Efek Ekstrak Etanol Buah Belimbing Wuluh (Averrhoa Bilimbi Linn) dalam Menghambat Pertumbuhan Shigella dysenteriae secara In Vitro.

Novitasari, Wiwik (2013) Efek Ekstrak Etanol Buah Belimbing Wuluh (Averrhoa Bilimbi Linn) dalam Menghambat Pertumbuhan Shigella dysenteriae secara In Vitro. Sarjana thesis, Universitas Brawijaya.

Abstract

Infeksi Shigella dysenteriae (S. dysenteriae) saat ini telah berkembang menjadi masalah kesehatan yang serius, salah satu manifestasinya adalah penyakit diare. Diare seringkali berkembang menjadi KLB yang menyebabkan kematian bayi terbesar di Indonesia, yaitu mencapai 31,4% dari total kematian bayi. Diare juga menjadi penyebab kematian balita terbesar di Indonesia, yaitu sebesar 25,2%. Data di Indonesia memperlihatkan 29% kematian diare terjadi pada umur 1 sampai 4 tahun disebabkan oleh Disentri basiler, rata rata case fatality rate sebesar 4%. Keparahan pada infeksi Shigella dysentriae disebabkan juga karena kemampuannya untuk menghasilkan Shigatoksin yang dapat memperberat gejala. Untuk mengatasi permasalahan tersebut, dapat digunakan obat-obatan antimikroba dengan tujuan menghambat pertumbuhan bakteri. Tetapi saat ini penggunaan antimikroba tersebut banyak dibatasi karena penggunaannya tidak rasional sehingga menyebabkan resistensi. Oleh karena itu perlu dikembangkan alternatif pengobatan baru yang efektif, efisien dan dapat menurunkan biaya kesehatan tanpa melupakan standar mutu pelayanan medis. Medical herbs /tanaman obat adalah sumber yang dianggap mewakili adanya kandungan yang kaya dari agen kemoterapeutik untuk antibakteri dan antifungi. Tanaman yang banyak dipergunakan untuk pengobatan alami yang belum sepenuhnya terbukti secara ilmiah adalah belimbing wuluh ( Averrhoa bilimbi linn ). Buah belimbing wuluh mengandung senyawa flavoid, tannin, saponin, kalsium oksalat, sulfur, asam format, glikosida . Senyawa-senyawa tersebut diketahui mempunyai sifat antibakteri. Desain penelitian ini adalah eksperimental laboratorik . Sampel diperoleh dari isolat klinis di Laboratorium Mikrobiologi FKUB. Konsentrasi ekstrak buah belimbing wuluh yang digunakan adalah 0 g/dL (kontrol positif), 0.2%, 0.4%, dan 0,6%, 0,8%, 1,0% dan 1,2%. Hasil statistik Uji One Way ANOVA menunjukkan adanya perbedaan yang signifikan pada perubahan konsentrasi ekstrak buah belimbing wuluh terhadap OD bakteri (p<0,05). Selanjutnya, dari uji regresi linier sederhana didapatkan hubungan erat dan berkebalikan antara dosis ekstrak dengan OD bakteri (nilai korelasi(r) = -0.987). Dari hasil penelitian ini disimpulkan bahwa ekstrak buah belimbing wuluh dapat menghambat pertumbuhan Shigella dysenteriae dengan Minimum Inhibitory Concentration ( MIC) sebesar 0.6%.

English Abstract

Infection of Shigella dysenteriae (S. dysenteriae ) has now developed into a serious health problem, one of its manifestations is a diarrhea. Diarrhea are often developed into the biggest cause of infant mortality in Indonesia, reaching 31.4% of total infant deaths. Diarrhea is also the biggest cause of infant mortality in Indonesia, reaching to 25.2%. Indonesian data showed 29% of mortality caused by diarrhea occurred at age 1 to 4 years old due to bacillary dysentery, an average case fatality rate of 4%. Severity of the infection by Shigella dysentriae is caused by the ability to produce Shigatoksin which can aggravate symptoms. To overcome these problems , can be use antimicrobial drugs with the aim of inhibiting the growth of bacteria. But now, antimicrobials is limited use due to irrational use, causing resistance. It is therefore necessary to develop a new treatment alternative that is effective, efficient and can lower health care costs without compromising the quality standards of medical care. Medical herbs /medicine plants are considered to represent the source of the rich content of chemotherapeutic agents for antibacterial and antifungal. Plants that are widely used for natural treatment that has not been fully proven scientifically is Belimbing wuluh ( Averrhoa bilimbi linn ) . Belimbing wuluh contain flavonoid, tannins, saponin, calcium oxalate, sulfur, formic acid, glycosides. These compounds are known to have antibacterial properties. This research design is experimental laboratory. Samples obtained from clinical isolates in FKUB Microbiology Laboratory. Concentration belimbing wuluh extract used was 0% (positive control), 0.2% , 0.4% , and 0.6% , 0.8% , 1.0% and 1.2% . Results One Way ANOVA statistical test showed a significant differences in the change in the concentration belimbing wuluh extract against bacterial OD (p<0,05). Furthermore, from a simple linear regression found a close relationship between dose and inversely with OD bacterial extract (correlation value (r =-0987 ). From the results of this study concluded that belimbing wuluh extract can inhibit the growth of Shigella dysenteriae with Minimum Inhibitory Concentration (MIC) of 0.6% .

Item Type:	Thesis (Sarjana)
Identification Number:	SKR/FK/2013/701/051401492
Subjects:	600 Technology (Applied sciences) > 610 Medicine and health > 610.7 Education, research, nursing, services of allied health personnel
Divisions:	Fakultas Kedokteran > Pendidikan Dokter
Depositing User:	Endang Susworini
Date Deposited:	27 Feb 2014 11:18
Last Modified:	21 Oct 2021 04:30
URI:	http://repository.ub.ac.id/id/eprint/123994

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