Keanekaragaman Bakteri Filosfer pada Pertanaman Padi Dampak Penerapan PHT Skala Luas serta Potensi Antagonisnya Terhadap Xanthomonas oryzae.

Firdausi., Wita (2017) Keanekaragaman Bakteri Filosfer pada Pertanaman Padi Dampak Penerapan PHT Skala Luas serta Potensi Antagonisnya Terhadap Xanthomonas oryzae. Sarjana thesis, Universitas Brawijaya.

Abstract

Hawar daun bakteri (HDB) merupakan penyakit utama pada tanaman padi. Penyakit ini disebabkan oleh bakteri Xanthomonas oryzae pv. oryzae. Perkembangan penyakit hawar daun bakteri dipengaruhi oleh beberapa faktor sehingga penerapan pengendalian secara tunggal tidak dapat mengatasi permasalahan. Pengendialan penyakit HDB dapat dilakukan dengan menerapkan pengendalian hama terpadu (PHT). PHT merupakan pendekatan secara ekologis dalam pengelolaan organisme pengganggu tanaman (OPT) dengan memadukan berbagai metode pengendalian yang kompatibel, Data mengenai kelimpahan dan keanekaragaman bakteri filosfer tanaman padi yang menerapkan PHT skala luas khususnya di Indonesia masih sangat terbatas. Penelitian bertujuan untuk mengetahui kelimpahan dan keanekaragaman bakteri filosfer tanaman padi perbandingan antara lahan PHT dan konvensional serta potensi antagonisnya untuk mengendalikan penyakit HDB. Penelitian dilaksanakan di Desa Brangsi, Kecamatan Laren, Kabupaten Lamongan dan Laboratorium Penyakit Tumbuhan, Jurusan Hama dan Penyakit Tumbuhan, Fakultas Pertanian, Universitas Brawijaya, Malang mulai bulan November 2016 sampai Januari 2017. Penelitian dilakukan dalam 6 tahap yaitu: (1) penelusuran budidaya pertanaman padi yang menerapkan PHT dan konvensional (2) eksplorasi bakteri filosfer pada lahan pertanaman padi (3) perbanyakan bakteri patogen X. oryzae (4) seleksi bakteri filosfer yang bersifat antagonis terhadap patogen X. oryzae (5) pengujian antagonis bakteri filosfer terhadap patogen X. oryzae (6) karakterisasi sampai tingkat genus pada bakteri filosfer yang bersifat antagonis. Hasil penelitian menunjukkan kelimpahan bakteri filosfer pada lahan PHT sebesar 7,13×109 cfu/g berat kering daun, sedangkan pada lahan konvensional sebesar 4,77×109 cfu/g, sehingga kelimpahan bakteri filosfer pada lahan PHT lebih tinggi dibandingkan pada lahan konvensional. Indeks keanekaragaman bakteri filosfer pada lahan PHT sebesar 2,50, nilai tersebut termasuk kategori keanekaragaman sedang. Pada lahan konvensional nilainya sebesar 2,27, yang termasuk kategori keanekaragaman rendah. Hasil seleksi dan identifikasi 5 bakteri filosfer yang bersifat antagonis terhadap patogen X. oryzae diketahui dari genus Bacillus sp, Pantoea sp dan Erwinia sp. Berdasakan hasil pengujian antagonis, bakteri yang memiliki kemampuan penghambatan terbaik yaitu genus Bacillus sp.

English Abstract

Bacterial leaf blight (BLB) is the main disease of rice plants. This disease was caused by Xanthomonas oryzae pv. oryzae. The development of bacterial leaf blight was influenced by some factors, hence the application of single control could not solve this problem. The integrated pest management (IPM) is the most appropriate control approach for controlling the disease of bacterial leaf blight. The data about abundance and diversity of bacterial phyllosphere on rice plants implemented by large-scale IPM especially in Indonesia was still limited. Therefore, this research aims to find out the abundance and diversity of bacterial phyllosphere on rice plants grown in land implemented by IPM compare to that of conventional, and the antagonist potential of bacterial phyllosphere to control the bacterial leaf blight disease. This study was held in Brangsi, Laren, Lamongan and in the Laboratorium of Plant Disease, Agriculture Faculty, Brawijaya University, Malang from November 2016 until January 2017: The research was done in 6 steps: (1) interviewed farmers about rice cultivation that implemented IPM and conventional (2) exploration of bacterial phyllosphere on rice plants (3) cultured of Xanthomonas oryzae pv. oryzae (4) selection of bacterial phyllosphere that antagonistic to X. oryzae (5) antagonistic assay of bacterial phyllosphere towards X. oryzae (6) characterization of antagonistic bacterial phyllosphere. The result showed that the abundance of bacterial phyllosphere on IPM land was 7,13 x 109 cfu/g dry weight of leaf, while the abundance of bacterial phyllosphere on conventional land was 4,77 x 109 cfu/g, suggested that the abundance of bacterial phyllosphere on IPM was higher than that of conventional. The diversity index on IPM implemented land was 2,50, this value was categorized as medium diversity. The diversity index on conventional implemented land was 2,27, it was categorized as low diversity. The result of selection and characterization for 5 antagonistic bacterial phyllosphere was consists of genus Bacillus sp, Pantoea sp and Erwinia sp. Based on antagonistic assay, bacteria that had the higher antagonis potency was Bacillus sp.

Item Type:	Thesis (Sarjana)
Identification Number:	SKR/FP/2017/203/051704156
Subjects:	600 Technology (Applied sciences) > 632 Plant injuries, diseases, pests > 632.9 General topics of pest and disease control
Divisions:	Fakultas Pertanian > Agroekoteknologi
Depositing User:	Sugiantoro
Date Deposited:	17 Jul 2017 03:42
Last Modified:	01 Oct 2020 14:29
URI:	http://repository.ub.ac.id/id/eprint/277

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