Muafi, Mochamad (2013) Efektivitas The Extraordinary Chambers in The Courts of Cambodia (ECCC) Dalam Menyelesaikan Kasus Pelanggaran HAM Berat (Studi Kasus Kejahatan Terhadap Kemanusiaan Khmer Merah 1975-1979). Sarjana thesis, Universitas Brawijaya.
Abstract
Skripsi ini membahas tentang efektivitas pembentukan lembaga peradilan ECCC dalam menyelesaikan kasus kejahatan terhadap kemanusiaan oleh Khmer Merah. Perkembangan sistem peradilan dunia selama beberapa tahun mengalami perubahan secara signifikan dimana telah mengalami revolusi sejak berakhirnya perang dunia kedua hingga awal millenium ini. ECCC merupakan salah satu lembaga peradilan campuran antara unsur nasional dan unsur internasional, lembaga peradilan ini kemudian dikenal dengan istilah Hybrid Court. Lembaga peradilan ECCC secara khusus didirikan untuk mengadili para pemimpin Khmer Merah atas kejahatan terhadap kemanusiaan yang dilakukan antara tahun 1975-1979. Pembentukan lembaga peradilan ad hoc internasional sering dianggap sebagai bentuk intervensi dari komunitas internasional terhadap kedaulatan suatu negara, namun pembentukan lembaga peradilan ECCC ini didasari oleh ketidakmampuan pemerintah Kamboja dalam mengadakan proses peradilan bagi para pelaku kejahatan tersebut. Jenis penelitian dalam skripsi ini adalah penelitian yuridis normative, dengan pendekatan “statute approach”, yaitu dengan pendekatan melalui peraturan perundang-undangan serta perjanjian internasional. Penulis juga menggunakan pendekatan “case approach”, yaitu pendekatan dengan menganalisa kasus yang berhubungan langsung dengan judul penelitian ini. Berdasarkan hasil penelitian dan pembahasan menunjukkan bahwa pembentukan lembaga peradilan ECCC tidak melanggar prinsip-prinsip hukum internasional. Hal tersebut dapat dilihat bahwa pembentukan lembaga tersebut merupakan bagian dari prosedur umum serta sebagai bentuk pertanggungjawaban pemerintah negara Kamboja untuk melindungi rakyatnya terkait kasus kejahatan terhadap kemanusiaan oleh Khmer Merah. Lembaga peradilan ECCC secara struktural memliki beberapa kesamaan dengan lembaga peradilan lain seperti ICC dan ICJ. Hal yang perbeda terdapat pada organ tambahan dalam lembaga peradilan tersebut sebagai penunjang proses pemeriksaan dan pengawasan serta memberikan pengetahuan bagi masyarakat luas tentang proses persidangan dalam lembaga peradilan ECCC. Penegakan hukum yang dilakukan oleh lembaga peradilan ECCC tidak efektif jika dinilai dari teori efektifitas hukum Friedman. Hal ini dikarenakan dalam pelaksanaannya lemabag tersebut tidak memenuhi tiga komponen dasar dalam teori efektifitas hukum diantaranya struktur, substansi serta budaya hukum.
| Item Type: | Thesis (Sarjana) |
|---|---|
| Identification Number: | SKR/FH/2012/280/051302953 |
| Subjects: | 300 Social sciences > 340 Law |
| Divisions: | Fakultas Hukum > Ilmu Hukum |
| Depositing User: | Hasbi |
| Date Deposited: | 12 Apr 2013 14:19 |
| Last Modified: | 11 Apr 2022 01:48 |
| URI: | http://repository.ub.ac.id/id/eprint/111382 |
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