cornmeal and bran. The adult of parasitoid Microbracon sp. were obtained from Service Center of Biological Agents “Tani Makmur” Beji District Pasuruan Regency. This research consisted of 3 experiments, i. e 1) the study of longevity of Microbracon sp., 2) the study of fecundity of Microbracon sp. and 3) the study of biology of Microbracon sp.. The experiment 1 were done by exposing the newly eclusion adult of Microbracon sp. to the different larval instar of C. cephalonica. The experiment 2 were done by exposing male and female of Microbracon sp. to the different larval instar of C. cephalonica. To study the life cycle of Microbracon sp. in experiment 3, parasitoid eggs which laid on the 4th and 5 th larval instar of C. cephalonica were reared until the adult eclusion. The observation were done to the longivity, fecundity, morfology and life cycle of Microbracon sp.. The Result showed that the suitable host of Microbracon sp. were the 4th and 5 th larvae instar of C. cephalonica. The eggs of Microbracon sp. were oval and yellow in colour. The larvae of Microbracon sp. was hymenopteriform. There were two phase of pupae: 1) eonympha and 2) pronimpha. The egg stage was 1 to 2 days, the larval stage was 2 to 3 days, whereas the pupal stage was 5 to 6 days. The average life cycle of Microbracon sp. was 9 to 11 days. The longevity of the male Microbracon sp. was 1 to 43 days and the female was 1 to 71 days. The adults of Microbracon sp. only preferred to laying eggs on the 3 nd, 4 th and 5th instar of C. cephalonica larvae. The average numbers of laid eggs on 4 th and 5 th instar of C. cephalonica larvae were 98.5 and 74.5, respectively. The average of oviposition period was 26.8 days
| Item Type: | Thesis (Sarjana) |
|---|---|
| Identification Number: | SKR/FP/2011/168/051103656 |
| Subjects: | 600 Technology (Applied sciences) > 632 Plant injuries, diseases, pests |
| Divisions: | Fakultas Pertanian > Hama dan Penyakit Tanaman |
| Depositing User: | Endang Susworini |
| Date Deposited: | 19 Mar 2012 12:29 |
| Last Modified: | 19 Apr 2022 02:46 |
| URI: | http://repository.ub.ac.id/id/eprint/128673 |
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