Andhini, Aprilia Nur (2017) Analisis Kontrol Kualitas Dan Penggunaan Produk Agens Hayati di Blitar, Jawa Timur. Sarjana thesis, Universitas Brawijaya.
Abstract
Penggunaan agens hayati saat ini semakin meningkat, salah satu faktor penyebabnya yaitu harga beli produk agens hayati yang lebih rendah dari pestisida sintetik. Pemerintah memfasilitasi pengendalian hama dengan memanfaatkan agens hayati melalui pengadaan pos pelayanan agens hayati (PPAH). Oleh sebab itu, jumlah PPAH di Indonesia sebagai produsen agens hayati semakin meningkat. Produk agens hayati terutama agens hayati berupa mikroorganisme seperti jamur entomopatogen, bakteri antagonis dan PGPR juga telah banyak dikembangkan PPAH dan tersebar di kalangan petani. Ditemukan beberapa permasalahan terkait produk agens hayati yang dikembangkan oleh PPAH, yaitu permasalahan dalam proses produksi, kontrol kualitas maupun penggunaan agens hayati. Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk proses kontrol kualitas agens hayati yang diterapakan oleh LPHPTPH Tulungagung dan PPAH di Blitar, mengetahui kualitas produk agens hayati dari PPAH di Blitar serta penggunaan produk agens hayati pada kalangan petani di Blitar. Penelitian dilaksanakan di Laboratorium Pengamat Hama Penyakit Tanaman Pangan dan Hortikultura (LPHPTPH) Tulungagung, empat PPAH di wilayah Kabupaten Blitar yaitu PPAH Setia Kawan, PPAH Among Kismo, PPAH Suko Tani dan PPAH Suko Dono. Penelitian juga dilaksanakan di Laboratorium Pengendalian Hayati 1 dan Laboratorium Penyakit Tumbuhan 4, Jurusan Hama dan Penyakit Tumbuhan, Fakultas Pertanian, Universitas Brawijaya, Malang. Penelitian dilaksanakan pada bulan April sampai Juli 2017. Penelitian ini menggunakan metode penelitian kualitatif. Metode pengumpulan data dari penelitian ini yaitu observasi, wawancara dan pengujian mutu agens hayati di laboratorium. Observasi dilakukan di LPHPTPH Tulungagung dan PPAH di Blitar. Wawancara dilakukan di LPHPTPH Tulungagung, PPAH di Blitar dan petani pengguna agens hayati di Blitar dengan cara mengajukan beberapa pertanyaan yang telah disusun dalam bentuk kuisioner. Pelaksanaan kontrol kualitas agens hayati oleh LPHPTPH Tulungagung termasuk dalam kategori kurang baik karena LPHPTPH tidak memiliki SOP uji mutu agens hayati dan pelayanan uji mutu agens hayati masih terbatas pada pengujian kerapatan jamur. Hasil penilaian pelaksanaan kontrol kualitas agens hayati oleh PPAH di Blitar yaitu tiga PPAH termasuk dalam kategori kurang baik karena PPAH tidak rutin melakukan uji mutu agens hayati dan tidak menyimpan arsip produk. Kualitas produk agens hayati dari empat PPAH di Blitar yaitu kandungan produk jamur dan bakteri menunjukkan adanya ketidaksesuaian kandungan produk karena terdapat kontaminan, viabilitas jamur termasuk dalam kategori rendah dan adanya ketidaksesuaian kerapatan jamur pada label dengan kerapatan jamur hasil pengujian. Hasil uji kesesuaian kandungan produk bakteri yaitu hanya satu produk yang menunjukkan kesesuaian produk yaitu Corynebacterium dari PPAH Suko Tani dengan kerapatan 4,84 x 1010 cfu/ml. Jenis agens hayati yang paling banyak digunakan oleh petani di Blitar adalah L. lecanii. Petani mengaplikasikan agens hayati dengan cara disemprot dan sebagian besar petani mengaplikasikan agens hayati pada sore hari. Petani melakukan pemberian input bahan ke tanah dan tanaman selama penggunaan agens hayati seperti pestisida sintetik, bahan organik dan pengapuran.
English Abstract
The use of biological agents is increasing these day, mainly due to the fact that the price of biological agents products are lower than synthetic pesticides. The government facilitates pest control by utilizing of biological agents through the provision of Postal Services of Biological Agents (PPAH). So that, the total of PPAH in Indonesia as producers of biological agents product has increased. Biological agents products such as microorganisms like enthomopathogenic fungi, antagonistic bacteria and PGPR have been developed by PPAH and distributed among farmers. However, there are problems associated with biological agents product that has been developed by PPAH, such as problem of production process, quality control and the use of biological agents. The objectives of the research is to know the process of quality control of biological agents product by Laboratory of Pest Control and Disease Observation on Food Crops and Horticulture (LPHPTPH) Tulungagung and PPAH in Blitar, the quality of biological agents products from PPAH in Blitar, and to know the use of biological agents product among farmers in Blitar. The research was conducted at the LPHPTPH Tulungagung and four PPAH in the district of Blitar i.e. PPAH Setia Kawan, PPAH Among Kisma, PPAH Suko Tani and PPAH Suko Dono. The research was also conducted at the Laboratory of Biological Control 1, Laboratory of Plant Pathology 4, Department of Plant Protection, Faculty of Agriculture, University of Brawijaya, Malang. The research was conducted from April to July 2017. This research was done by qualitative research method. The method of data collection from this research were observation, interview and test the quality of biological agent in the laboratory. The observation was conducted in LPHPTPH Tulungagung and four PPAH in Blitar. The interview was conducted in LPHPTPH Tulungagung, four PPAH in Blitar and the farmers as biological agent product user in Blitar by asking several questions that have been prepared in the form of questionnaires. The implementation of quality control of biological agent by LPHPTPH Tulungagung belong to the good less category because LPHPTPH did not have Standart Operational Procedure (SOP) of quality test of biological agent and the quality test of biological agent service was still limited to the density of fungi test. The results of assessment of the quality control of biological agents by PPAH in Blitar showed that three PPAH belong to the good less category because the PPAH did not routinely conduct the biological agent quality test and they did not have archive of the product. The quality of biological agent product from four PPAH in Blitar i.e. the content of fungi and bacteria product showed unsuitability because there was contaminant, the viabilty of fungi were included to less category and there was unsuitability of spore density in label with the result of spore density test. The result of suitability test showed that there was only one bacteria product which had a suitability with the content label. It was Corynebacterium of PPAH Suko Tani with 4,84 x 1010 cfu/ml density. The most used type of biological agent by farmers was L. lecanii. Farmers applied the biological agents by spraying and applied the biological agents in the afternoon. The farmers gave material to the soil and crops during the used of biological agents such as synthetic pesticides, organic materials and liming in the soil.
| Item Type: | Thesis (Sarjana) |
|---|---|
| Identification Number: | SKR/FP/2017/554/051710741 |
| Uncontrolled Keywords: | Agens Hayati, Pengendalian Hama, Kualitas |
| Subjects: | 600 Technology (Applied sciences) > 632 Plant injuries, diseases, pests > 632.9 General topics of pest and disease control > 632.96 Biological control |
| Divisions: | Fakultas Pertanian > Hama dan Penyakit Tanaman |
| Depositing User: | Yusuf Dwi N. |
| Date Deposited: | 27 Nov 2017 07:29 |
| Last Modified: | 25 Sep 2020 06:34 |
| URI: | http://repository.ub.ac.id/id/eprint/6053 |
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