Pangestuti, Martasari Beti (2018) Biodegradasi Limbah Cair Batik secara Aerobik dan Anaerobik (Studi Kasus di UKM “Batik Blimbing” Malang). Sarjana thesis, Universitas Brawijaya.
Abstract
Batik merupakan bagian dari budaya dan warisan Indonesia, dikenal luas secara nasional dan internasional. Banyak orang Indonesia mengenakan pakaian batik baik dalam acara formal maupun non-formal. Oleh karena itu, permintaan pasar global dari pakaian batik semakin meningkat dan dipenuhi oleh usaha kecil dan menengah (UKM). Hal ini juga ditunjukkan oleh peningkatan UKM batik dari 41.623 unit pada tahun 2011 menjadi 47.755 unit pada tahun 2015. Diperkirakan masingmasing UKM menghasilkan limbah cair batik sekitar 15-20 liter/hari. Namun, banyak UKM tidak memiliki fasilitas pengolahan air limbah yang tepat, sehingga membuang air limbah langsung ke lingkungan. Hal ini disebabkan oleh kurangnya pendanaan, keterampilan dan pengetahuan teknologi. UKM “Batik Blimbing” Malang juga memiliki masalah serupa. Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk mengetahui karakteristik limbah cair batik di UKM "Batik Blimbing" Malang dan biodegradabilitas pada proses aerobik dan anaerobik. Closed bottle test digunakan untuk uji biodegradasi aerobik dan Biochemical Methane Potential (BMP) untuk biodegradasi anaerobik. Semua percobaan dirancang menggunakan Rancangan Acak Lengkap (RAL) yang terdiri dari lima penambahan volume limbah cair batik yang berbeda (1 ml, 2 ml, 3 ml, 4 ml, dan 5 ml). Pada proses aerobik, setiap volume limbah cair batik ditambahkan dengan 0,5 ml inokulum dan ditambahkan dengan medium mineral hingga 100 ml. Sementara, pada proses anaerobik, setiap volume ditambahkan dengan digestate hingga 40 ml. Semua percobaan dilakukan dalam rangkap tiga. viii Berdasarkan uji karakteristik, hasil penelitian menunjukkan bahwa limbah cair batik dari UKM "Batik Blimbing" masih mengandung BOD (8651 mg/L), COD (54700 mg/L), TSS (1483 mg/L), fenol (0,616 mg/L), minyak dan lemak (4,2 mg/L) yang tinggi. Nilai-nilai ini melebihi nilai standar Pemerintah Jawa Timur untuk pembuangan limbah cair tekstil. Hasil proses aerobik menunjukkan bahwa konsentrasi BOD dapat dikurangi hingga 78-86%. Jika dibandingkan dengan perhitungan teoritis nilai persentase biodegradasi dari konsentrasi BOD/COD (yaitu 15,8%), proses aerobik mampu menghilangkan BOD sebesar 12-13%. Hasil proses anaerobik menunjukkan adanya penghambat yang ditunjukkan oleh tidak adanya produksi biogas selama periode uji BMP. Penelitian menegaskan bahwa biodegradabilitas dalam proses aerobik lebih unggul daripada proses anaerobik.
English Abstract
Batik, as part of Indonesian culture and heritage, is widely known national and internationally. Many Indonesian wear batik clothes either in formal or non-formal occasion. Therefore, the global market of batik clothes is increasing, and mainly fulfilled by the batik-producing community and batik small and medium enterprises (SMEs). This is also indicated by the increase of batik SMEs from 41,623 SMEs in 2011 to 47,755 SMEs in 2015. It is predicted that each SME generates approximately 15-20 liters/day of batik wastewater. However, many SMEs have no proper wastewater treatment plant and dispose the wastewater directly to nearby environment. Such practices were due to lack of funding, lack of skill and lack of technological knowledge. Batik Blimbing” Malang SMEs also has the similar problems. This study aimed at investigating the characteristics of batik wastewater in "Batik Blimbing" Malang SMEs and its biodegradability under aerobic and anaerobic process. Closed bottle test was employed for aerobic biodegradation and Biochemical Methane Potential (BMP) test for anaerobic biodegradation. All experiments were designed using a completely randomized design (CRD) composed of five different volume of batik wastewater (1 ml, 2 ml, 3 ml, 4 ml, and 5 ml). In aerobic process, each volume of batik wastewater was added with 0.5 ml inoculum and make up with mineral medium to 100 ml. While, in anaerobic process, each volume was then added with digestate up to 40 ml. All experiments were carried out in triplicate. Based on the characterisation study, the results indicated that batik wastewater from "Batik Blimbing" SMEs still contains high amount of BOD (8651 mg/L), COD (54700 mg/L), x TSS (1483 mg/L), phenol (0.616 mg/L), oil and fat (4.2 mg/L). These values exceeded the standard value of East Java Government for textile wastewater discharge. The results also indicated that in aerobic process, the BOD concentration can be reduced by 78-86%. However, when compared with the theoretical calculation of the highest calculation of biodegradation percentage values from BOD/COD concentration (i.e. 15.8%), the aerobic process was able to remove BOD by 12-13%. While, anaerobic digestion process indicating an inhibitation was occured as shown by no biogas production through out BMP test period. The findings confirmed that the biodegradability in aerobic process was superior than that of in anaerobic process.
| Item Type: | Thesis (Sarjana) |
|---|---|
| Identification Number: | SKR/FTP/2018/454/051810132 |
| Uncontrolled Keywords: | Aerobik, Anaerobik, Biodegradasi, Limbah Cair Batik,/ Aerobic, Anaerobic, Batik Wastewater, Biodegradation |
| Subjects: | 600 Technology (Applied sciences) > 628 Sanitary engineering > 628.5 Pollution control and industrial sanitation |
| Divisions: | Fakultas Teknologi Pertanian > Teknologi Industri Pertanian |
| Depositing User: | Endang Susworini |
| Date Deposited: | 21 Jun 2019 01:33 |
| Last Modified: | 22 Nov 2021 04:46 |
| URI: | http://repository.ub.ac.id/id/eprint/164166 |
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