Karakteristik Madu Kaliandra Dari Jenis Lebah Madu Yang Berbeda Ditinjau Dari Fisikokimia

Sabtika, Linda Oktaviatus (2018) Karakteristik Madu Kaliandra Dari Jenis Lebah Madu Yang Berbeda Ditinjau Dari Fisikokimia. Sarjana thesis, Universitas Brawijaya.

Abstract

Madu merupakan salah satu produk lebah yang dihasilkan dari nektar bunga yang diolah oleh lebah menjadi pakan yang disimpan dalam sarang lebah dengan beberapa kandungan gizi antara lain karbohidrat, asam amino, protein serta beberapa jenis vitamin dan mineral. Tanaman kaliandra merupakan salah satu tanaman pakan ternak jenis leguminosa yang memiliki bunga dengan nektar yang sering dikonsumsi oleh lebah madu dengan warna madu yang terang dan memiliki rasa yang manis. Lebah yang menghasilkan madu antara lain lebah Apis mellifera, Apis cerana, Apis dorsata dan Trigona sp. Tujuan penelitian ini untuk mengetahui perbandingan kualitas madu kaliandra dari jenis lebah madu Apis melifera, Apis cerana dan Trigona sp. yang ditinjau dari kadar air, keasaman, gula pereduksi, aktivitas enzim diastase dan hidroksimetilfurfural (HMF). Materi penelitian yang digunakan adalah madu kaliandra yang dihasilkan dari lebah madu jenis Apis melifera, Apis cerana dan Trigona sp. Variabel pengamatan pada penelitian adalah kadar air, keasaman, gula pereduksi, viii aktivitas enzim diastase dan hidroksimetilfurfural. Metode penelitian yang digunakan adalah percobaan menggunakan Rancangan Acak Lengkap (RAL) yang dianalisis dengan Analisis Ragam (ANOVA) dan dilanjutkan dengan uji Beda Nyata Terkecil (BNT). Hasil penelitian menunjukkan bahwa perbedaan jenis lebah memberikan pengaruh yang sangat nyata (P<0,01) terhadap kadar air, keasaman, gula pereduksi, aktivitas enzim diastase dan hidroksimetilfurfural. Rata-rata kadar air madu tertinggi terdapat pada Trigona sp. yaitu 35% dan terendah pada Apis cerana 19,57%. Rata-rata keasaman madu tertinggi terdapat pada Trigona sp. yaitu 102,73 mL NaOH/kg dan terendah pada Apis cerana 23,67 mL NaOH/kg. Rata-rata gula pereduksi madu tertinggi pada Apis cerana yaitu 65,11% dan terendah pada Trigona sp. 47,84%. Rata-rata aktivitas enzim diastase madu tertinggi terdapat pada Apis cerana yaitu 6,52 DN dan terendah pada Apis mellifera 3,04 DN serta Hidroxymethylfurfural (HMF) madu tertinggi terdapat pada Trigona sp. yaitu 20,46 mg/kg dan terendah pada Apis mellifera 2,31 mg/kg. Kesimpulan dari penelitian adalah madu kaliandra yang dihasilkan dari lebah jenis Apis cerana memiliki kualitas yang lebih baik ditinjau dari kadar air, keasaman, gula pereduksi, aktivitas enzim diastase dan hidroxymethylfurfural (HMF) dibandingkan dengan madu dari jenis lebah Apis mellifera dan Trigona sp. Saran dari penelitian ini untuk peternak lebah madu di Indonesia dapat menambah populasi dari lebah jenis Apis cerana karena memiliki keunggulan kualitas madu yang lebih baik dari pada madu yang dihasilkan dari jenis lebah Apis mellifera dan Trigona sp. yang ditinjau dari sifat fisikokimianya. Penelitian ini dapat dilakukan penelitian lanjutan dengan menggunakan nektar dari jenis bunga yang ix berbeda untuk mengetahui bagaimana kandungan fisikokimianya pada madu tersebut dan perlu disempurnakan yang didasarkan dengan waktu pemanenan dan cara ekstraksi yang benar sehingga dapat menjadikan informasi yang paten pada peternakan rakyat.

English Abstract

The aim of this research was to compare the Calliandra honey with different honey bee species based on their physicochemical characteristics. The observed physicochemical characteristics consisted of moisture content, acidity, reducing sugar, diastase enzyme activity and hydroxymethylfurfural (HMF). The method of this research was field experiment using Completely Randomize Design (CDR) in 3 treatments and 4 replications. The treatments were P1 (honey of calliandra from Apis mellifera), P2 (honey of calliandra from Apis cerana), and P3 (honey of calliandra from Trigona sp. Data of this research were analyzed with Analysis of Variance (ANOVA), if there was a very significant difference between treatment, analysis of data was continued with Least Significant Difference (LSD). The result showed that bee’s species highly significant affect (P<0.01) to all variables. The maximum value of moisture content, acidity and hydroxymethylfurfural (HMF) in this research were found in honey of Calliandra from Trigona sp. that have moisture content 35%, acidity 102.73 ml NaOH/kg and hydroxymethylfurfural 20.46 mg/kg and the minimun from Apis cerana that have moisture content 19.57%, acidity 23.67 vi mL NaOH/kg and hydroxymethylfurfural (HMF) 6.52 mg/kg. The maximun value of reducing sugar and diastase enzyme activity were found in honey of Calliandra fron Apis cerana that have reducing sugar 65.11%, diastase enzyme activity 13.62 DN and the minimum from Trigona sp. that has reducing sugar 47.84% and Apis mellifera that has diastase enzyme activity 3.04 DN.

Item Type: Thesis (Sarjana)
Identification Number: SKR/FPT/2018/202/051804013
Uncontrolled Keywords: Calliandra, Apis mellifera, Apis cerana, Trigona sp., physicochemical characteristics
Subjects: 600 Technology (Applied sciences) > 638 Insect culture > 638.1 Bee keeping (apiculture) / Bee culture > 638.16 Honey processing / Bee products / Honey
Divisions: Fakultas Peternakan > Peternakan
Depositing User: soegeng sugeng
Date Deposited: 25 May 2018 06:49
Last Modified: 22 Oct 2021 06:08
URI: http://repository.ub.ac.id/id/eprint/11072
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